The Ndc80 kinetochore complex directly modulates microtubule dynamics.

abstract：:A likely mechanism of chromosomal rearrangement formation involves joining the ends from two different chromosomal double-strand breaks (DSBs). These events could potentially be mediated by either of two end-joining (EJ) repair pathways [canonical nonhomologous end joining (C-NHEJ) or alternative end joining (ALT-EJ)]...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhargava R,Carson CR,Lee G,Stark JM

更新日期：2017-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:As the Copenhagen Accord indicates, most of the international community agrees that global mean temperature should not be allowed to rise more than two degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels to avoid unacceptable damages from climate change. The scientific evidence distilled in the Fourth Assessment Report of the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Heitzig J,Lessmann K,Zou Y

更新日期：2011-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The immunophilin-immunosuppressant complexes cyclophilin-cyclosporin A (CsA) and FKBP12-FK506 inhibit the phosphatase calcineurin to block T-cell activation. Although cyclophilin A, FKBP12, and calcineurin are highly conserved from yeast to man, none had previously been shown to be essential for viability. We find tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Breuder T,Hemenway CS,Movva NR,Cardenas ME,Heitman J

更新日期：1994-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Both treatment of disease and basic studies of complex tissues can benefit from directing viral vector infection to specific cell types. We have used a unique cell targeting method to direct viral vector transduction to cerebral cortical neurons expressing the neuregulin (NRG) receptor ErbB4; both NRG and ErbB4 have b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Choi J,Young JA,Callaway EM

更新日期：2010-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Let Lambda=SL(2)(Z) be the modular group and let c(n)(Lambda) be the number of congruence subgroups of Lambda of index at most n. We prove that lim(n--> infinity )(log c(n)(Lambda)/((log n)(2)/log log n))=(3-2(sqrt)2)/4. The proof is based on the Bombieri-Vinogradov "Riemann hypothesis on the average" and on the solut...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goldfeld D,Lubotzky A,Nikolov N,Pyber L

更新日期：2004-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K-ATP channel) plays a key role in insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells. It is closed by glucose metabolism, which stimulates secretion, and opened by the drug diazoxide, which inhibits insulin release. Metabolic regulation is mediated by changes in ATP and MgADP concentrat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Trapp S,Tucker SJ,Ashcroft FM

更新日期：1997-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:To attempt to locate functionally important regions of the interferon (IFN) molecule, recombinant human IFN-alpha 2 was subjected to proteolytic digestion. The bacterial proteinase thermolysin produced two major complementary fragments, HuIFN-alpha 2-(1-110) and HuIFN-alpha 2-(111-153). After reduction with 2-mercapto...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ackerman SK,Zur Nedden D,Heintzelman M,Hunkapiller M,Zoon K

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Questions that still surround the origin and early dispersals of maize (Zea mays L.) result in large part from the absence of information on its early history from the Balsas River Valley of tropical southwestern Mexico, where its wild ancestor is native. We report starch grain and phytolith data from the Xihuatoxtla ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Piperno DR,Ranere AJ,Holst I,Iriarte J,Dickau R

更新日期：2009-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Sepiapterin reductase (7,8-dihydrobiopterin: NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.153) catalyzes the terminal step in the biosynthetic pathway for tetrahydrobiopterin, the cofactor necessary for aromatic amino acid hydroxylation. We report here the isolation of a cDNA clone for rat liver sepiapterin reductase. The cDNA has ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Citron BA,Milstien S,Gutierrez JC,Levine RA,Yanak BL,Kaufman S

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Excessive activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) leads to NAD(+) depletion and cell death during ischemia and other conditions that generate extensive DNA damage. When activated by DNA strand breaks, PARP1 uses NAD(+) as substrate to form ADP-ribose polymers on specific acceptor proteins. These polymers a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ying W,Sevigny MB,Chen Y,Swanson RA

更新日期：2001-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The M2 protein of influenza A virus forms a transmembrane proton channel important for viral infection and replication. Amantadine blocks this channel, thus inhibiting viral replication. Elucidating the high-resolution structure of the M2 protein and its change upon amantadine binding is crucial for designing antivira...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cady SD,Hong M

更新日期：2008-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:For centuries, traditional agricultural systems have contributed to food and livelihood security throughout the world. Recognizing the ecological legacy in the traditional agricultural systems may help us develop novel sustainable agriculture. We examine how rice-fish coculture (RF), which has been designated a "globa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xie J,Hu L,Tang J,Wu X,Li N,Yuan Y,Yang H,Zhang J,Luo S,Chen X

更新日期：2011-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The 23S twisted circular form of ColE(1) DNA has been isolated from Escherichia coli as a tightly associated DNA-protein complex with a sedimentation coefficient of approximately 24S. Treatment of this complex with pronase, trypsin, sodium dodecyl sulfate, Sarkosyl, or heat results in a conversion to a slower sediment...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Clewell DB,Helinski DR

更新日期：1969-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A transformation-defective mutant of Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV), called A-MuLV-P92td, has been isolated. The mutant encodes a serologically identifiable A-MuLV protein of molecular weight 92,000 (P92) but it lacks the ability to transform either fibroblasts or bone marrow lymphoid cells. In contrast to the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Witte ON,Goff S,Rosenberg N,Baltimore D

更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:l-tryptophan (Trp), an essential amino acid for mammals, is the precursor of a wide array of immunomodulatory metabolites produced by the kynurenine and serotonin pathways. The kynurenine pathway is a paramount source of several immunoregulatory metabolites, including l-kynurenine (Kyn), the main product of indoleamin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mondanelli G,Coletti A,Greco FA,Pallotta MT,Orabona C,Iacono A,Belladonna ML,Albini E,Panfili E,Fallarino F,Gargaro M,Manni G,Matino D,Carvalho A,Cunha C,Maciel P,Di Filippo M,Gaetani L,Bianchi R,Vacca C,Iamandii

更新日期：2020-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:During mitosis, the mammalian Golgi vesiculates and, upon partitioning, reassembles in each daughter cell; however, it is not clear whether the disassembly process per se is important for partitioning or is merely an outcome of mitotic entry. Here, we show that Golgi vesiculation is required for progression to metapha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guizzunti G,Seemann J

更新日期：2016-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:In adult rodents, neurons are continually generated in the subventricular zone of the forebrain, from where they migrate tangentially toward the olfactory bulb, the only known target for these neuronal precursors. Within the main olfactory bulb, they ascend radially into the granule and periglomerular cell layers, whe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gheusi G,Cremer H,McLean H,Chazal G,Vincent JD,Lledo PM

更新日期：2000-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Agents that act as anion channel blockers (ACBs) and do not permeate cells appear to inhibit exocytosis in platelets, parathyroid cells, and neutrophils. Based in large part on these observations, anion influx through plasma membrane channels has been considered a factor controlling cellular secretion, but there have ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vostal JG,Reid DM,Jones CE,Shulman NR

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic manipulation of the alpha(2A)-adrenergic receptor (alpha(2A)-AR) in mice has revealed the role of this subtype in numerous responses, including agonist-induced hypotension and sedation. Unexpectedly, alpha(2)-agonist treatment of mice heterozygous for the alpha(2A)-AR (alpha(2A)-AR(+/-)) lowers blood pressure ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tan CM,Wilson MH,MacMillan LB,Kobilka BK,Limbird LE

更新日期：2002-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:We have made direct, quantitative measurements of the lateral motion and age-dependent distribution of acetylcholine receptors (AChR) on the surface of rat myotubes in primary culture. AChR were fluorescently marked with tetramethylrhodamine-labeled alpha-bungarotoxin and AChR lateral motion was measured by the fluore...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Axelrod D,Ravdin P,Koppel DE,Schlessinger J,Webb WW,Elson EL,Podleski TR

更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heat shock protein 90-alpha (Hsp90alpha) is an intracellular molecular chaperone. However, it can also be secreted with the underlying regulatory mechanism remaining far from clear. Here we show that the secreted Hsp90alpha is a C-terminal truncated form and its secretion is regulated by the C-terminal EEVD motif via ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang X,Song X,Zhuo W,Fu Y,Shi H,Liang Y,Tong M,Chang G,Luo Y

更新日期：2009-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The orphan nuclear receptor Nur77/N10 has recently been demonstrated to be involved in apoptosis of T cell hybridomas. We report here that chronic expression of Nur77/N10 in thymocytes of transgenic mice results in a dramatic reduction of CD4+CD8+ double-positive as well as CD4+CD8- and CD4-CD8+ single-positive cell p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weih F,Ryseck RP,Chen L,Bravo R

更新日期：1996-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Many cellular cargoes move bidirectionally along microtubules, driven by teams of plus- and minus-end-directed motor proteins. To probe the forces exerted on cargoes during intracellular transport, we examined latex beads phagocytosed into living mammalian macrophages. These latex bead compartments (LBCs) are encased ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hendricks AG,Holzbaur EL,Goldman YE

更新日期：2012-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Population intelligence quotients increased throughout the 20th century-a phenomenon known as the Flynn effect-although recent years have seen a slowdown or reversal of this trend in several countries. To distinguish between the large set of proposed explanations, we categorize hypothesized causal factors by whether t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bratsberg B,Rogeberg O

更新日期：2018-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Dietary diversity often varies inversely with prey resource abundance. This pattern, although typically measured at the population level, is usually assumed to also characterize the behavior of individual animals within the population. However, the pattern might also be produced by changes in the degree of variation a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tinker MT,Bentall G,Estes JA

更新日期：2008-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have indicated that mammalian cells contain a cytosolic protein disaggregation machinery comprised of Hsc70, DnaJ homologs, and Hsp110 proteins, the last of which acts to accelerate a rate-limiting step of nucleotide exchange of Hsc70. We tested the ability of transgenic overexpression of a Thy1 promote...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nagy M,Fenton WA,Li D,Furtak K,Horwich AL

更新日期：2016-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In this report, we explore the nature of the inductive stimuli leading to expression of the divergently regulated lymphokines interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interleukin 4 (IL-4). Elevation of cAMP levels blocks IL-2 induction while sparing IL-4 induction. These effects are gene-specific, not cell-specific, and can be observ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Novak TJ,Rothenberg EV

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of distressing trends, including a decline in the share of key research grants going to younger scientists, as well as a steady rise in the age at which investigators receive their first funding, are now a decades-long feature of the US biomedical research workforce. Working committees have proposed recommend...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Daniels RJ

更新日期：2015-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The soil-transmitted helminths or nematodes (hookworms, whipworms, and Ascaris) are roundworms that infect more than 1 billion of the poorest peoples and are leading causes of morbidity worldwide. Few anthelmintics are available for treatment, and only one is commonly used in mass drug administrations. New anthelminti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hu Y,Platzer EG,Bellier A,Aroian RV

更新日期：2010-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Misalignment between internal circadian rhythmicity and externally imposed behavioral schedules, such as occurs in shift workers, has been implicated in elevated risk of metabolic disorders. To determine underlying mechanisms, it is essential to assess whether and how peripheral clocks are disturbed during shift work ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Skene DJ,Skornyakov E,Chowdhury NR,Gajula RP,Middleton B,Satterfield BC,Porter KI,Van Dongen HPA,Gaddameedhi S

更新日期：2018-07-24 00:00:00