Abstract:
:Although the incidence of pulmonary hypertension is higher in female patients, numerous experimental studies have demonstrated better outcome in female animals, exacerbation of the disease after ovariectomy, and a strong protective effect of estrogen: a phenomenon known as the "estrogen paradox" of pulmonary hypertension. On the other hand, some clinical studies have indirectly linked estrogen to increased risk of portopulmonary hypertension, whereas others implicate increased estrogen metabolism and high levels of certain estrogen metabolites in promoting pulmonary vascular remodeling in familial pulmonary arterial hypertension. In this review we investigate the estrogen paradox through highlighting the differential receptor-mediated effects of estrogen. Although estrogen and estrogen receptor-based therapies have shown promise in rescuing preexisting pulmonary hypertension in animals, their role is yet to be defined in humans.
journal_name
Am J Respir Crit Care Medauthors
Umar S,Rabinovitch M,Eghbali Mdoi
10.1164/rccm.201201-0058PPsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-07-15 00:00:00pages
125-31issue
2eissn
1073-449Xissn
1535-4970pii
rccm.201201-0058PPjournal_volume
186pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:RATIONALE:Although intensive care units (ICUs) were created for patients with life-threatening illnesses, the ICU environment generates a high risk of iatrogenic events. Identifying medical errors (MEs) that serve as indicators for iatrogenic risk is crucial for purposes of reporting and prevention. OBJECTIVES:We desc...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1164/rccm.200812-1820OC
更新日期:2010-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with impaired pulmonary function are at increased risk for the development of postoperative complications. Recently exercise testing and predicted postoperative (ppo) function have gained increasing importance in the evaluation of lung resection candidates. We prospectively evaluated an algorithm for the preo...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.5.9809107
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic airflow limitation caused by a combination of airways disease (bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), whose relative proportion varies from patient to patient. OBJECTIVES:To explore and contrast the molecular pathogenes...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201507-1311OC
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiologic investigation has established an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) and human health in the Utah Valley. Reduction of particle mass during the temporary closure of a local steel mill was associated with diminished morbidity and mortality. We tested the hypothesis that the biologic ef...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.164.4.2011089
更新日期:2001-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Although considerable evidence indicates a role for CD4(+) T lymphocytes (T cells) in airway inflammation, little data exist regarding the mechanisms underlying the induction and regulation of CD4(+) T cell reactivity to lung-specific antigens. To dissect the immunologic and molecular mechanisms of CD4(+) T cell dysre...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200404-464OC
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Burkholderia gladioli has been reported as colonizing the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) but has not previously been associated with adverse outcome. We describe six patients with CF in whom the same strain of B. gladioli, on the basis of ribotyping and biochemical characteristics, was grown in their sp...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.4.9105090
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Poor adherence is common in difficult-to-control asthma. Distinguishing patients with difficult-to-control asthma who respond to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) from refractory asthma is an important clinical challenge. OBJECTIVES:Suppression of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) with directly observed ICS...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201806-1182OC
更新日期:2019-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The impact of asthma on chronic lung function deficits is well known. However, there has been little study of ethnic differences in these asthma-associated deficits. OBJECTIVES:To examine whether there are ethnic differences in the effects of asthma on children's lung function. METHODS:We evaluated the impa...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200912-1863OC
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Little is known about the incidence of isoniazid-associated hepatitis in HIV-infected Africans who receive both isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) and antiretroviral therapy (ART). OBJECTIVES:To assess the rate of and risk factors for isoniazid (INH)-associated hepatitis in persons living with HIV (PLWH) dur...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200911-1783OC
更新日期:2010-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cilomilast (Ariflo), a new oral phosphodiesterase-4 selective inhibitor, improves lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We have evaluated its antiinflammatory effects in 59 patients with COPD randomized to receive cilomilast, 15 mg two times a day, or placebo for 12 weeks. Induced sputum diffe...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.200212-1490OC
更新日期:2003-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1-beta (IL-1 beta), have been associated with accelerated metabolism and protein turnover following exogenous administration in normal humans. We hypothesized that these inflammatory cytokines might contribute to the weight-losing proc...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.2.8564110
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on serial lung function measurements performed in 142 children (68 males; 74 females) with cystic fibrosis (CF), prospectively evaluated over an age range of 6 to 20 years, we attempted to determine whether the lung clearance index (LCI) as a measure of ventilation inhomogeneities could be a discriminating facto...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200407-948OC
更新日期:2005-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Identification of patients with drug-resistant pathogens at initial diagnosis is essential for treatment of pneumonia. OBJECTIVES:To elucidate clinical features of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP), and to clarify risk factors for drug-resistant pathogens in patien...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201301-0079OC
更新日期:2013-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in lung lavage fluids is a marker of tissue damage and type II cell proliferation. Type II pneumocytes are extensively involved in fibrosis. The aim of our study was to verify whether local ALP activity can be held as a marker of fibrosis in chronic interstitial lung disorders. ALP was deter...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.1.9001320
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the anti-asthmatic effects of powerful anti-inflammatory agents such as aspirin-like drugs. We compared the effects of two aspirin-like drugs with different pharmacologic activities, sodium salicylate (SSA) and indomethacin, with the effect of lysine acetylsalicylate (LASA), inhaled 30 min before...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.4.9709045
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic inflammation is present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which has been linked to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We determined the effects of oral and inhaled corticosteroids on serum markers of inflammation in patients with stable COPD. We recruited 41 patients with mild to moderate ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.200404-543OC
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::E-selectin, an early mediator of leukocyte-endothelial adhesion, is expressed on activated endothelium. Soluble E-selectin is present in the supernatant of cytokine-activated endothelial cells and elevated serum levels are found in a variety of inflammatory conditions. We documented elevated E-selectin serum levels in...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.156.2.9509017
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is difficult when acid fast bacilli (AFB) cannot be detected in sputum smears. OBJECTIVES:Following a proof of principle study, we examined in routine clinical practice whether individuals with sputum AFB smear-negative TB can be discriminated from those wit...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1164/rccm.200904-0557OC
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown (Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1995;152:1248-1255) that in patients needing mechanical ventilation, the load imposed on the inspiratory muscles is excessive relative to their neuromuscular capacity. We have therefore hypothesized that weaning failure may occur because at the time of the trial...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.2.9710084
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to elucidate the relationships between pleural (Ppl), esophageal (Pes), and superimposed gravitational pressures in acute lung injury, and to understand the mechanisms of recruitment and derecruitment. In six dogs with oleic acid respiratory failure, we measured Pes and Ppl in the uppermost, middle, and most ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.164.1.2007010
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cigarette smoking is the major factor responsible for chronic obstructive lung disease, but it occurs in only a minority of smokers. Smoking is associated with increased susceptibility to pulmonary infections and with a neutrophil- and macrophage-rich inflammation of the small airways. We compared concentrations of tu...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.150.3.8087340
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a previous study of older pulp and paper workers in Berlin, New Hampshire, decrements in spirometry results associated with accidental exposures to high levels of irritant gases depended on cumulative levels of pulp mill exposure and cigarette smoking. Many of those subjects were older and retired. A new study was ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.1.8542120
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present study is twofold: to evaluate alterations in total phospholipid content and individual phospholipid classes of the surfactant, and to detect markers of inflammatory reaction in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from patients with hydrostatic pulmonary edema (HPE). Mechanically ventilated patients...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.3.9117030
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiologic responses to endurance training in patients with moderate to severe airflow obstruction by specifically looking at changes in skeletal muscle enzymatic activities. Eleven patients (age = 65 +/- 7 yr, mean +/- SD, FEV1 = 36 +/- 11% of predicted value, range = 24...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.154.2.8756820
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To quantify changes in tissue oxygenation of pathologic lungs, we applied a novel method using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRs). In in vitro experiments, we assayed the effect of photon scattering on the absorption spectra of an in vitro system simulating structures of lung, which consists of test tube containing air...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.156.5.97-01112
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite extensive research into the etiology and treatment of severe sepsis, little is known about its epidemiology in children. We sought to determine the age- and sex-adjusted incidence, outcome, and associated hospital costs of severe sepsis in United States children using 1995 hospital discharge and population dat...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200207-682OC
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to clarify the influence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) on cough threshold in patients with digestive symptoms but free from respiratory involvement. Of 57 consecutive subjects referred for 24-h esophageal pH monitoring because of digestive reflux symptoms, 29 patients free from respiratory...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.151.2.7842220
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Defining the biogeography of bacterial populations in human body habitats is a high priority for understanding microbial-host relationships in health and disease. The healthy lung was traditionally considered sterile, but this notion has been challenged by emerging molecular approaches that enable comprehensi...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201104-0655OC
更新日期:2011-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Most patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Dextran exhibits anti-adhesive effects in preventing attachment of P. aeruginosa to epithelial cells (1). The initial purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of dextran to alter the rheology and ciliary transportability of CF s...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.157.3.9703059
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The development of host-targeted, prophylactic, and therapeutic interventions against tuberculosis requires a better understanding of the immune mechanisms that determine the outcome of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. OBJECTIVES:To identify T-cell-dependent mechanisms that are protective in tuberc...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201509-1746OC
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00