Abstract：
:The precise role of hypothalamic norepinephrine (NE) in the control of vasopressin (AVP) release has remained unclear, due to reports of both inhibitory and excitatory effects of NE and only a few studies with direct hypothalamic manipulations. The present study utilized a chronically implanted swivel brain cannula to investigate, in undisturbed and freely behaving rats, the impact of acute hypothalamic infusions of monoamines on circulating AVP levels. The first study examined and compared the responsiveness of six hypothalamic sites to NE infusion through the swivel cannula. Results indicated that the excitatory effect of central noradrenergic stimulation on serum AVP is highly site specific, localized to the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic (SON) nuclei. These two nuclei appeared to be equally responsive to NE infusion, yielding a threefold rise in serum AVP over baseline levels. In contrast, NE in the dorsomedial nucleus produced a significantly smaller increase in AVP, and no response was observed in the ventromedial nucleus, posterior hypothalamus, or perifornical lateral hypothalamus. Further tests conducted in the PVN showed this nucleus to respond in a dose-dependent manner to NE infusion. In contrast, under similar test conditions, dopamine caused only a small increase in AVP at a relatively high dose, while a PVN injection of serotonin produced no response. These results support the existence of an excitatory noradrenergic system controlling AVP release and specifically demonstrate that this function of NE is localized to the PVN and SON, in contrast to other hypothalamic areas, and is mimicked to some extent by dopamine but not by serotonin.
journal_name
Exp Neuroljournal_title
Experimental neurologyauthors
Leibowitz SF,Eidelman D,Suh JS,Diaz S,Sladek CDdoi
10.1016/0014-4886(90)90042-qsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-12-01 00:00:00pages
298-305issue
3eissn
0014-4886issn
1090-2430journal_volume
110pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The failure of axons to regenerate after spinal cord injury remains one of the greatest challenges facing both medicine and neuroscience, but in the last 20 years there have been tremendous advances in the field of spinal cord injury repair. One of the most important of these has been the identification of inhibitory ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.06.020
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fifteen male mice (C57/Bl6J) were fed the liquid diet "Stardit" supplemented with vitamins together with phenytoin for 8 weeks; experimental animals and controls were pair-fed. After 8 weeks of treatment, the anesthetized animals were perfused with 3.5% glutaraldehyde. Tissue samples of the cerebral cortex (area 3), c...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(86)90026-9
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) distributes macromolecules in the brain in a homogeneous, targeted fashion in clinically useful volumes. However, the binding of growth factors to heparin-binding sites in the extracellular matrix may limit the volume of distribution (V(d)). To overcome this limitation, we examined t...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2000.7571
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and their receptors have been localized within the hippocampus but their physiological function on synaptic transmission is still unclear. We investigated the effects of PACAP and VIP on evoked excitatory postsynaptic curr...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0014-4886(03)00300-5
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a model of Parkinson's disease (PD), amphetamine, a dopamine (DA)-releasing drug, fails to induce ipsilateral drug rotations in a proportion of rats with complete unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions of the medial forebrain bundle and DA neurons of the substantia nigra. To investigate this phenomenon, indi...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2001.7823
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopaminergic projections to the caudate putamen (CPu) involve fibers in the nigrostriatal pathway from the ipsilateral substantia nigra-pars compacta. Post-synaptic receptor populations on cells receiving this information are composed of both D1 and D2 dopamine receptor subtypes. In the present study, unilateral lesio...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1993.1069
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) can be a highly effective treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, therapeutic efficacy is limited by difficulties in consistently and correctly targeting this nucleus. Increasing evidence suggests that there is abnormal synchronization of beta freq...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.11.019
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proteoglycans have a number of important functions in the central nervous system. Aggrecan (hyaluronan-binding proteoglycan, CSPG-cs56) is found in the extracellular matrix of cartilage as well as in the developing brain. We compared the postnatal distribution of CSPG-cs56 in Long Evans (LE) and Royal College of Surge...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.01.023
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To compare the evolution of cell body responses to two different types of axonal injuries--sciatic nerve crush (axotomy) and chronic 2,5-hexanedione-induced neuropathy--we studied rat lumbar dorsal root ganglion neurons with light microscopy and morphometry. Compared with control neurons, axotomized cells showed early...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(85)90100-1
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the peripheral nervous system, regeneration of motor and sensory axons into chronically denervated distal nerve segments is impaired compared to regeneration into acutely denervated nerves. In order to find possible causes for this phenomenon we examined the changes in the expression pattern of the glial cell-line-...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2001.7826
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rat axial muscle previously has not been studied histochemically. We were interested in determining the fiber composition and fiber distribution in rat lateral longissimus (LL), the large epaxial dorsiflexor muscle active during sexual posturing in the female rat and to determine if estrogen replacement in ovariectomi...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(83)90229-7
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of unilateral intrahippocampal injection of kainic acid, a potent neuroexcitant and neurotoxin, on subsequent susceptibility to kindling of the contralateral hippocampus or contralateral amygdala were investigated in albino rats. At the chosen doses (0.20 to 1.25 micrograms dissolved in physiologic saline)...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(87)90087-2
更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) to prevent the pathophysiology associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is currently being explored with animal models and in clinical trials with patients. Several studies have reported positive effects of IGF-1 in reducing motor neuron death, delaying th...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.05.016
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estrogens and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors regulate multiple aspects of morphological and functional plasticity in young animals. For example, estrogens increase spine density in the hippocampus, and NMDA antagonists block these effects. Few studies have examined the effects of age, postovariectomy interval, ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2001.7716
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of the corpus callosum (CC) was examined in BALB/cCF mice in relation to the effects of a 32-h period of maternal fasting. The treatment was imposed on days 15 and 16 during gestation, which immediately precedes the time when the initial callosal axons cross the midline. The BALB/c strain was used beca...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(84)90176-6
更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cats were kindled in the amygdala. After completion of kindling, their EEG was monitored almost continuously by a computer system which allowed the detection of spontaneous seizures and the quantification of interictal spikes. The relationships between seizures triggered by stimulation, spontaneous seizures, and inter...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(84)90223-1
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An in vitro study of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) response of protons in normal and pathological human skeletal muscle is presented. Muscle biopsies from 34 patients with various neuromuscular diseases and five normal subjects were studied by proton NMR techniques and the results were compared with those of li...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(83)90159-0
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) grafted to sites of spinal cord injury (SCI) extend numerous axons over long distances and form new synaptic connections with host neurons. In the present study we examined the myelination of axons emerging from NPC grafts. Rat embryonic day 14 (E14) multipotent NPCs constitutively expre...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.07.005
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation provides a new approach for the repair of damage to the central nervous system (CNS), including that resulting from cerebral infarction and spinal cord injury (SCI). In the past, there were no reputable means of converting non-neural somatic cells into neural cells. This status w...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.09.016
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Theoretical and experimental analyses of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) show both excitatory and inhibitory effects on the neural elements surrounding the electrode. Given these observations, the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of STN DBS on parkinsonian motor signs remains u...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.01.032
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alpha-synuclein (alphaSN) is implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD) and is the major component of Lewy bodies (LBs). Although alphaSN is mainly expressed in neuronal cells and exists as a cytoplasmic protein, it has been found in body fluids including cerebrospinal fluid and blood. This study explored plasma alphaSN a...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.12.006
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently it has been shown that there is impaired cerebral endothelial function in many chronic neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease. Such problems have also been reported in Parkinson's disease, in which α-synuclein aggregation is the pathological hallmark. However, little is kno...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.09.003
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study attempts to determine whether the neurotoxicity of p-chloroamphetamine (PCA) is dependent on a releasable pool of serotonin (5-HT). Rats treated with PCA alone or with reserpine and PCA exhibit a profound loss of 5-HT innervation in cerebral cortex after a 2-week survival period. However, depletion o...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(89)90071-x
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is an endogenous ligand of the Sigma 1 receptor (Sig-1R) with documented in vitro cytoprotective properties against hypoxia. Our aim was to demonstrate the in vivo neuroprotective effect of DMT following ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat brain. METHODS:Transient...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113245
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethanol exposure profoundly affects learning and memory and neural plasticity. Key players underlying these functions are neurotrophins. The present study explored the effects of ethanol on the distribution of neurotrophins in the cerebral cortex of the adult rat. Age- and weight-matched pairs of adult male, Long-Evan...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.12.022
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Children who are born preterm are at risk for encephalopathy of prematurity, a leading cause of cerebral palsy, cognitive delay and behavioral disorders. Current interventions are limited and none have been shown to reverse cognitive and behavioral impairments, a primary determinant of poor quality of life for these c...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.12.010
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myelin accelerates action potential conduction velocity and provides essential energy support for axons. Unfortunately, myelin and myelinating cells are often vulnerable to injury or disease, resulting in myelin damage, which in turn can lead to axon dysfunction, overt pathology and neurological impairment. Inflammati...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.05.001
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats were injected with progressively increasing doses of morphine or meperidine during a period of 3 to 40 days. From this colony of animals individual rats were used at 3- to 4-day intervals for electrophysiologic experiments to analyze the activity of nociceptive neurons in the somesthetic thalamus. After an i.p. i...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(84)90051-7
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) is a cytokine that regulates the survival, proliferation and maturation of microglial cells. Administration of M-CSF can promote neuronal survival in various models of central nervous system (CNS) injury. Here, in an attempt to induce a neuroprotective microglial cell pheno...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.08.021
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on sensory activity in the thalamic intralaminar nuclei, centralis lateralis and the mesencephalic reticular formation were compared with the effects on cortical association or heterosensory systems in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized cats. The drug depressed the anterior margi...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(87)90121-x
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
