Abstract:
:Binding of melanocortin peptide agonists to the melanocortin-1 receptor of melanocytes results in eumelanin production, whereas binding of the agouti signalling protein inverse agonist results in pheomelanin synthesis. Recently, a novel melanocortin-1 receptor ligand was reported. A β-defensin gene mutation was found to be responsible for black coat colour in domestic dogs. Notably, the human equivalent, β-defensin 3, was found to bind with high affinity to the melanocortin-1 receptor; however, the action of β-defensin as an agonist or antagonist was unknown. Here, we use in vitro assays to show that β-defensin 3 is able to act as a weak partial agonist for cAMP signalling in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells expressing human melanocortin-1 receptor. β-defensin 3 is also able to activate MAPK signalling in HEK cells stably expressing either wild type or variant melanocortin-1 receptors. We suggest that β-defensin 3 may be a novel melanocortin-1 receptor agonist involved in regulating melanocyte responses in humans.
journal_name
Pigment Cell Melanoma Resjournal_title
Pigment cell & melanoma researchauthors
Beaumont KA,Smit DJ,Liu YY,Chai E,Patel MP,Millhauser GL,Smith JJ,Alewood PF,Sturm RAdoi
10.1111/j.1755-148X.2012.00990.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-05-01 00:00:00pages
370-4issue
3eissn
1755-1471issn
1755-148Xjournal_volume
25pub_type
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