Abstract:
:rev-regulated expression of HIV-1 envelope proteins from a simian virus 40 late replacement vector was found to be dependent on the presence of a 5' splice site in the env mRNA in spite of the fact that this mRNA remains unspliced. When the 5' splice site upstream of the env open reading frame was deleted or mutated, expression of envelope protein was lost. RNA analysis of cells transfected with 5' splice-site mutants showed a dramatic reduction in the steady-state levels of env mRNA whether or not rev was present. Envelope expression could be restored in one of the 5' splice-site mutants by cotransfection with a plasmid expressing a suppressor U1 small nuclear RNA containing a compensatory mutation. These experiments show that U1 small nuclear RNA plays a direct and essential role in the formation of an unspliced RNA that is subject to regulation by rev.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Lu XB,Heimer J,Rekosh D,Hammarskjöld MLdoi
10.1073/pnas.87.19.7598subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-10-01 00:00:00pages
7598-602issue
19eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Inflammation is a major factor in heart disease. IκB kinase (IKK) and its downstream target NF-κB are regulators of inflammation and are activated in cardiac disorders, but their precise contributions and targets are unclear. We analyzed IKK/NF-κB function in the heart by a gain-of-function approach, generating an ind...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1116584109
更新日期:2012-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Comparative genetic maps of Papuan Saccharum officinarum L. (2n = 80) and S. robustum (2n = 80) were constructed by using single-dose DNA markers (SDMs). SDM-framework maps of S. officinarum and S. robustum were compared with genetic maps of sorghum and maize by way of anchor restriction fragment length polymorphism p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.26.14261
更新日期:1997-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Phospholipase C-gamma1 (PLC-gamma1) contains two tandem Src homology 2 (SH2) domains. The NH(2)-terminal SH2 domain has been known to mediate the binding of PLC-gamma1 to receptor protein tyrosine kinases, which then activate PLC-gamma1 via phosphorylation at Y783. We now show that the phosphorylated Y783 residue (pY7...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0409590102
更新日期:2005-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::During zebrafish development, zygotic gene expression initiated at the midblastula transition converts maternal information on embryo polarity into a transcriptional read-out. Expression of a homeobox gene, vega1, is activated at midblastula transition in all blastomeres, but is down-regulated dorsally before gastrula...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.22.12121
更新日期:2000-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Because of the relative inaccessibility of known calciferol target tissues (i.e., intestine and bone), we examined fibroblasts derived from normal human skin and grown in tissue culture as a means of evaluating the interaction of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25(OH)2D3] and its effector system. When dispersed, inta...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.4.2562
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rat skeletal muscle selenoprotein W cDNA was isolated and sequenced. The isolation strategy involved design of degenerate PCR primers from reverse translation of a partial peptide sequence. A reverse transcription-coupled PCR product from rat muscle mRNA was used to screen a muscle cDNA library prepared from selenium-...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.19.8749
更新日期:1995-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are important physiological means to regulate the activities and structures of central regulatory proteins in health and disease. Small GTPases have been recognized as important molecules that are targeted by PTMs during infections of mammalian cells by bacterial pathogens. The e...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1917549117
更新日期:2020-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::In the absence of adaptive immunity displayed by animals, plants respond locally to biotic challenge via inducible basal defense networks activated through recognition and response to conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns. In addition, immunity can be induced in tissues remote from infection sites by system...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0605423104
更新日期:2007-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::The maintenance of robust blood flow to the brain is crucial to the health of brain tissue. We examined the pial network of the middle cerebral artery, which distributes blood from the cerebral arteries to the penetrating arterioles that source neocortical microvasculature, to characterize how vascular topology may su...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1007239107
更新日期:2010-07-13 00:00:00
abstract::We introduced radioactive precursors directly into identified neurons of Aplysia californica. [(3)H]-Choline and L-[(3)H]tryptophan were injected with pressure into nerve cell bodies to study synthesis of acetylcholine and serotonin. We confirmed the cholinergic nature of R2, L10, and L11, identified neurons of the ab...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.12.3371
更新日期:1973-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prenylated Rab GTPases regulate intracellular vesicle trafficking in eukaryotic cells by associating with specific membranes and recruiting a multitude of Rab-specific effector proteins. Prenylation, membrane delivery, and recycling of all 60 members of the Rab GTPase family are regulated by two related molecules, Rab...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0701817104
更新日期:2007-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::The final step in hydrocarbon biosynthesis involves loss of CO from a fatty aldehyde. This decarbonylation is catalyzed by microsomes from Botyrococcus braunii. Among the several detergents tested for solubilizing the decarbonylase, octyl beta-glucoside (0.1%) was found to be the most effective and released 65% of the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.12.5306
更新日期:1992-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Five DNA fragments have been cloned from yeast, chicken, and mouse DNA that titrate lac repressor in an Escherichia coli lac+ I+Z+ wild-type strain when on a multi-copy plasmid. The five repressor-binding sequences have been identified by DNA sequence determinations and DNase cleavage-inhibition patterns. They share t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.6.1624
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perilipin coats the lipid droplets of adipocytes and is thought to have a role in regulating triacylglycerol hydrolysis. To study the role of perilipin in vivo, we have created a perilipin knockout mouse. Perilipin null (peri(-/-)) and wild-type (peri(+/+)) mice consume equal amounts of food, but the adipose tissue ma...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.101042998
更新日期:2001-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Formation and remodeling of the skeleton relies on precise temporal and spatial regulation of genes expressed in cartilage and bone cells. Debilitating diseases of the skeletal system occur when mutations arise that disrupt these intricate genetic regulatory programs. Here, we report that mice bearing parallel null mu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1003727107
更新日期:2010-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::Recent experiments have shown that spreading epithelial sheets exhibit a long-range coordination of motility forces that leads to a buildup of tension in the tissue, which may enhance cell division and the speed of wound healing. Furthermore, the edges of these epithelial sheets commonly show finger-like protrusions w...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1219937110
更新日期:2013-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::The intracellular pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium requires the mgtC gene to cause disease. The mgtC transcript includes a long leader region that harbors a short proline codon-rich ORF--termed mgtP--the translation of which is predicted to favor formation of one of two alternative stem-loop structures...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1316209111
更新日期:2014-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::Overlapping cDNAs derived from the chicken alpha-fibrinogen mRNA have been sequenced, beginning from within the coding region for the signal peptide of this subunit and terminating within the poly(A) extension. The predicted size of chicken alpha-fibrinogen is 54,187 daltons, which is the smallest of any alpha chain r...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.13.5198
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::GB virus B (GBV-B), which infects tamarins, is the virus most closely related to hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV has a protein (p7) that is believed to form an ion channel. It is critical for viability. In vitro studies suggest that GBV-B has an analogous but larger protein (p13). We found that substitutions of the -1 an...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2006-02-28 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1831413100
更新日期:2003-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::An electron microscopic study of somatic hybrids resulting from a cross between hamster melanoma cells harboring R-type particles and mouse fibroblasts harboring intracisternal A-type and (mostly) immature C-type particles was performed. The major findings are: (a) hybrid cells that retain a large fraction of both ham...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.11.4575
更新日期:1974-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose, one of the most important nutrients for animals, acts as a regulatory signal that controls the secretion of hormones, such as insulin, by endocrine tissues. However, how organisms respond to extracellular glucose and how glucose controls nutrient homeostasis remain unknown. Here, we show that a putative Droso...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0807833105
更新日期:2008-10-07 00:00:00
abstract::Lipoproteins are emulsion particles that consist of lipids and apolipoproteins. Their natural function is to transport lipids and/or cholesterol to different tissues. We have taken advantage of the hydrophobic interior of these natural emulsions to solubilize DNA. Negatively charged DNA was first complexed with cation...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.26.14547
更新日期:1997-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::The peroxidase-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of a linear aldehyde, leading to the next lower homologue in the triplet state, is accompanied by Norrish type II product ethylene when the substrate is pentanal. This system appears to provide an example of "photobiochemistry without light" because ethylene is a plant hormon...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.1.410
更新日期:1994-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Forests play a key role in the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems. One of the main uncertainties in global change predictions lies in how the spatiotemporal dynamics of forest productivity will be affected by climate warming. Here we show an increasing influence of climate on the spatial variability of tree grow...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1514717113
更新日期:2016-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::A transformation-defective mutant of Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV), called A-MuLV-P92td, has been isolated. The mutant encodes a serologically identifiable A-MuLV protein of molecular weight 92,000 (P92) but it lacks the ability to transform either fibroblasts or bone marrow lymphoid cells. In contrast to the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.8.4993
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spectra of the alpha, beta, and gamma forms of zinc monoarsanilazotyrosine-248 carboxypeptidase A are indistinguishable. At pH 8.2 their crystals are yellow, while their solutions are red, lambda(max) 510 nm. Absorption and circular dichroism-pH titrations of the modified zinc and apoenzymes demonstrate that the a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.7.2006
更新日期:1973-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::ROOT MERISTEM GROWTH FACTOR (RGF) 1 is an important peptide hormone that regulates root growth. Upon binding to its receptor, RGFR1, RGF1 regulates the expression of two transcription factors, PLETHORA 1 and 2 (PLT1/2), to influence root meristem development. Here, we show that the ubiquitin-specific proteases UBP12 a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1714177115
更新日期:2018-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrroline-carboxy-lysine (Pcl) is a demethylated form of pyrrolysine that is generated by the pyrrolysine biosynthetic enzymes when the growth media is supplemented with D-ornithine. Pcl is readily incorporated by the unmodified pyrrolysyl-tRNA/tRNA synthetase pair into proteins expressed in Escherichia coli and in ma...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1105197108
更新日期:2011-06-28 00:00:00
abstract::In adult rat testes, the blood-testis barrier (BTB) in the seminiferous epithelium must "open" (or "disassemble") to accommodate the migration of preleptotene spermatocytes from the basal to the adluminal compartment that occurs at stage VIII of the epithelial cycle. However, the molecule(s) and/or mechanism(s) that r...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0610100104
更新日期:2007-03-06 00:00:00