Abstract:
BACKGROUND:With increasing deregulation of prescription-only medicines and drive for self-care, pharmacists have greater scope to manage more conditions. This brings added responsibility to be competent healthcare professionals who deliver high quality evidence-based patient care. OBJECTIVE:This study sought to establish pharmacists' attitudes towards an evidence based approach for over-the-counter medication. SETTING:Pharmacists working in community pharmacies across Northern Ireland. METHOD:Following ethical approval, a pre-piloted, self-completed questionnaire was distributed to all community pharmacies in Northern Ireland (n = 529) in September 2008. The development of the questionnaire was largely informed by the findings of a previous qualitative study. It consisted of six sections (mainly closed questions) covering factors that influence decisions regarding over-the-counter medication, recently deregulated prescription-only medicines, medications that lack evidence of effectiveness, knowledge of evidence-based practice, evidence-based practice with over-the-counter medication and demographic information. On receipt of questionnaires, responses to the closed questions were imported into SPSS(®) (version 17.0) for analysis which largely took the form of descriptive statistics. Chi-square and the Mann-Whitney U test were used for association between responses and demographic information with an a priori level of less than 0.05 (P < 0.05) set as significant. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:Pharmacists' attitudes and opinions in relation to decision making about over-the-counter medication and evidence of effectiveness were measured. RESULTS:A 39.5% (209/529) response rate was achieved. Most pharmacists [191/208 (91.8%)] 'strongly agreed' or 'agreed' that safety was the over-riding concern when dealing with over-the-counter medication. While 88.3% (181/205) 'strongly agreed' or 'agreed' that they were familiar with the concept of evidence-based practice, only 38.0% (78/205) 'strongly agreed' or 'agreed' they knew how to critically appraise research papers. Furthermore, less than a quarter [49/205 (23.9%)] appeared to be familiar with the work of the Cochrane Collaboration. Most [188/207 (90.8%)] 'strongly agreed' or 'agreed' that regardless of evidence of effectiveness, cough medicines were an important management option. CONCLUSION:Safety was the primary concern when making decisions about over-the counter medicines. Pharmacists lacked knowledge of evidence-based practice and considered medicines which lacked evidence of effectiveness to have an important role in self-care. These factors present barriers to the widespread implementation of evidence-based practice.
journal_name
Int J Clin Pharmjournal_title
International journal of clinical pharmacyauthors
Hanna LA,Hughes CMdoi
10.1007/s11096-011-9586-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-02-01 00:00:00pages
63-71issue
1eissn
2210-7703issn
2210-7711journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The prevalence of diabetes in Jordan is among the highest in the world, making it a particularly alarming health problem there. It has been indicated that poor adherence to the prescribed therapy lead to poor glycemic control and enhance the development of diabetes complications and unnecessary hospitalizati...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-014-9938-5
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is widely acknowledged that patients-particularly those late in life-are frequently exposed to the harms of medication. To minimize these harms, several frameworks have been developed by which prescribing can be optimized. In the context of diminishing life expectancy, these frameworks can be used to reduce medicat...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-015-0148-6
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background In the Netherlands, a nationwide Medication Record System based on pharmacy dispensing data is used to obtain information about patients' actual medication use. However, it is not clear to what extent the information of the Nationwide Medication Record System corresponds to the medication information obtain...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-019-00839-x
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Research conducted in Jordan has shown that suboptimal use of medications by outpatients along with the suboptimal role played by community pharmacists is currently a big dilemma highlighting the need for the Home Medication Review (HMR) service in the country. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the prevalence and type...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-012-9713-4
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Computerised physician order entry (CPOE) and the integration of a pharmacist in clinical wards have been shown to prevent drug related problems (DRPs). OBJECTIVES:The primary objective was to make an inventory of the DRPs and resident pharmacist on-ward interventions (PIs) identified in a geriatric acute c...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-013-9821-9
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:A major UK Pharmacy chain private Chlamydia screening and treatment service began in October 2006. People pay for a screening kit, send off a urine sample, and are informed of their result directly. Treatment is accessed via the pharmacy chain or the National Health Service. We analysed data from the first 2 ...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-010-9460-3
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Sequential antimicrobial therapy is an important part of antimicrobial stewardship and intends to improve the timeliness of switch to oral antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the introduction of guidelines and criteria for switching to oral antimicrobials. SETTING:The study was...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-010-9475-9
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background Pharmacists are increasingly involved in patient care. This new role in a complex healthcare system with demanding patients may lead to moral dilemmas. There has been little research into pharmacy ethics, and existing data are limited by their retrospective nature and small sample sizes. A thematic overview...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-017-0561-0
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background Population-based studies investigating indications for antidepressant prescribing mostly rely on diagnoses from general practitioners. However, diagnostic codes might be incomplete and drugs may be prescribed 'off-label' for indications not investigated in clinical trials. Objective We aimed to study indica...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-016-0371-9
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:CASE:We report a 32-year old relapse case of Visceral leishmaniasis, treated with Paromomycin who belonged from a endemic zone of Bihar state, India. After confirmation, he was treated with Amphotericin B, followed by Liposomal Amphotericin B in full course and even in higher dose. But after each therapy, the patient e...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-011-9544-8
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background The direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) offer several advantages over warfarin in the management atrial fibrillation, including the provision of fixed dosing without a requirement for regular monitoring. Recently however the subject of DOAC monitoring has been probed after several post-hoc analyses demonstra...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-019-00830-6
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background Valproate is a widely prescribed antiepileptic drug for generalized epilepsies, due to the extensive knowledge on its efficacy since it is on the market for many decades. However, a large number of new antiepileptic medicines was introduced into clinical practice and may be better options for treatment, con...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1007/s11096-018-0641-9
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background Gram negative pathogens are increasingly resistant to commonly used first line antibiotics and colistin is in most cases the only medicine available. There is very limited information available comparing the effectiveness and costs of low versus high dose colistin with studies showing efficacy with both dos...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-018-0713-x
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background The New Medicines Service (NMS) was implemented in the United Kingdom in 2011 and first evaluated in 2014, showing 10% increase on adherence. Objective To assess community pharmacists' current practice, knowledge and confidence in supporting patients' adherence as part of the NMS for patients on Oral Anti-C...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-017-0529-0
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background Little is known about the extent of drug-related problems (DRPs) in community-dwelling older adult patients with chronic diseases in mainland China. Setting A medication therapy review service at a community health center in Chongqing, China. Objective To identify and categorize DRPs along with pharmacists'...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-017-0587-3
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Motor and non-motor symptoms seem to precede the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. Objective To evaluate the incidence of muscle relaxant use in community-dwelling persons with and without Parkinson's disease from 4 years before to 4 ...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-020-01002-7
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the prescribing pattern of antihypertensive drugs in outpatients with hypertension in a general hospital in central China and identify whether the pattern of prescribing is appropriate and in accordance with national and international guidelines for pharmacotherapy of hypertension. SETTING:The in...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-010-9476-8
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background Dose banding (DB) is a strategy to rationalise antineoplastic production at Hospital Pharmacy Aseptic Compounding Units (ACUs) and to reduce patient's waiting time. DB allows for optimizing workflows and workloads, facilitating adoption of new technologies, and increasing safety, quality and efficiency of t...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-018-0714-9
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Diabetes mellitus is a chronic progressive disease characterized by numerous health complications. Medication adherence is an important determinant of therapeutic outcome. Few studies on medication adherence have been published from the Arab countries. Therefore, the objective of this pilot study was to asse...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-011-9561-7
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background The leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast has been shown to rejuvenate aged brains in rats; however, data on humans are still scarce. Objective To investigate if montelukast may alleviate degenerative neurological changes using a register data. Setting Norwegian registry data analyses. Method The pres...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-020-01160-8
更新日期:2020-10-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The scope of pharmacist services for patients with pulmonary disease has primarily focused on drug related outcomes; however pharmacists have the ability to broaden the scope of clinical services by performing diagnostic testing including quality spirometry testing. Studies have demonstrated that pharmacists...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11096-015-0160-x
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic pain has become one of the most prevalent problems in primary care. The management of chronic pain is complex and often requires a multidisciplinary approach. The limited capacity of general practitioners to manage chronic pain and long waiting time for secondary care referrals further add to the complexity of...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-011-9591-1
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-014-0048-1
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s11096-011-9525-y
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients at risk of falling are regularly prescribed medicines which increase falls risk. Medication review is a widely advocated risk reduction strategy. OBJECTIVE:The objectives of this descriptive study were to determine the number and types of falls risk medicines suitable for intervention, and to devel...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-014-9980-3
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bridging the gap between hospital and primary care is important as transition from one healthcare setting to another increases the risk on drug-related problems and consequent readmissions. To reduce those risks, pharmacist interventions during and after hospitalization have been frequently studied, albeit with variab...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-015-0093-4
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Improper disposal of medications potentially poses a significant environmental risk and storage of expired and unused medications in households provides an increased risk of accidental childhood poisonings. OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to investigate the storage and disposal habits of medicatio...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-012-9652-0
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-015-0165-5
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type:
doi:10.1007/s11096-018-0759-9
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background There is a lack of data on the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) in community-dwelling older adults in China. Objective To assess the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication in community dwelling older adults in China and to investigate risk factors associated with the us...
journal_title:International journal of clinical pharmacy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11096-020-00980-y
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00