Abstract：
:Sixteen studies of the prevalence of autism in childhood, using epidemiological methods in defined populations in Europe, the USA and Japan, in English or with English summaries, were found in the published literature. Age specific rates varied from 3.3 to 16.0 per 10,000. Eight studies gave rates for a sub-group of 'typical' autism varying from 1.2 to 8.4. Reasons for variations were sought by examining geographic and demographic details of the populations screened, methods for initial screening and final examination of possibly autistic children, demographic and clinical details of children identified as autistic, and criteria used for diagnosis. There was evidence, independent of diagnostic criteria, of a higher prevalence among children of first generation immigrants to Europe from 'exotic' countries. Apart from this, all differences could be due to variations in diagnostic practice and increasing awareness of the manifestations of autistic conditions throughout the range of intelligence, from severely retarded to average and above. However, it remains possible, though not proven, that rates do vary over place and/or time. The problems of defining a sub-group with 'typical' autism among the wide spectrum of children with the triad of impairments of social interaction, communication and imagination are discussed and the value of such a sub-grouping questioned.
journal_name
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatryjournal_title
European child & adolescent psychiatryauthors
Wing Ldoi
10.1007/BF02098832subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-01-01 00:00:00pages
61-74issue
1eissn
1018-8827issn
1435-165Xjournal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Diagnostic categories of tic disorders include both transient and chronic tic disorders and Tourette's disorder. Changes for this group of disorders proposed for the forthcoming DSM-5 system include: (1) The term "stereotyped" will be eliminated in the definition of tics and the new definition will be applied consiste...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00787-012-0362-x
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the adult population, psychiatric disorders are associated with somatic illness. Explanatory life style factors have been found, but also a failure to recognize somatic illness in this group. Another factor is side effects from long-term use of antipsychotic drugs. Given the psychiatric-somatic comorbidity in the a...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-019-01313-9
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The case history, treatment and follow-up of a family sharing the same delusion are presented in this article. The characteristics of separation-individuation of this pathological condition and its treatment are discussed. ...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s007870170026
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Suicide in adolescents is the second most common cause of death in this age group and an important public health problem. We examined sociodemographic factors associated with suicide in Swiss adolescents and analysed time trends in youth suicide in the Swiss National Cohort (SNC). The SNC is a longitudinal study of th...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-017-1019-6
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The family environment in childhood has a strong effect on mental health outcomes throughout life. This effect is thought to depend at least in part on modifications of neurodevelopment trajectories. In this exploratory study, we sought to investigate whether a feasible resting-state fMRI metric of local spontaneous o...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-018-1240-y
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The school-based mental health promotion and suicide prevention universal program Youth Aware of Mental Health (YAM) significantly reduces incident suicide attempts and severe suicidal ideation. This paper aims at elucidating psychological mechanisms underlying YAM's efficacy. Our hypothesis is that YAM operates throu...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-020-01476-w
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The importance of paying attention to scale levels is emphasized and it is pointed out that Steven's hierarchy of ratio, interval, ordinal, and nominal scales is too narrow; other important scale properties have to be considered. For instance, sometimes a carefully constructed variable on a nominal scale contains more...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00538540
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite being home to a large population of vulnerable children there is a dearth of population-based evidence on childhood mental disorders in sub-Saharan Africa. Parent and child mental health are rarely measured concurrently, despite potential for confounding with other risk factors, including parental HIV. Using t...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-018-1146-8
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sydenham's chorea (SC) is characterized by motor, mainly choreic involuntary movements, and psychiatric symptoms, including anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders. Symptoms of SC may be considered as the result of basal ganglia dysfunction determined by autoimmune mecha...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-006-0566-z
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Socioeconomic disadvantage has been linked to mental health difficulties in children and adolescents, although many children appear to do well despite exposure to financial adversity in childhood. Our study looked at the effects of family financial difficulty on children's mental health outcomes (n = 636) at 4-5 years...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s00787-019-01348-y
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Difficulties imitating gestures have been found in several studies in children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). It has been hypothesized that imitation abilities might be precursors of language abilities in young children with autism. No study on imitation and language abilities in ado...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-006-0533-8
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study is to investigate whether in addition to established early risk factors other, less studied pre-, peri-, and postnatal influences, like gestational hypertension or neonatal respiratory disorders and infections, may increase a child's risk of developing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders (A...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s00787-017-0966-2
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Service comparison is a policy priority but is not without controversy. This paper aims to investigate the amount of service-level variation in outcomes in child mental health, whether it differed when examining outcomes unadjusted vs. adjusted for expected change over time, and which patient-level characteristics wer...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-016-0939-x
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The functional Val158Met COMT polymorphism appears to affect a host of behaviours mediated by the pre-frontal cortex, and has been found associated to the risk for disruptive behaviours including ADHD. Parental socioeconomic status (SES) has also been reported as a predictor for the same childhood disorders. In a gene...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-009-0080-1
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared the predictability of the behaviour of hyperactive children with that of aggressive children, combined hyperactive/aggressive children and normal children. Detailed behaviour measurements relating to each child and an experimenter were recorded during playroom session. Predictability was expressed in infor...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00571673
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anorexia nervosa (AN) is frequently associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive behavior which also develop secondary to semistarvation. It is less certain if these symptoms persist after recovery. A few studies have already reported on high prevalence rates of anxious, depressive, and ob...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-005-0431-5
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aims at determining serum levels of tryptophan and other metabolites of the kynurenine pathway in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared to healthy controls. Such metabolites interact with glutamate receptors in the central nervous system, potentially modulating mechanisms th...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-017-1002-2
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To develop an evidence base for using antipsychotic medications for schizophrenia in children and adolescents. METHOD:Data sources were identified in PsychINFO (1872-2003), MEDLINE (1966-2003), and articles in reference lists. Study selection criteria: (1) treatment with antipsychotics; (2) ages were betwee...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1007/s00787-005-0515-2
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence rates of probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression and to explore potential risk factors among child and adolescent survivors 1 year following the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. 3052 participants were administered the Child PTSD Symptom Scale, the ...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-013-0400-3
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parent-mediated intervention is widely used for pre-schoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous studies indicate small-to-moderate effects on social communication skills, but with a wide heterogeneity that requires further research. In this randomized controlled trial (RCT), cooperative parent-mediated the...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00787-019-01395-5
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nine people from the high functioning end of the autistic spectrum and eight non-handicapped controls matched on verbal IQ were given two tests of second-order false belief understanding. On the basis of previous research, it was hypothesised that the subjects with autism used different mechanisms to process mental st...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00538988
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have demonstrated that many children with conduct problems (CP) also show internalising psychopathology (IP). However, it remains unclear whether the presence of IP serves as a protective or risk factor for the severity and development of CP. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence a...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-011-0229-6
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The European Union member states received about 385,000 asylum applications from children and adolescents below 18 years in 2015, and 398,000 in 2016. The latest political crises and war have led to an upsurge in refugee movements into European countries, giving rise to a re-evaluation of the epidemiology of psychiatr...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-018-1215-z
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A substantial proportion of adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) do not appropriately adhere to prescribed treatments, especially to pharmacological treatments. It is important to disentangle the specific attitudes that contribute to treatment adherence. A 33-item questionnaire was applied ...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-012-0277-6
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the investigation was to detect neuropsychological markers, such as sustained and selective attention and executive functions, which contribute to the vulnerability to schizophrenia especially in young persons. Performance was assessed in 32 siblings and children of schizophrenic patients and 32 matched con...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-006-0547-2
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research consistently chronicles a variety of mental health difficulties that plague institutionally reared children, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), even if not all institutionalized children evince such problems. In seeking to extend work in this area, this research on gene × environment (...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-016-0890-x
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is a relatively uncommon event that children find themselves in a situation with a parent who undergoes a transition from one sex to another. Unlike situations of divorce or a parent with a medical or major psychiatric disorder, it is unlikely that the children will know of other children who encounter similar situ...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-006-0591-y
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While parental psychological distress is a commonly examined risk factor in the development and maintenance of child's emotional and behavioral problems, there is an incomplete understanding of the unique contribution of the father. The current study examines whether paternal psychological distress (i.e., depression, ...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-020-01613-5
更新日期：2020-08-09 00:00:00
abstract：:This study compared the neuropsychological test profiles of non-mentally retarded girls and boys consecutively referred to a neuropsychiatric clinic and those of contrast cases of girls from mainstream classrooms of one Göteborg school district. To avoid overreliance on the male prototype with regard to diagnostic cri...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s007870070041
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the current situation of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (CAP) training in European countries. In addition, current agenda of different organizations in order to harmonize the training across Europe are reported. METHOD:In order to collect data for this descriptive documentation on CAP trainin...
journal_title：European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00787-006-0599-3
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
