Can data from primary care medical records be used to monitor national smoking prevalence?

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to examine disease concurrence, using diabetes mellitus as an ullustrative example. DESIGN:The study involved a general practice morbidity survey, conducted over 12 months in 1981-82. All patients who consulted their general practitioners with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (type 1 or typ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Fleming DM,Crombie DL,Cross KW

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To explore risk factors for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OAK) in women, which included wearing high heeled shoes. DESIGN:Matched case-control study. Exposure information obtained by interview, included details about past footwear. Self reported weight and height data obtained representing when wome...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Dawson J,Juszczak E,Thorogood M,Marks SA,Dodd C,Fitzpatrick R

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To test the validity of proxy measures of household wealth and income that can be readily implemented in health surveys in rural Africa. DESIGN:Data are drawn from four different integrated household surveys. The assumptions underlying the choice of wealth proxy are described, and correlations with the...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Morris SS,Carletto C,Hoddinott J,Christiaensen LJ

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In addition to conventional indicators of socioeconomic position, material conditions such as economic difficulties are associated with mental health. However, there has been little investigation of these associations. This study aims to examine the association of current economic difficulties with common me...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Laaksonen E,Martikainen P,Lallukka T,Lahelma E,Ferrie J,Rahkonen O,Marmot M,Head J

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:Micronutrient deficiencies have become rare in industrialised countries as availability of fresh food, supplementation, and fortification have improved but a less favourable situation may still prevail in many developing countries. Blood thiamin status and determinants were therefore investigated in the...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Bovet P,Larue D,Fayol V,Paccaud F

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Longitudinal data were used to explore relations between teenage pregnancy, sexual behaviour, and family type. The study examined whether students from lone parent and/or teenage mother initiated families more commonly report sex, lack of contraception at first sex, and/or conceptions by age 15/16, and wheth...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Bonell C,Allen E,Strange V,Oakley A,Copas A,Johnson A,Stephenson J

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Low socioeconomic status (SES) has been linked to increased risk of hypertension, a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. How the risk is altered by intergenerational social mobility is not well known. The aim of this study is to investigate parental SES, adult SES and the intergenerational social mo...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Högberg L,Cnattingius S,Lundholm C,Sparén P,Iliadou AN

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We estimated the contribution of smoking to educational differences in mortality and life expectancy between 1971 and 2010 in Finland. METHODS:Eight prospective datasets with baseline in 1970, 1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005 and each linked to a 5-year mortality follow-up were used. We calculate...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Martikainen P,Ho JY,Preston S,Elo IT

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although long working hours have been shown to be associated with the onset of cardiometabolic diseases, the clinical risk factor profile associated with long working hours remains unclear. We compared the clinical risk profile between people who worked long hours and those who reported being never exposed t...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Virtanen M,Magnusson Hansson L,Goldberg M,Zins M,Stenholm S,Vahtera J,Westerlund H,Kivimäki M

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:HIV incidence estimates are crucial in understanding and predicting the HIV/AIDS epidemic and identifying sub-populations and regions most at risk for the epidemic. However, incidence estimation is a challenge due to the nature of the disease and type of data available. This paper aims to present a simple an...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Rajan SS,Sokal D

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To evaluate whether cognitive performance in childhood is an early determinant of adult illness. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study covering over 30 years. SETTING:Providence, Rhode Island, USA. PARTICIPANTS:633 people ages 30-39 followed up since birth as part of the Providence cohort of the national c...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Martin LT,Fitzmaurice GM,Kindlon DJ,Buka SL

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In observational studies, mainly from Western Caucasian populations, moderate alcohol use has been shown to be associated with a lower risk of diabetes. However, whether the protection is due to the attributes of alcohol or to those of moderate alcohol users is difficult to disentangle. A population with a d...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Schooling CM,Jiang CQ,Lam TH,Zhang WS,Cheng KK,Leung GM

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Social features of neighbourhood environments may influence smoking by creating a stressful environment or by buffering stress through social cohesion. However, the association of the overall neighbourhood social environment (NSE) with smoking, and the association of specific neighbourhood social factors wit...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Mayne SL,Auchincloss AH,Moore KA,Michael YL,Tabb LP,Echeverria SE,Diez Roux AV

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although being employed during midlife is positively associated with cognitive function in later life, little is known with respect to cumulative trajectories or durations of time spent in different kinds of work. METHODS:We investigated the relationships between employment trajectory from ages 31 years to ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Kobayashi LC,Feldman JM

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:Examine the association between county occupational structure, services availability, prevalence of risk factors, and coronary mortality rates by sex, for 1980-96, in New York state. DESIGN:New York's 62 counties were classified into three occupational structure categories; counties with the lowest per...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Armstrong DL,Strogatz D,Wang R

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the relative influence of area of residence on mortality risk along the life course in different age groups and to see if this differs for causes known to be related differently to various models of the life course. METHODS:Individual data from the Censuses in 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990 from Oslo, ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Naess O,Claussen B,Smith GD,Leyland AH

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Many youth deaths occur in the first year of life, from prematurity and anomalies. Detailing mortality after age 1 year may differentially guide preventive strategies in children, adolescents and young adults. METHODS:A cohort study in Ontario, Canada comprised 3 139 698 children born from 1990 to 2016. Adj...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Ray JG,Guttmann A,Silveira J,Park AL

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic diseases are now a major health problem in developing countries as well as in the developed world. Although chronic diseases cannot be communicated from person to person, their risk factors (for example, smoking, inactivity, dietary habits) are readily transferred around the world. With increasing hu...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Choi BC,McQueen DV,Puska P,Douglas KA,Ackland M,Campostrini S,Barceló A,Stachenko S,Mokdad AH,Granero R,Corber SJ,Valleron AJ,Skinner HA,Potemkina R,Lindner MC,Zakus D,de Salazar LM,Pak AW,Ansari Z,Zevallos JC,Gon

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:High intelligence early in life has consistently been associated with decreased mortality, but the mechanisms are still not fully understood. In this cohort study, we examined the association between intelligence in early adulthood and later mortality from natural and unnatural causes taking birth weight, pa...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Meincke RH,Mortensen EL,Avlund K,Rosthøj S,Sørensen HJ,Osler M

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to examine the relationship between exposure to occupational risk factors during working life and physical disability after retirement. DESIGN:The study was a cross sectional epidemiological survey of a representative sample of retired subjects belonging to a supplementary pension fund in t...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Cassou B,Derriennic F,Iwatsubo Y,Amphoux M

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to estimate the likely burden of cervical cancer in New Zealand over the next two decades, according to whether cervical screening services are made more effective. DESIGN:The study was based on national mortality and incidence data for the periods 1954-87 and 1954-86, respectively. An age-...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Cox B,Skegg DC

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Asylum seekers are assumed to be a vulnerable group with respect to sexual and reproductive health. The objective of this study was to quantify induced abortion and teenage birth indicators for this group. METHODS:The population comprised all female asylum seekers aged 15-49 in The Netherlands between Septe...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Goosen S,Uitenbroek D,Wijsen C,Stronks K

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Interest in the effects of neighbourhood or local area social characteristics on health has increased in recent years, but to date the existing evidence has not been systematically reviewed. Multilevel or contextual analyses of social factors and health represent a possible reconciliation between two divergent ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Pickett KE,Pearl M

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In India, excess female under-5 mortality is well documented. Under-5 mortality is also known to be patterned by socioeconomic factors. This study examines sex differentials and sex-specific wealth gradients in neonatal, postneonatal and child mortality in India. METHODS:Repeated cross-sectional study of na...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Karlsson O,Kim R,Joe W,Subramanian SV

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Literacy, the ability to access, understand and utilise information and concepts from diverse sources in ways that promote good outcomes is key to successful ageing. Domain-specific health and financial literacy are particularly relevant to older adults as they face increasingly complex health and financial ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Lamar M,Wilson RS,Yu L,James BD,Stewart CC,Bennett DA,Boyle PA

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Life expectancy at birth in Spain improved between 1972 and 1982, by 2.5 years for males and 3.2 years for females. This slowed considerably in the following decade, with increases of only 0.5 and 1.7 years respectively. OBJECTIVE:To determine the causes of death that have been responsible for the failure b...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Chenet L,McKee M,Otero A,Ausin I

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The world is increasingly shaped by powerful global forces, many of which have consequences for human health and the social, economic, and environmental factors that influence health are increasingly determined at a supranational level. As a result, local or national level efforts to influence health determinants can ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： McKee M,Gilmore AB,Schwalbe N

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A statistical analysis combines data with assumptions to yield a quantitative result that is a function of both. One goal of an epidemiological analysis, then, should be to combine data with good assumptions. Unfortunately, a typical quantitative epidemiological analysis combines data with an assumption for which ther...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Maldonado G

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains a major public health issue. Several studies have found that an increased level of ambient particulate matter (PM) smaller than 2.5 microns (PM2.5) is associated with an increased risk of OHCA. We investigated the relationship between air pollution levels and the...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Straney L,Finn J,Dennekamp M,Bremner A,Tonkin A,Jacobs I

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A study of the elderly living in the community and in institutional care in the Leeds Metropolitan District is outlined. Four populations of persons aged 65 and over were examined: those living in their own homes; in sheltered housing; in social services aged persons' hostels (Part III accommodation); and in hospitals...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： McDonnell H,Long AF,Harrison BJ,Oldman C

更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00