Abstract:
STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to examine disease concurrence, using diabetes mellitus as an ullustrative example. DESIGN:The study involved a general practice morbidity survey, conducted over 12 months in 1981-82. All patients who consulted their general practitioners with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2) were identified and the number of these who consulted with additional morbidities were counted for each rubric of the Royal College of General Practitioners' modification of the International Classification of Disease. These observed numbers were then compared with expected numbers calculated from the total non-diabetic population after standardisation by age. Standardised person consulting ratios (SPCR) were derived and the 99% confidence intervals (CI) surrounding these values calculated. SETTING:This was a national survey involving the whole of England and Wales. PATIENTS:The study involved 280,000 patients from selected general practices, of whom 953 males and 1035 females consulted their general practitioners with diabetes. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:In an examination of 80 disease rubrics in the diabetic population in which there were at least 20 observed or expected cases, there were 34 among males and 28 among females in which there were increased values of the SPCR, and none in which the SPCR was decreased. SPCRs were high for infections generally (bacterial, fungal, and viral) and particularly so for cardiovascular disorders and for hypothyroidism in males. Though SPCRs for upper respiratory infections were increased, those for asthma and hay fever were not. SPCRs for neoplasms as a group were not raised. CONCLUSION:By confirming other work and widely held clinical opinion, this study has shown the potential of this data base for the examination of disease concurrence.
journal_name
J Epidemiol Community Healthjournal_title
Journal of epidemiology and community healthauthors
Fleming DM,Crombie DL,Cross KWdoi
10.1136/jech.45.1.73subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-03-01 00:00:00pages
73-7issue
1eissn
0143-005Xissn
1470-2738journal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To estimate the incidence of occupational asthma seen by respiratory and occupational physicians in the UK in 1989 and 1990. DESIGN:New cases of occupational asthma were taken from a national reporting scheme, the Surveillance of Work-related and Occupational Respiratory Disease Project (SWORD). Estima...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.47.6.459
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mortality, incidence of most diseases, and prevalence of adverse health behaviours follow an inverse gradient with social class. Many proxies for socioeconomic status (SES) exist; however, each bears a different relation to health outcomes, probably following a different aetiological pathway. Additionally, d...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.084723
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/jech-2020-214691
更新日期:2020-11-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To perform the first European overview of educational inequalities in the use of blood pressure and cholesterol screening. METHODS:Data were obtained on the use of screening services according to educational level from nationally representative cross-sectional surveys in Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Es...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2011-200273
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyse in the general population the prevalence and predictors of symptomatology consistent with post-traumatic stress disorder (S-PTSD) 18 months after an industrial explosion. DESIGN:Cross-sectional survey. PARTICIPANTS AND OUTCOME MEASURES:A random sample of 1191 city inhabitants, including an oversa...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
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doi:10.1136/jech.2006.057273
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the relative admission rates of Asian and non-Asian patients to intensive therapy units (ITUs) in Coventry and to explore the implications of these rates for the transplantation of organs to Asian people. DESIGN:Examination of 1991 census data and a retrospective review of ITU admissions books. ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.50.4.447
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This paper aims at assessing the effectiveness of the package of road safety measures implemented after road safety was included in the political agenda in the year 2004 on the number of road traffic-injured people in Spain. METHODS:An evaluation study was performed using an interrupted time-series design. ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2009.094029
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To estimate ethnic and socioeconomic differences in breast cancer incidence and survival between South Asians and non-South Asians in England and Wales, and to provide a baseline for surveillance of cancer survival in South Asians, the largest ethnic minority. SETTING:115 712 women diagnosed with firs...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2004.030965
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Records in the obstetric wards and nurseries of 18 hospitals were reviewed and studied epidemiologically, covering about 210,000 deliveries and 1000 cases of neural tube defects (NTD). All live and still births occurred in the period 1970-84. Following the NTD classification used by Koch (1984), our case series consis...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.41.3.259
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
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更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/jech-2015-207000
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.50.6.683
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the impact of childhood and adulthood socioeconomic position (SEP) across 20 causes of death in a large population-wide sample of Norwegian men and women. METHODS:Census data on parental occupational class from 1960 and data from the tax register on household income in 1990 were linked to the death...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2006.052811
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mortality increases during heat waves have been reported worldwide. The magnitude of these increases can vary within regions according to sociodemographic and urban landscape characteristics. The objectives of this study were to explore this variation and its determinants, and to identify the most heat-vulne...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2012-201899
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To examine the impact of non-fatal war related injuries on physical disability in a group of war wounded civilians and to assess their needs. DESIGN:Cross sectional study. Home interviews were conducted using a structured interview schedule around one month after the injury, to assess impairments, disa...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
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doi:10.1136/jech.54.1.35
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to estimate the health and social costs of tobacco use in Ontario, Canada. DESIGN:This was a cost-benefit analysis based on cross sectional data in 1988, stratified by age and sex, using an attributable risk model. The total cost of the consequences of tobacco use in the society includ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.50.1.81
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cohort of 6168 schizophrenic patients was followed from 1957 to 1984 to determine the incidence of cancer in these patients. In the male schizophrenic patients the incidence of cancer was found to be significantly reduced in comparison with the general Danish population. This reduction was especially marked for canc...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.43.1.43
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An ecological perspective on health emphasises both individual and contextual systems and the interdependent relations between the two. Origins of this approach have emanated from multiple disciplines over the past century or more. This article provides a glossary of perspectives, processes, and settings that pertain ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2003.018044
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether occupational social class and area deprivation are independently associated with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) conditions after adjustment for smoking status. DESIGN:Stratified multistage random sample analysed using multilevel logistic regression. PARTICIPANTS:8804 a...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2005.034017
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In addition to conventional indicators of socioeconomic position, material conditions such as economic difficulties are associated with mental health. However, there has been little investigation of these associations. This study aims to examine the association of current economic difficulties with common me...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:This study examined the prevalence of body dissatisfaction as a function of individual level and neighbourhood level indicators of affluence. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING:A subset of data from a larger random digit dialling telephone survey was used to obtain individual level data on body dissatisfaction, ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
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doi:10.1136/jech.56.3.193
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.086074
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between 1975 and 1 April 1986, public transport by bus in the metropolitan county of South Yorkshire, England, was increasingly subsidised. Trends in road traffic accident casualties between 1974 and 1983 in all the six provincial English metropolitan counties have been compared in order to examine the possible effect...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.41.1.50
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A statistical analysis combines data with assumptions to yield a quantitative result that is a function of both. One goal of an epidemiological analysis, then, should be to combine data with good assumptions. Unfortunately, a typical quantitative epidemiological analysis combines data with an assumption for which ther...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2007.063909
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
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doi:10.1136/jech-2019-212283
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:Most studies of place effects on health have followed the multilevel analytical approach that investigates geographical variations of health phenomena by fragmenting space into arbitrary areas. This study examined whether analysing geographical variations across continuous space with spatial modelling t...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2004.025478
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Identifying children at risk of poor developmental outcomes remains a challenge, but is important for better targeting children who may benefit from additional support. We explored whether data routinely collected in early life predict which children will have language disability, overweight/obesity or behav...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2018-211028
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Diagnosis of cancer through emergency presentation is associated with poorer prognosis. While reductions in emergency presentations have been described, whether known sociodemographic inequalities are changing is uncertain. METHODS:We analysed 'Routes to Diagnosis' data on patients aged ≥25 years diagnosed ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/jech-2017-210371
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate variation between small areas in the levels of walking, cycling, jogging, and swimming and overall physical activity and the importance of area level socioeconomic disadvantage in predicting physical activity participation. METHODS:All census collector districts (CCDs) in the 20 innermost local g...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retrospective questionnaire and interview study of 10 year survivors of uncomplicated myocardial infarction examined smoking, diet, exercise, weight, medication, and treatment since discharge from hospital in 1973-4 and made comparisons with controls (using the same questionnaire) and with normal populations (as rep...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.40.2.103
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00