Socioeconomic gradients in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in Scotland: the roles of composition and context.

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To analyse time trends in overweight and obesity from 1991 to 2000 in samples of German children and to test the hypothesis of a trend difference between the samples from East and West Germany during this time period. DESIGN:Repeated cross-sectional studies using data of 35,434 five to seven-year-old childre...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Apfelbacher CJ,Cairns J,Bruckner T,Möhrenschlager M,Behrendt H,Ring J,Krämer U

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Records in the obstetric wards and nurseries of 18 hospitals were reviewed and studied epidemiologically, covering about 210,000 deliveries and 1000 cases of neural tube defects (NTD). All live and still births occurred in the period 1970-84. Following the NTD classification used by Koch (1984), our case series consis...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Lian ZH,Yang HY,Li Z

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been claimed that the aggregation of information from several areas of life into a small set of global measures has certain advantages for describing disability. Global measures of disability were constructed from a modified version of an existing health survey instrument and the sickness impact profile (SIP) a...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Charlton JR,Patrick DL,Peach H

更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Efforts to end preventable newborn deaths will fail if the poor are not reached with effective interventions. To understand what works to reach vulnerable groups, we describe and explain the uptake of a highly effective community-based newborn health intervention across social strata in Asia and Africa. MET...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Houweling TA,Morrison J,Alcock G,Azad K,Das S,Hossen M,Kuddus A,Lewycka S,Looman CW,Magar BB,Manandhar DS,Akter M,Dube AL,Rath S,Saville N,Sen A,Tripathy P,Costello A,EquiNaM group.

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The study aimed to examine the concurrence in the variation of monthly numbers of deaths in summer and winter from the four main underlying causes - respiratory, circulatory, neoplastic, and all others - in four countries. In particular, the hypothesis that most non-respiratory concurrent deaths are mis...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Crombie DL,Fleming DM,Cross KW,Lancashire RJ

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Financial strain is associated with earlier disability and mortality, but causal links are underexplored, partly because it is unethical to randomise people to financial stress. This study leverages naturally occurring random variation in days since monthly Social Security payment arrival among older adults ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Samuel L,Szanton SL,Fedarko NS,Simonsick EM

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:No clear synthesis of evidence examining household and area-level social determinants of multimorbidity exists. This study aimed to systematically review the existing literature on associations between household and area-level social determinants of health (SDoH) and multimorbidity prevalence or incidence in...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Ingram E,Ledden S,Beardon S,Gomes M,Hogarth S,McDonald H,Osborn DP,Sheringham J

更新日期：2020-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Social paediatrics is an approach to child health that focuses on the child, in illness and in health, within the context of their society, environment, school, and family. The glossary clarifies the range of terms used to describe aspects of paediatric practice that overlap or are subsumed under social paediatrics an...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Spencer N,Colomer C,Alperstein G,Bouvier P,Colomer J,Duperrex O,Gokcay G,Julien G,Kohler L,Lindström B,Macfarlane A,Mercer R,Panagiotopoulos T,Schulpen T

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:As the worldwide population has aged, the number of surgical procedures performed on older patients has increased. It is not known whether this increase has been proportional to growth in the elderly population. The aim of this study was to assess the population-adjusted incidence of acute and elective gener...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Deng C,Mitchell S,Paine SJ,Kerse N

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Using common alcohol consumption categories, to conduct a pooled analysis of six ongoing large-scale cohort studies in Japan in order to produce concrete estimates of the quantitative contribution of alcohol consumption to all-cause and major causes of mortality in the Japanese population. METHODS:Of the 30...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Inoue M,Nagata C,Tsuji I,Sugawara Y,Wakai K,Tamakoshi A,Matsuo K,Mizoue T,Tanaka K,Sasazuki S,Tsugane S,Research Group for the Development and Evaluation of Cancer Prevention Strategies in Japan.

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are complex mixtures of persistent contaminants that are widespread in the environment. Newborns are exposed across the placenta and through breast feeding. Experimental animal studies have indicated that PCBs are neurotoxic. The neurological effects of these compounds on chi...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Ribas-Fitó N,Sala M,Kogevinas M,Sunyer J

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The effect of modifying lifestyle at middle age on mortality has been sparsely examined. METHODS:Men and women aged 50-54 years randomised to the control group (no intervention) in the population-based Norwegian Colorectal Cancer Prevention trial were asked to fill in lifestyle questionnaires in 2001 and 20...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Berstad P,Botteri E,Larsen IK,Løberg M,Kalager M,Holme Ø,Bretthauer M,Hoff G

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to identify any social class differences in health and care in the year before death emerging from a wider study of life before death. DESIGN AND SETTING:Data were collected at interviews, mainly of close relatives, with those who knew most about the people's lives in the year before they d...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Cartwright A

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Mental distress may entail increased risk of hip fracture, but it is uncertain whether the effect consists solely of an indirect effect through use of medication, or whether it is also mediated through other mechanism. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between mental distress and risk o...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Forsén L,Meyer HE,Søgaard AJ,Naess S,Schei B,Edna TH

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Little is known about the long-term consequences of sickness presence (ie, going to work despite ill-health), although one study suggests an association with coronary heart disease. This study examined the effect of sickness presence on future long-term sickness absence. METHODS:Information from a random sa...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Hansen CD,Andersen JH

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data from the United Kingdom on childhood leukaemia and childhood cancer in twins and from the United States on leukaemia in twins are analysed by a new method. The method distinguishes determinants occurring before the stage of pregnancy corresponding with the cleavage of MZ pairs, from determinants occurring after t...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Knox EG,Marshall T,Barling R

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Little is known about how diet-related and activity-related amenities relate to residential location behaviour. Understanding these relationships is essential for addressing residential self-selection bias. METHODS:Using 25 years (6 examinations) of data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Ad...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Rummo PE,Guilkey DK,Shikany JM,Reis JP,Gordon-Larsen P

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seroconversion to hepatitis A virus was studied in a sub sample of 802 Israeli military recruits (611 men and 191 women) who were taking part in a randomised controlled trial of pre-exposure immune serum globulin (ISG) for the prevention of viral hepatitis. On intake into the service 35% of the men and 47% of the wome...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Kark JD,Bar-Shany S,Shor S,Merlinski L,Nili E

更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In the context of fiscal austerity in many European welfare states, policy innovation often takes the form of 'social investment', a contested set of policies aimed at strengthening labour markets. Social investment policies include employment subsidies, skills training and job-finding services, early childh...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Morris KA,Beckfield J,Bambra C

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It has been hypothesised that dehydration in infancy could permanently increase sodium retention, raising blood pressure in later life. In this study, the association between gastrointestinal tract infection in infancy, a clinically relevant exposure often accompanied by dehydration, and raised blood pressur...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Martin RM,Kramer MS,Dahhou M,Platt RW,Patel R,Bogdanovich N,Matush L,Davey Smith G,Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT) Study Group.

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:Northern Ireland has the highest standardised mortality ratios for colon cancer in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland has some of the highest mortality rates for cancer in the world. The aim of the study therefore was to investigate trends in colorectal cancer in the north and south of Irela...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Kee F,Patterson C,Collins B

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much of the recent controversy surrounding the relation between fetal death and pregnancy order has centred around the appropriateness of different types of analyses. In the present paper the interpretation of various methods are discussed with reference to "real" and "hypothetical" data. The pattern of results obtain...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Roman E

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:Examine trends in home smoking restrictions among employed women not living alone and assess the associations of such restrictions with smoking behaviour. DESIGN:Multivariate logistic regression analysis of major demographic variables and household composition characteristics. STUDY PARTICIPANTS:128 0...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Shopland DR,Anderson CM,Burns DM

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Identifying children at risk of poor developmental outcomes remains a challenge, but is important for better targeting children who may benefit from additional support. We explored whether data routinely collected in early life predict which children will have language disability, overweight/obesity or behav...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Straatmann VS,Pearce A,Hope S,Barr B,Whitehead M,Law C,Taylor-Robinson D

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To quantify the eventual extra loss of life incurred to cancer patients in Estonia compared with those in Sweden that was possibly attributable to differences in society. DESIGN:Population based survival of cancer patients in Estonia was compared with that of Estonian immigrants to Sweden and that of all can...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Nilsson B,Gustavson-Kadaka E,Hakulinen T,Aareleid T,Rahu M,Dyba T,Rotstein S

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This paper aims to assess whether 7-year-olds' physical activity is associated with family and area-level measures of the physical and socioeconomic environments. METHODS:We analysed the association of environments with physical activity in 6497 singleton children from the UK Millennium Cohort Study with re...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Pouliou T,Sera F,Griffiths L,Joshi H,Geraci M,Cortina-Borja M,Law C

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Factors affecting the attendance at primary health care clinics in Lagos were studied at Oguntolu Clinic and Randle Road Health Centre among 120 Nigerian children. The level of immunisation was a measure of the frequency (regularity) of attendance at the clinics. Certain socioeconomic, psychological, and demographic f...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Akesode FA

更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Evidence of a link between sexual violence and HIV is growing; however, studies among children are scarce. The authors sought to characterise child sexual abuse in Harare, Zimbabwe, and explore its links with HIV and orphanhood. METHODS:Records for new clients attending a child sexual abuse clinic from July...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Birdthistle IJ,Floyd S,Mwanasa S,Nyagadza A,Gwiza E,Glynn JR

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:Examine the association between county occupational structure, services availability, prevalence of risk factors, and coronary mortality rates by sex, for 1980-96, in New York state. DESIGN:New York's 62 counties were classified into three occupational structure categories; counties with the lowest per...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Armstrong DL,Strogatz D,Wang R

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Several studies have examined the effects of sample selection on the exposure-outcome association estimates in cohort studies, but the reasons why this selection may induce bias have not been fully explored. AIMS:To investigate how sample selection of the web-based NINFEA birth cohort may change the confoun...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Pizzi C,De Stavola BL,Pearce N,Lazzarato F,Ghiotti P,Merletti F,Richiardi L

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00