Abstract:
BACKGROUND:There is no consensus as to the best method to assess glycemic variability from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data. Rate of change has been suggested as a preferred method of assessing glycemic variability, but this assertion has not been validated. METHODS:Forty-eight hours of CGM data were analyzed from 22 subjects (seven controls and 15 with type 1 diabetes) purposively sampled to reflect a range of glycemic variability. SD, mean amplitude of glycemic excursion, continuous overall net glycemic action, SD of rate of change (SDRC), and average absolute rate of change (AARC) were calculated and correlated with a clinical assessment of variability. SDRC and AARC were recalculated following a data smoothing process involving aggregation. RESULTS:SDRC calculated from non-aggregated glucose readings gives a weaker correlation (r = 0.66) with the clinical assessment of variability than the correlations obtained by other indices (r = 0.90-0.96). Following a process of data aggregation, to exclude clinically insignificant fluctuations of blood glucose, we demonstrated that 60 min was the optimal aggregation period. The correlation between clinical assessment of variability and SDRC, 60-min aggregated, is 0.93, which is comparable to correlations shown by other established indices. Similar results are obtained for AARC. CONCLUSIONS:Rate of change calculated after appropriate data aggregation is a valid index of glycemic variability. Optimal data aggregation is achieved by aggregating into 1-h blocks.
journal_name
Diabetes Technol Therjournal_title
Diabetes technology & therapeuticsauthors
Whitelaw BC,Choudhary P,Hopkins Ddoi
10.1089/dia.2010.0215subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-06-01 00:00:00pages
631-6issue
6eissn
1520-9156issn
1557-8593journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Hyperglycemia occurs commonly in patients admitted to medical intensive care units (MICUs). Whether real-time (RT) continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) improves glycemic control and variability and reduces hypoglycemia in severely ill MICU patients with an Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Eva...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/dia.2015.0151
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Insulin therapy induces remission in subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study assessed the insulin and C-peptide levels in newly diagnosed T2DM subjects during low-dose insulin therapy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:Twenty newly diagnosed, drug-naive, T2DM patients without acute or chronic ...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2010.0187
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technologies report measurements of interstitial glucose concentration every 5 min. CGM technologies have the potential to be utilized for prediction of prospective glucose concentrations with subsequent optimization of glycemic control. This article outlines a feed-forwar...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2010.0104
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:: Background: The financial strain of type 1 diabetes on the United States health care system, patients, and employers underscores the importance of developing novel treatments for the disease. This study estimated the lifetime economic burden attributable to type 1 diabetes...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2019.0398
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The World Wide Web now hosts a multitude of diabetes educational materials in various formats. Of particular interest is the diabetes/insulin tutorial available at the AIDA Website (accessible directly at: www.2aida.info). The tutorial combines textual or "static" information with an interactive diabetes simulator-AID...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2006.8.126
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Glucose variability has been identified as a predictor of hypoglycemia and has been associated with mortality in critically ill patients without diabetes. A popular metric to quantify glucose variability is the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE). The "ruler and pencil" approach to calculate MAGE is...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2013.0138
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Different reference methods are used for the accuracy assessment of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems. The effect of using venous, arterialized-venous, or capillary reference measurements on CGM accuracy is unclear. METHODS:We evaluated 21 individuals with type 1 diabetes using a capillary calibra...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/dia.2017.0189
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to develop predictive formulas for precise insulin dosing in young children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Consecutive 1-year data from a group of 14 young patients (eight girls, six boys) 3.9 ± 0.8 years old with diabetes duration of 2.0 ± 0.8 years, transit...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2011.0184
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is becoming increasingly acknowledged that people with Type 2 Diabetes represent what can be termed "an enriched population": a group that has the greatest risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarcts and strokes. Due to the tremendous toll, both human and financial, that...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/15209150050025258
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The ProAct study has shown that a pump switch to the Accu-Chek(®) Combo system (Roche Diagnostics Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) in type 1 diabetes patients results in stable glycemic control with significant improvements in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with unsatisfactory baseline HbA1c a...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1089/dia.2014.0278
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Programmable and fixed auditory and/or vibratory threshold alerts are essential features of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) systems that provide users time to intervene before the onset of clinical hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. A sixth-generation rtCGM system from Dexcom, Inc. (G6) includes ...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2018.0359
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of a fluorescent contact lens glucose sensor in monitoring glucose in patients with diabetes. METHODS:Under an institutional review board-approved protocol, five fasting patients with type II diabetes were given a challenge consisting of 75 ...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2004.6.782
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of an insulin infusion protocol targeting a blood glucose (BG) level of 140-180 mg/dL and to characterize protocol adherence. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This was a retrospective observational cohort study including patients for whom the protocol was order...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2015.0046
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:This study explored the role of glycemic control on cardiac autonomic function, measured by heart rate variability (HRV), in youth with type 1 diabetes. PATIENTS AND METHODS:A retrospective cohort of 345 youth with type 1 diabetes (mean age, 18.5 years; duration, 10 years) participating in the SEARCH for Diabetes ...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1089/dia.2013.0147
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Empowerment plays significant roles in the complex management of type 2 diabetes. International guidelines have provided recommendations on management of Muslims who fast during Ramadan. However, there remains a lack of patient-centered epistemic tool to empower healthcare providers and patients in managing diabetes d...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/dia.2018.0159
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Skin autofluorescence (AF) as measured with the AGE Reader (DiagnOptics Technologies, Groningen, The Netherlands) is a noninvasive prognostic marker in diabetes mellitus and other diseases with increased cardiovascular risk. This study provides reference values of healthy Caucasian control subjects as a func...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2009.0113
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::AIDA is a diabetes-computing program freely available from www.2aida.org on the Web. The software is intended to serve as an educational support tool, and can be used by anyone who has an interest in diabetes, whether they be patients, relatives, health-care professionals, or students. In previous "Diabetes Informatio...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/152091503763816490
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are highly effective at lowering hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and facilitating weight loss. Four agents in the GLP-1 RA class, albiglutide, liraglutide, dulaglutide, and semaglutide, also have cardioprotective effects. However, subcutaneous administration of these agents...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/dia.2019.0185
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skin integrity and diabetes device placement are ongoing concerns for people with diabetes who utilize continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pumps. This is especially significant for individuals with skin sensitivities, pediatric patients, and those who use devices chronically...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2018.0080
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The OpT2mise randomized trial was designed to compare the effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and multiple daily injections (MDI) on glucose profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Patients with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of ≥8% (64 mmol/mol) and...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/dia.2015.0159
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obesity surgery elicits complex changes in glucose metabolism that are difficult to observe with discontinuous glucose measurements. We aimed to evaluate glucose variability after gastric bypass by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in a real-life setting. METHODS:CGM was performed for 4.2 ± 1.3 days in th...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2010.0203
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Use of the Medtronic MiniMed Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS) in non-diabetic children has revealed many low and high sensor glucose (SG) values, suggesting that the original analytical algorithm (Solutions 2.0) might be overreading glycemic excursions. A revised algorithm (Solutions 3.0) was introduced in ...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/152091503765691866
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) is a major autoantigen in autoimmune diabetes and is discharged from injured islet beta cells. GAD65 may also be released by transplanted islets undergoing immunological rejection. To test hypotheses regarding the utility of GAD65 as a biomarker for transplant rejection...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2006.8.207
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:: Background: The prevalence of diabetes in youth is increasing worldwide in parallel with the obesity epidemic. This study aimed to determine the incidence rates of dysglycemia (diabetes or prediabetes) and evaluate the predictors of its progression or regression to normal ...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2020.0109
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and sensor-augmented pump (SAP) therapy improve glucose control provided good adherence. In France, not only diabetologists, nurses, and dieticians but also nurses employed by homecare providers (HCPNs) are together involved in the initiation and/or follow-up of continuous...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1089/dia.2015.0240
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are three main issues in non-invasive (NI) glucose measurements: namely, specificity, compartmentalization of glucose values, and calibration. There has been progress in the use of near-infrared and mid-infrared spectroscopy. Recently new glucose measurement methods have been developed, exploiting the effect of ...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/dia.2004.6.660
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We aimed to assess the effect of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy in patients with "recalcitrant diabetes" whose glycemia had not been controlled adequately with multiple daily injections of insulin or insulin plus oral hypoglycemic agents. PATIENTS AND METHODS:We retrospectively anal...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2009.0066
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to measure pressure and shear reduction of a novel insole design. METHODS:We compared three multilayer viscoelastic insoles to a novel insole design (Glide-Soft, Xilas Medical, Inc., San Antonio, TX). The bottom pad of each insole was fabricated from firm-density Plastazote [Apex Foot...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2005.7.638
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Because strict glucose control is important for reducing the complications of diabetes, the self-monitoring of blood glucose is one of the fundamental treatment modalities. Many glucometers have been developed. In the present study, we evaluated a new glucometer: GlucoDr Plus (Allmedicus, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2009.0134
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The value of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) for persons with type 2 diabetes who do not use insulin remains controversial. This observational study compares the likelihood of medication adherence and change in glycated hemoglobin (A1C) for non-insulin-using patients using SMBG versus those not using...
journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dia.2012.0047
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00