Abstract：
:Following the identification of potent, orally active inhibitors of aldose reductase, the next challenge comes in demonstrating clinical utility in the treatment of diabetic complications. It is not feasible to conduct pivotal studies in all indications within the same trial and neuropathy evolved as the lead indication. There was little precedent for clinical trials in any diabetic complication and one of the challenges has been the derivation of standardized methodology for quantifying changes. In order to establish the value of any intervention in a chronic disease, it is necessary to demonstrate sustained benefit in long-term trials. This has been complicated by the absence of quantitative prospective data on the natural history of the disease process. In well-controlled clinical trials, patients are likely to improve their diabetic control which will have an additional effect over and above the usual placebo effect seen in any trial. In the absence of any standard therapy, the definition of clinical as opposed to statistical significance of any effect needs to be established. In the case of neuropathy this is further complicated by the heterogeneity of the disease and questions over the relevance of small changes in electrophysiology as an index of improvement in histopathology. The majority of the animal studies have concentrated on prevention of changes rather than reversal. However, in diabetics, complications develop slowly and significant tissue damage has occurred before clinical signs can be detected. To date, all clinical studies have concentrated on treatment of complications. The dose of ARI chosen for such studies has been based on the surrogate of erythrocyte aldose reductase activity confirmed by short-term studies on disease reversal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Exp Eye Resjournal_title
Experimental eye researchauthors
Stribling Ddoi
10.1016/0014-4835(90)90103-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-06-01 00:00:00pages
621-4issue
6eissn
0014-4835issn
1096-0007pii
0014-4835(90)90103-2journal_volume
50pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,评审abstract：:Superoxide radicals or products generated by these radicals in a xanthine/xanthine oxidase system lyse cultured rat and human corneal epithelial cells as measured in a chromium-51 release assay. Partial protection from this lysis is afforded by superoxide dismutase and complete protection is obtained with catalase. Hy...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(90)90004-e
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transport of circulating sulfur amino acids (SAA) into the lens epithelium and de novo glutathione (GSH) synthesis were studied in the perfused guinea-pig eye. Plasma-to-aqueous transfer of SAA was in their intact form (> or = 98%) and comparable with sucrose (an extracellular marker) within 30 min. The unidirectional...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.1996.0260
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid that is widely used in the ophthalmic arena. The recent FDA approved dexamethasone implant can provide a three month efficacy but with high rate of drug related cataract and high intraocular pressure (IOP). It seems that higher steroid in aqueous humor and around lens may be associate...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2014.11.002
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of c-fos antisense oligonucleotide (c-fos-AS-ON) on proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Cultures of human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cells were established from adult human corneal donors. These cells were positively stained for cytokeratins. C-fos-AS-ON...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2006.07.020
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retinal stimulation with high spatial resolution requires close proximity of electrodes to target cells. This study examines the effects of material coatings and 3-dimensional geometries of subretinal prostheses on their integration with the retina. A trans-scleral implantation technique was developed to place microfa...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2008.09.018
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is by far the most common indication for retinal surgery and a major cause of severe vision loss. Increased levels of glutamate found in the vitreous of human patients and persistent remodeling, even after reattachment, suggest substantial neurochemical, functional and anatomical chan...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2012.02.009
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review is focused on iron metabolism in the retina and in the lens and its relation to their respective age-related pathologies, macular degeneration (AMD) and cataract (ARC). Several aspects of iron homeostasis are considered first in the retina and second in the lens, paying particular attention to the transpor...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2010.03.003
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epithelial cells in explants from rat lenses differentiate into fibre cells when cultured with retina conditioned medium (RCM). This differentiation is characterised by cell elongation, the accumulation of alpha-crystallin and the onset of synthesis of the fibre specific beta- and gamma-crystallins. To determine the e...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-4835(88)80083-6
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of hyperoxia and hypercapnia on fundus pulsations in the macular and optic disc region and determine a potential autoregulative capacity of the choroid under these conditions. In a randomized cross-over study 100% O2 and a mixture of 5% CO2 with air was inhale...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0014-4835(05)80019-3
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rod outer segments (ROS) isolated from adult rat retinas are phagocytized by cultured rat retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Using a double immunofluorescent labeling procedure, we have compared the binding and ingestion of ROS isolated at different times of the day. After 2 hr of incubation, approximately 98% of...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(86)90025-4
更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The immunolocalization of the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) and its ligand alpha 2-Macroglobulin (alpha(2)M) was examined in tissues from human donor eyes of normal, diabetic and sickle cell disease subjects. Streptavidin alkaline phosphatase immunohistochemistry was performed with a mouse ...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2010.05.017
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of acute exposure to various intensities of white light on visual behavior and retinal structure was evaluated in the T4R RHO dog, a naturally-occurring model of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa due to a mutation in the Rhodopsin gene. A total of 14 dogs (ages: 4-5.5 months) were used in this study: ...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2016.04.006
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the composition of ghost vessels and the newly identified intravitreal structures type 1 and 2 (IVS-1 and 2) observed in the rabbit vitreous body. Rabbit eyes (n = 10, 0.5- approximately 36 months of age) were fixed and embedded in plastic. Post-embedding immuno transmission e...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.2000.0865
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple culture method that was recently developed in our laboratory was applied to the chick iris tissues to characterize neural stem/progenitor-like cells. Iris tissue is a non-neuronal tissue and does not contain any neuronal cells. In the present study we isolated iris tissues from chick embryos just prior to hat...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2014.04.007
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Signature ophthalmic characteristics of Wilson's disease (WD) are regarded as diagnostically important manifestations of the disease. Previous studies have proved the common occurrence of copper accumulation in the liver of patients with WD. However, in the case of sunflower cataracts, one of the rare diagnostic signs...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2014.02.003
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A lens serine proteinase with trypsin-like specificity has been purified to homogeneity. This is one of two serine proteinases associated with the alpha-crystallin fraction from bovine lens. The purification was accomplished by a combination of isoelectric precipitation, activation to release the proteinase, gel-filtr...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(83)90135-5
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution of hyaluronan (HA) in the posterior eye wall from the vitreous through the sclera, with special consideration to localization in the retina and interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM), was evaluated in mouse tissues using an HA specific probe (bHABC, biotinylated hyaluronan binding complex). The vitreous body...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.1997.0369
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biochemical alterations in the composition of retinal capillary basement membrane components were investigated in galactosemic rats, an animal model that develops basement membrane lesions comparable to those of diabetic retinopathy. Normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats fed a 30% galactose diet for 9 months developed signif...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(90)90211-c
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our study aimed to investigate metabolites alterations in the blood plasma of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) patients and to identify the key biomarkers to increase the understanding of the mechanism of CSC at the molecular level. Quantitative and targeted metabolomics using liquid chromatography tandem-mass s...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2020.108401
更新日期：2020-12-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Basement membranes isolated from the entire neural retinae of normal cows consist of a heterogeneous mixture of polypeptides resolvable as two major populations, one collagenous and the other non-collagenous. The non-collagenous population consists of disulfide-bonded aggregates of which the major fraction is soluble ...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(83)90010-6
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the ophthalmological clinic, intravitreally applied antibodies or Fc-containing fusion proteins are frequently used, but the biology and pharmacokinetics of these therapeutics in the retina are not well understood. We have previously shown intracellular uptake of Fc-containing molecules in RPE cells. In this study,...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2015.12.013
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This microscopic study was undertaken to compare the melanocytes of peripheral iridectomy specimens from two eyes that had latanoprost-induced iris darkening (LIID) with iridectomies taken from the fellow untreated eyes. METHODS:The two patients in this study were the ones who underwent LIID in the latanoprost...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2003.08.009
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A substantial change in the glycoconjugates of the rat interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM) has recently been shown to occur between post-natal day (P) 14 and P16 in rat retinas using lectin histochemistry. This suggests that the sialic acid content on the terminus of N-glycoside linked carbohydrate chains of the IPM incre...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.1993.1013
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When aqueous humour outflow resistance is measured by two-level constant pressure perfusion in non-human primate eyes, a progressive decrease in outflow resistance, known as the 'washout effect' occurs with time. The effect of age on total outflow resistance washout (the reciprocal of outflow facility (OF)) was determ...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2005.04.010
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to develop consistently focal elevated choroidal masses of human choroidal melanoma in immunosuppressed rabbits and to correlate the visualization of prognostically significant microcirculation patterns from confocal indocyanine green angiography with histologic microcirculation patterns. A h...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.1998.0650
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine the effect of roscovitine, a potent antiviral in tissue culture administered intramuscularly to rabbits or by eye drops to mice for the treatment of herpetic keratitis this study was commenced.New Zealand white rabbits infected with McKrae strain herpesvirus (HSV-1) were treated twice a day with 10mg Rosc...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-4835(03)00056-3
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The central retinal artery (CRA) is the main vessel for inner retinal oxygen and nutrition supply. While the intraocular branches lack autonomic innervation, the innervation pattern of the extra-ocular part of this vessel along its course within the optic nerve is poorly investigated. This part however is essential fo...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2012.11.020
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) activities were studied during corneal epithelial growth and differentiation in cell culture. LDH and G-6-PDH activities increased up to 60 and 150-fold, respectively, when corneal epithelial cells constituted a differentiated four to five lay...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.2001.1110
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Post-translational modifications and/or structural changes induced by modifications are likely causes of the decrease in crystallin solubility associated with aging and the development of cataract. Characterization of human lens crystallins by mass spectrometry has demonstrated that betaB2-crystallin undergoes less mo...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.2001.1023
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF) has been shown to enhance survival of lens epithelial cells (LECs) against stress. The objectives of these studies are to determine how LEDGF controls PKC gamma activity in normal LECs: how this control of PKC gamma regulates the phosphorylation of Connexin 43, the inhibit...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-4835(03)00049-6
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
