Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:Oral glucosamine (GlcN) has been widely studied for its potential therapeutic benefits in alleviating the pain and disability of osteoarthritis (OA). Its popularity has grown despite ongoing controversy regarding its effectiveness vs placebo in clinical trials, and lack of information regarding possible mechanisms of action. Here, we review the state of knowledge concerning the biology of GlcN as it relates to OA, and discuss a framework for future research directions. METHODS:An editorial "narrative" review of peer-reviewed publications is organized into four topics (1) Chemistry and pharmacokinetics of GlcN salts (2) Biological effects of GlcN salts in vitro (3) Therapeutic effects of GlcN salts in animal models of OA and (4) GlcN salts in the treatment of clinical OA. RESULTS:Data reporting potent pleiotropic activities of GlcN in in vitro cell and explant cultures are discussed in the context of the established pharmacokinetic data in humans and animals. The available clinical trial data are discussed to place the patient in the context of controlled research on disease management. CONCLUSIONS:Future research to determine therapeutic mechanisms of GlcN salt preparations will require use of standardized and clinically relevant in vitro assay systems and in vivo animal models for testing, as well as development of new outcome measures for inflammation and pain pathways in human OA.
journal_name
Osteoarthritis Cartilagejournal_title
Osteoarthritis and cartilageauthors
Block JA,Oegema TR,Sandy JD,Plaas Adoi
10.1016/j.joca.2009.07.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-01-01 00:00:00pages
5-11issue
1eissn
1063-4584issn
1522-9653pii
S1063-4584(09)00212-Xjournal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：OBJECTIVE:Allogeneic cell therapies, such as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), which have potent regenerative and anti-inflammatory potential are being investigated as a therapy for osteoarthritis (OA) and cartilage injury. Here we describe another potential source of regenerative and anti-inflammatory allogeneic cells,...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2015.10.005
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the interrelations between degenerative changes in articular cartilage and underlying trabecular bone during development of osteoarthritis and to test the ability of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect those changes. METHODS:Human cadaver patellae were investigated with quant...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2007.03.019
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between sedentary behavior and blood pressure (BP) among Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) participants. DESIGN:We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the OAI 48-month visit participants whose physical activity was measured using accelerometers. Participants were classified into ...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2014.07.007
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common complex disease with strong heritable components. In this study, we investigated the association between four putatively functional genetic variants in KLOTHO gene, a strong ageing-related gene, and hand OA in a large female Caucasian population. METHODS:Subjects (n=1015, age ...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2006.12.002
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Physical activity (PA) in the US knee osteoarthritis (OA) population is low, despite well-established health benefits. PA program implementation is often stymied by sustainability concerns. We sought to establish parameters that would make a short-term (3-year efficacy) PA program a cost-effective component o...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2020.01.017
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Articular cartilage is separated from subchondral bone by the tidemark and a calcified cartilage zone. Advancement of the calcified region and tidemark duplication are both hallmarks of osteoarthritis (OA). Currently the mechanisms controlling post-natal articular cartilage mineralization are poorly understoo...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2007.05.014
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Low-dose radiation therapy (LDRT) is widely used as treatment for osteoarthritis (OA) in some countries, while relatively unknown in others. Systematic literature review displayed a lack of high-level evidence for beneficial effects in clinical practice. The aim was to assess the efficacy of LDRT on symptoms...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2018.06.010
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To validate simple criteria that distinguish flat flexible from stable supportive walking shoes by comparing their effects on the knee adduction moment (KAM) in people with medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). DESIGN:This was a cross-sectional biomechanical study. We proposed five criteria to differentiate flat ...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2016.10.001
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We investigate the potential of a prototype multimodality arthroscope, combining ultrasound, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and arthroscopic indentation device, for assessing cartilage lesions, and compare the reliability of this approach with conventional arthroscopic scoring ex vivo. DESIGN:Areas of in...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2016.12.007
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Cam hip morphology is associated with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome and causes hip osteoarthritis (OA). We aimed to assess the prevalence of cam hip morphology in a sample representative of the general population, using a measure with a predefined diagnostic accuracy. DESIGN:Patients aged 16-65...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2018.09.019
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A major objective of this article is to examine the research implications of recently available genome-wide expression profiles of cartilage from human osteoarthritis (OA) joints. We propose that, when viewed in the light of extensive earlier work, this novel data provides a unique opportunity to reorient the design o...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2015.03.027
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine whether urine concentrations of type II collagen neoepitope (uTIINE) distinguish subjects with progressive radiographic and/or symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA) from those with stable disease. METHODS:Subjects were 120 obese middle-aged women with unilateral knee OA who participated in a 30-mon...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2006.04.009
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five hundred patients with established, symptomatic limb joint OA have been recruited into an on-going prospective study of the natural history of the condition. Four hundred and fifteen patients (mean age 65.6 years, female to male ratio 2.05:1) were available for a full clinical and radiographic review 3 years after...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1063-4584(97)80002-7
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the response of immature articular cartilage to both sharp and blunt trauma in terms of cell death, cell proliferation and matrix synthesis. DESIGN:Blunt wounds were made with a trephine in full depth immature bovine articular cartilage explants which were cut in half through the center of the t...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2002.12.001
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of IL-1 beta-induced *NO and PGE(2)release by stimulated superficial and deep chondrocyte/agarose constructs subjected to mechanical compression. DESIGN:Chondrocyte sub-populations were seeded separately in agarose constructs and cultured unstrained, within a 24-well tissue culture plat...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1063-4584(03)00149-3
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the psychometric properties of the French KOOS physical function (KOOS-PS) and HOOS physical function (HOOS-PS), specifically its feasibility, reliability, construct validity, and responsiveness. METHODS:Consecutive outpatients consulting for primary knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA) in a rheumatol...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2009.06.007
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To characterize the molecular events underlying cartilage injury in the early phase of mono-iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis (OA) in rats. METHODS:Experimental osteoarthritis was induced by intra-articular injection of 0.03mg mono-iodoacetate (MIA) in Wistar rats. Animals were killed 2, 5, 10, 15 and 20 d...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2003.11.008
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of preparations with avocado-soybean unsaponifiables (ASUs) in osteoarthritis (OA) patients using meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHOD:RCTs from systematic searches were included if they explicitly stated that hip and/or knee OA patients were randomized to eit...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2007.10.003
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the population prevalence, inter-relationships, risk factor profiles and clinical characteristics of subsets of symptomatic hand osteoarthritis (OA) with a view to understanding their relative frequency and distinctiveness. METHOD:1076 community-dwelling adults with hand symptoms (60% women, mean ...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2013.08.004
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess if various biological responses to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in chondrocytes are differentially regulated by Smad-6 and Smad-7. DESIGN:Adenoviral overexpression of Smad-6 or -7 mRNA in a chondrocyte cell line was determined via semi-quantitative RT-PCR and protein overexpression wa...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1063-4584(03)00165-1
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) is the most frequently performed orthopedic procedure. Functional outcomes of APM are variable, particularly among patients with underlying knee osteoarthritis. While most patients undergoing APM have knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed preoperatively, the ...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2005.11.014
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Test the hypothesis that greater baseline peak external knee adduction moment (KAM), KAM impulse, and peak external knee flexion moment (KFM) during the stance phase of gait are associated with baseline-to-2-year medial tibiofemoral cartilage damage and bone marrow lesion progression, and cartilage thickness ...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2015.02.005
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the potential synergistic and differential effects of cytokine combinations on proteoglycan aggregate catabolism in cartilage. METHODS:Bovine articular cartilage explants were maintained in organ culture and subjected to stimulation with cytokine combinations including interleukin-1alpha (IL-1...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2007.05.002
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Conduct a systematic review and use meta-analytic techniques to estimate the proportion of total treatment effect that can be attributable to contextual effects (PCE) in adults receiving nonpharmacological, nonsurgical (NPNS) treatments for knee osteoarthritis (OA). DESIGN:We reviewed the published literatur...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2020.05.007
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the impact of weight loss on inflammation in individuals with overweight and knee osteoarthritis (OA) using both static- and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI and assess the association of these changes to pain. DESIGN:Individuals with overweight (BMI > 27) and knee OA were examined before and aft...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2020.02.837
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiographic sensitivity for quantifying the rate of change in joint space width (JSW) for DMOAD trials, is influenced by the following, which vary between methodologies for imaging hip, knee and hand. Radio-anatomical plane of measurement JSW measurement precision is improve when the (i) joint is in a normal function...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/joca.1998.0234
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of avocado soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) on proinflammatory mediators in chondrocytes and monocyte/macrophage-like cells. DESIGN:To determine the dose response of ASU, chondrocytes (5 x 10(5) cells/well) were incubated at 5% CO(2), 37 degrees C for 72 h with (1) control media alone or...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2007.07.009
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To confirm altered perfusion within tibial bone marrow lesions (BMLs) and improve our understanding on the relationship between BMLs and pain in knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS:Participants with moderate to severe knee OA were recruited and pain was assessed using the pain subscale of the Western Ontario a...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2012.08.025
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite promising results, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) put on hold trials assessing anti-nerve growth factor (a-NGF) compounds due to concerns over accelerated rates of OA progression. The mechanism of these events is unclear but joint adverse events were observed particularly in patients using a-NGFs ...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2014.09.018
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inappropriate biomechanics, namely wear-and-tear, has been long believed to be a main cause of osteoarthritis (OA). However, this view is now being re-evaluated, especially when examined alongside mechanobiology and new biomechanical studies. These are multiscale experimental and computational studies focussing on cel...
journal_title：Osteoarthritis and cartilage
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.joca.2016.09.023
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
