Abstract：
:Some organophosphate insecticides have immunomodulating capacities, but it is unknown whether different compounds within this class affect the immune system to the same extent. In this in vitro study, human immortalized T-lymphocytes or bronchial epithelial cells were treated with diazinon or chlorpyrifos in the absence or presence of cellular stress factors, thereby mimicking a stimulated immune system. Cytotoxicity was determined and cytokine release or cytokine-promoter studies were performed to study immunomodulatory effects of these chemicals, whereby the same concentrations of chlorpyrifos and diazinon were used. Results showed that chlor- pyrifos was cytotoxic at concentrations >/= 250 muM, whereas diazinon was not toxic at concentrations up to 1 mM. The immunomodulatory effects of these two compounds were similar for most cytokine promoters tested and induction of cellular stress enhanced these effects. The results were compared to data obtained with blood mononuclear cells, which confirmed the results of stably transfected cell lines, but refer to a higher sensitivity of primary cells. In conclusion, these two pesticides act in a different manner on cell viability and on some immune parameters, but cell viability was not linked to immunomodulation. The results also imply that healthy and diseased individuals are differentially affected by these pollutants.
journal_name
J Immunotoxicoljournal_title
Journal of immunotoxicologyauthors
Oostingh GJ,Wichmann G,Schmittner M,Lehmann I,Duschl Adoi
10.1080/15476910902977407subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-06-01 00:00:00pages
136-45issue
2eissn
1547-691Xissn
1547-6901journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Aluminum-containing adjuvants increase the effectiveness of vaccination, but their ability to augment immune responsiveness also carries the risk of eliciting non-target responses, especially in genetically susceptible individuals. This study reviews the relevant actions of aluminum adjuvants and sources of genetic ri...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2012.708366
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent decades, in the US and in Western and Northern Europe, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of atopic allergic disease. Although that increase may now be slowing, or have already reached a plateau, there remains considerable interest in the factor or factors that may have caused this incre...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2012.707696
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previously, we showed that in utero exposure to mercury induced phenotypic changes in fetal immune cells. Here, we sought to determine whether the effects of in utero exposure on immune cells persisted in the adult. After overnight breeding to DBA/1 males, pregnant BALB/c dams were given either mercuric chloride in dr...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/15476910903084021
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer is increasing, particularly with the recent FDA approval of sipuleucel-T and ipilimumab. The efficacy of anti-tumor immunotherapies has been modest compared to their theoretical and pre-clinical promise. This review evaluates the promise and pitfalls of immunotherapy and highli...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2012.685527
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCP) has been suspected of causing immunoregulatory abnormalities that eventually lead to development and progression of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the role of these non-genetic stimuli has remained poorly understood. The objectives of the study were to quant...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2011.642103
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Here we sought to determine whether prenatal exposure to subtoxic levels of inorganic mercury induced modulations in the fetal immune repertoire. After overnight breeding of female BALB/c and male DBA/1 mice, pregnant females were exposed to 10 mg/l mercuric chloride in drinking water. DBF(1) pups were examined at day...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/15476910701680178
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac allografts induce host immune responses that lead to endomyocardial tissue injury and progressive graft dysfunction. Inflammatory cell infiltration and myocyte damage characterize acute cellular rejection (ACR) that presents episodically in either a subclinical or symptom-associated manner. Sampling of the end...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/15476910701385570
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leukotrienes, divided into cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs), which are important mediators of asthmatic responses, and leukotriene B4 (LTB4), a chemotactic and chemokinetic agent for leukocytes, are potent lipid mediators generated from arachidonic acid by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). Leukotrienes are also considered to have...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2012.712066
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years, progress has been made in understanding how peptides presented by MHC Class I molecules were generated, in particular which proteases are involved in this process and how intracellular pathways influence antigen presentation in professional antigen-presenting cells and various types of tumor cells. Th...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/15476910802482870
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:That benzo alpha)pyrene (Balpha P) decreases both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, and leads to increases in progeny tumor development after in utero insult, suggests that T- and B-lymphocytes are made defective in exposed offspring. In the study here, C3H mice were injected once with Balpha P (150 microg/g BW) at ...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/15376510802312324
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among the different phenotypic changes induced by contact sensitizers in dendritic cells and myeloid cell lines, CD86 appears to be a consensus marker, since constantly described as systematically up-regulated. To evaluate the robustness of this marker, interference of cytotoxicity on CD86 expression was investigated ...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/15476910600978038
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) has been reported to play important roles in carcinogenesis. The current study was carried out to assess the possible anti-tumor effects of pioglitazone (PIO), a PPARγ agonist, in a mouse mammary carcinoma model, i.e. a solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC). Effects of PIO ...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2014.978055
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary infections have been reported to be increased in welders. Previous animal studies have indicated that manual metal arc, stainless steel welding fume (MMA-SS) increased susceptibility to lung infections. MMA-SS is composed of a complex of metals (e.g., iron, chromium, nickel). The objective was to determine w...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/15476910701336953
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanical ventilation with hyperoxia is a necessary treatment for patients with respiratory distress. However, patients on mechanical ventilation have increased susceptibility to infection. Studies including ours have shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated by exposure to prolonged hyperoxia, can cause a ...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2010.531063
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The intestinal environment is considered to play an important role both in colorectal tumor development and in the evolution and modulation of mucosal immunity. Studies in animals reared in germ-free (GF, without any intestinal microflora) versus conventional (CV, with regular microflora in bowel) conditions can aid i...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3109/15476910903334343
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vanadium (V) is a transition metal often adhered to particulate matter and released into the atmosphere as vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) by the burning of fossil fuels. This air pollutant causes adverse effects in the immune system. Lymphocytosis and splenomegaly have been reported with increased white pulp in mice after ...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2015.1134731
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) is a naturally occurring inhibitor of the pro-inflammatory interleukin-1-mediated activation of the interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R). Although wild-type IL-1Ra is used for treatment of inflammatory diseases, its effect is moderate and/or short-lived. The objective of this study...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/15476910802131477
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many investigators have posited on the significant influence of lead on the immune system function. However, available data on this topic are not conclusive. Therefore, a study was undertaken to examine associations between lead exposure and levels of cytokines related to the T-helper (TH)-1, TH2, and TH17 types of im...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/1547691X.2016.1184360
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of immune-dependent drug hypersensitivity reactions (IDHR) is likely to involve activation of the innate immune system to stimulate neo-antigen specific T-cells. Previously it has been shown that, upon oral exposure to several drugs with immune-adjuvant capacity, mice developed T-cell-dependent respons...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2016.1139643
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC) are widespread in the built and natural environments. Heightened public awareness of their potential danger has led to concern about whether EDC and their metabolites have significant negative biological effects. Studies have shown that EDC like DDT and other organochlorine pestici...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/1547691X.2018.1474978
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a major environmental pollutant. An immunological response is a newly-recognized mechanism for TCE-induced kidney damage. However, the role of the plasma kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) in immune-mediated kidney injury has never been examined. This study aimed to explore the role of the key co...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2016.1142019
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of size of nanoparticles (NP), especially in regard to pulmonary toxicity, has been widely investigated. In general, NP with smaller diameters are more pro-inflammatory in vivo, at least in terms of neutrophil influx. Nevertheless, the influence of size of NP on polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) cell bi...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2015.1106622
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of two different yeast-derived beta-glucans on macrophage functionality and blood cholesterol levels in mice. After establishing their ability to act as a strong stimulator of macrophages, we measured the capacities of the glucans to lower blood cholesterol. Ou...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/15476910802604317
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Workers exposed to benzene frequently suffer from toxicities of the bone marrow as well as the central nervous, immune, and reproductive systems. This toxicity most likely is a result of the oxidative metabolism of benzene to reactive products. As green tea possesses antioxidant effects, the objective of this study wa...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1080/15476910802019029
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Skeletal health consequences associated with inflammatory diseases of the airways significantly contribute to morbidity. Sex differences have been described independently for lung and bone diseases. Repetitive inhalant exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces bone loss and deterioration in male mice, but compariso...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/1547691X.2018.1460425
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was designed to examine and compare the effects of three suppressors on the cytokine response in tandem with examining: the synthesis of inducible forms of heat shock proteins; HSP72 and HSP90α; activities of NF-κB and SAPK/JNK signaling pathways; and TLR4 expression. Pre-treatment with inhibitors of...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2012.700652
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Isoniazid (INH) is associated with one of the highest incidences of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver failure of any commonly prescribed drug. The mechanism of this liver injury remains uncertain, and a valid animal model would greatly facilitate mechanistic studies. Most studies of INH-induced liver toxicity have been...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2013.860644
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tetanus is a highly fatal disease caused by tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT) and remains a major threat to human and animal health, despite preventive strategies. TeNT is composed of heavy and light chain linked by a disulfide bond. The antibody response to TeNT is polyclonal and directed to multiple epitopes within both the...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2015.1046572
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concept of immunological surveillance implies that immunogenic variants of tumor cells arising in the organism can be recognized by the immune system. Tumor progression is provided by somatic evolution of tumor cells under the pressure of the immune system. The loss of MHC Class I molecules on the surface of tumor...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2013.861548
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to characterize the variability of rat lymphoid organ weights and morphology following treatment with a known immunotoxicant, with a focus on the usefulness of evaluating popliteal lymph node weight and histology. Cyclophosphamide was administered to male Sprague-Dawley rats by oral gav...
journal_title：Journal of immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/1547691X.2015.1122117
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
