Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Recent trial data have resulted in a reevaluation of the management of anemia in chronic kidney disease, including the use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, intravenous iron, and novel pharmaceuticals. In this review, we evaluate the latest research on anemia management in chronic kidney disease. RECENT FINDINGS:Clinical trials of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents indicate that targeting the complete correction of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease results in a greater risk of morbidity and mortality despite improved hemoglobin and quality of life. Conversely, intravenous iron has been found effective and relatively well tolerated in treating anemia in chronic kidney disease, even in patients with elevated ferritin. New agents to manage anemia, including long-acting erythropoietin derivatives, are also in active development. SUMMARY:Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents should be used to target hemoglobin 11-12 g/dl in patients with chronic kidney disease. Intravenous iron may be beneficial for patients with hemoglobin less than 11 g/dl and transferrin saturation less than 25% despite elevated ferritin (500-1200 ng/ml). An upcoming placebo-controlled trial of darbepoetin should help to define the role of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in chronic kidney disease.
journal_name
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertensjournal_title
Current opinion in nephrology and hypertensionauthors
Novak JE,Szczech LAdoi
10.1097/MNH.0b013e32830c488dsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-11-01 00:00:00pages
580-8issue
6eissn
1062-4821issn
1473-6543pii
00041552-200811000-00006journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Although glomerular cell apoptosis may be detrimental in acute and chronic inflammation, it is also a key component of the reparative glomerular remodelling that can follow injury. All glomerular cells are vulnerable to apoptosis although there are often differences in the nature of the initiating sti...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mnh.0000172728.82993.4e
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The serum levels of parathyroid hormone and magnesium depend on each other in a complex manner. The secretion of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid is physiologically controlled by the serum calcium level, but magnesium can exert similar effects. While low levels of magnesium stimulate parathyroid hormone secretio...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-200207000-00006
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Disturbances in mineral metabolism are common among individuals with chronic kidney disease and have consistently been associated with cardiovascular and bone disease. The current review aims to describe the current knowledge of the genetic aspects of mineral metabolism disturbances and to suggest dir...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000612
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immunosuppressants cyclosporine and FK506 (tacrolimus) are extremely potent inhibitors of T-lymphocyte activation. Recent studies have shown that these agents are actually prodrugs that become active only when bound to specific members of the cyclophilin or FK506 binding protein receptor gene families. The cyclosp...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199212000-00008
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suspected that abnormalities of the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway could underlie certain forms of hypertension. In this review, we will consider the role of nitric oxide in primary and secondary models of experimental hypertension and discuss potential abnormalities of the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199503000-00012
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the current state of knowledge concerning cyclosporine A-induced hypertension after heart transplantation, its pathophysiology and management. The hypothesis is presented that a common molecular mechanism mediates both the immunosuppressive and the hypertensive actions of cyclosporine. The calcium...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199509000-00013
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heat shock proteins, or stress proteins, are molecular chaperones responsible for protein processing and protection against cellular injury through the prevention of inappropriate peptide interactions. The distribution of individual stress proteins varies between regions of the kidney and within subcellular compartmen...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199807000-00010
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The discovery of the importance of proteins localized to cilia and basal bodies has provided novel insights into the pathogenesis of various human disorders including cystic kidney disease. The physiological role of cilium-generated signaling in most tissues including the kidney has remained elusive, ...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.mnh.0000222690.53970.ca
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Elevated serum uric acid is a frequent finding in patients with kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Intrarenal ischaemia, induced by hypertension, increased sympathetic nervous system activity, and hyperinsulinaemia have all been implicated in reduced renal clearance of urate. This frequently results in elevate...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-200105000-00012
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:With the aging population of kidney transplant candidates, a history of malignancy is an increasingly prevalent finding. Tumors can constitute a contraindication for transplantation or can lead to a delay of acceptance to the waiting-list. Current waiting time guidelines mainly refer to early data col...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000652
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with severe complications including diabetic nephropathy. With the rapidly rising number of patients with diabetes worldwide, diabetic nephropathy is becoming one of the most common causes of renal disease. Much research effort is being put into how to id...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e328345bc1c
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a recently discovered neurotransmitter that is extensively localized in fibers innervating vascular and endocrine systems. CGRP possesses potent vasorelaxant effects, and a role for this peptide in the regional regulation of blood flow has been suggested. Although pharmacologi...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199407000-00012
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) influence renal function through angiogenesis, with VEGF-A being the most potent inducer of vascular formation. In the normal glomerulus, tight homeostatic balance is maintained between the levels of VEGF-A isoforms produced by podocyte cells, and the VEGF r...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000256
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:African-Americans are more likely than Caucasians to develop hypertension-related end-stage renal disease. Elevations in blood pressure levels clearly potentiate pre-existing renal disease and also contribute to kidney injury independently of other primary renal diseases in this cohort. Until recently...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-200301000-00013
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The complex multifactorial inheritance pattern of systemic lupus erythematosus in various murine models has been dissected via both classic genetic analysis and the use of modern technologies in genomic manipulation. Current information suggests that lupus may be mediated by a multitude of genetic abnormalities that i...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-200105000-00022
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in the genetics of hypertension include studies on localizations of many loci involved in blood pressure regulation in the rat, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying monogenetic forms of hypertension, and studies of candidate genes in primary hypertension. Evidence that the angiotensinogen...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199403000-00011
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cardinal feature of systemic lupus erythematosus is the formation of anti-nuclear antibodies. In recent years, it has become clear that the nucleosome is a major autoantigen that drives this T cell-dependent autoimmune response, as exemplified by the presence of nucleosome-specific T helper cells and the high prev...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199905000-00005
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Iron deficiency is a major contributory cause to the development of anaemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and thus, iron replacement therapy plays a critical role in the management of this condition. The two main routes for administering iron are oral and intravenous, and there have been a number o...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000436
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental animal models and cell culture techniques, highlighting the central role of glucose metabolism, have provided important insight into the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Microalbuminuria and other candidate phenotypic or genotypic markers for the early onset of disease are discussed. Management recom...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199605000-00010
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There is increasing evidence that endothelin receptor blockade and, in particular, ET(A) receptor blockade not only confers protection against proteinuric renal disease in diabetes but also confers vasculoprotection. RECENT FINDINGS:Recent clinical trials using ET(A) receptor blockade in treating pro...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32834dde48
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Phosphate homeostasis is tightly controlled by the coordinated activity of bone, kidney, intestine, and parathyroid gland. The renal phosphate transporters have emerged as key regulators of both total body phosphate homeostasis and serum phosphate concentration. This review focuses on the latest updat...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000053
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Epithelial sodium channels mediate Na+ transport across high resistance, Na+-transporting epithelia. This review describes recent findings that indicate that epithelial sodium channels are activated by the proteolytic release of inhibitory peptides from the alpha and gamma subunits. RECENT FINDINGS:N...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32821f6072
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The characteristic structure of polarized proximal tubule cells is drastically altered by the onset of ischemic acute renal failure. Distinctive apical brush border microvilli disruption occurs rapidly and in a duration-dependent fashion. Microvillar membranes internalize into the cytosol of the cell or are shed into ...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 社论,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199907000-00009
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Renal acid-base homeostasis, to a very large extent, depends on renal ammonia production and transport. A putative ammonia transporter family of proteins has recently been identified, and at least two members of this family are expressed in the renal connecting segment and collecting duct. The purpose...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-200409000-00009
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Cytochrome (CYP) P450 metabolites of arachidonic acid, 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) contribute to the regulation of renal tubular and vascular function. This review highlights the results of the recent genetic studies in humans and rodent models, indic...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000088
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The precise adaptation of renal sodium excretion to systemic needs is to a large extent achieved by the regulation of sodium re-absorption in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron. Transcellular sodium re-absorption by the segment-specific cells of the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron (often called principal ce...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-200101000-00007
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Calciphylaxis remains a poorly understood vascular calcification disorder with predilection for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Recent data from large patient registries and databases have begun to provide information regarding incidence, risk factors, and outcomes in patients with calci...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000328
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In the present review, we aim to describe the state of knowledge concerning antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) spectrum and diagnosis criteria before analyzing the present and future promising leads regarding ABMR prognosis markers and treatment. RECENT FINDINGS:Recent studies regarding complement-bi...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000069
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Calcium is an essential ion for the maintenance of normal bone health and physiologic functions. The extracellular and intracellular levels of calcium are maintained through hormonal regulation called homeostasis. Balance, the net intake minus excretion of calcium, is maintained by hormonal regulation...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000416
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Nox-4 is a member of the NADPH oxidase (Nox) family of enzymes implicated in reactive oxygen species generation. Nox-4 is distributed in many tissues; however, its physiological functions remain poorly understood. In contrast to other Nox isoforms, it is unique in that it produces large amounts of hyd...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000082
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00