The Rh gene family and renal ammonium transport.

Abstract:

PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Renal acid-base homeostasis, to a very large extent, depends on renal ammonia production and transport. A putative ammonia transporter family of proteins has recently been identified, and at least two members of this family are expressed in the renal connecting segment and collecting duct. The purpose of this review is to discuss key features of renal ammonia metabolism and transport, with particular emphasis on the transporters involved in this process. RECENT FINDINGS:The putative ammonia transporter family members, RhBG and RhCG, are expressed in the renal connecting segment and collecting duct. Basolateral RhBG is expressed by all cells in the connecting segment and cortical collecting duct, and by intercalated cells in the outer medullary and inner medullary collecting duct. Apical RhCG is expressed in the same distribution and also in the outer stripe of the outer medullary collecting duct principal cells. In all regions, the expression of RhBG and RhCG is greater in intercalated cells than in principal cells. The related protein, RhAG, appears to be an erythroid-specific protein that mediates ammonium/hydrogen ion (NH4/H) exchange. RhBG and RhCG appear to be sodium and potassium ion-independent ammonia transporters. Whether they mediate electrogenic ammonia transport or electroneutral ammonia/hydrogen ion exchange remains an active area of investigation. Finally, transport studies have identified that electroneutral ammonium/hydrogen ion exchange is present in the collecting duct. SUMMARY:The Rh glycoproteins, RhBG and RhCG, appear to mediate important roles in renal ammonia transport, and therefore in acid-base homeostasis.

authors

Weiner ID

doi

10.1097/00041552-200409000-00009

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2004-09-01 00:00:00

pages

533-40

issue

5

eissn

1062-4821

issn

1473-6543

pii

00041552-200409000-00009

journal_volume

13

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • Digital pathology in nephrology clinical trials, research, and pathology practice.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In this review, we will discuss (i) how the recent advancements in digital technology and computational engineering are currently applied to nephropathology in the setting of clinical research, trials, and practice; (ii) the benefits of the new digital environment; (iii) how recognizing its challenges...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000360

    authors: Barisoni L,Hodgin JB

    更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00

  • The renal monoamine oxidases: pathophysiology and targets for therapeutic intervention.

    abstract::The mitochondrial enzyme monoamine oxidases A and B are among the major metabolic agents for the degradation of the biogenic amines adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin. The fact that the kidney contains a large amount of monoamine oxidase suggests that the renal effects of biogenic amines might depend in...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/00041552-199801000-00006

    authors: Pizzinat N,Remaury A,Parini A

    更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00

  • Recent evidence for direct oral anticoagulants in chronic kidney disease.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have emerged as an effective and safe alternative to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for stroke and venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention. However, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience an increase in the risk of both thromboembolism and bleeding, ...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000493

    authors: Ha JT,Badve SV,Jun M

    更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00

  • Podocyte polarity signalling.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The glomerular filtration barrier is a unique structure characterized by a specialized three-dimensional framework of podocytes. This review is aimed at describing the latest advances made in the understanding of polarity signalling pathways regulating the formation and the maintenance of the complex ...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32832e316d

    authors: Simons M,Hartleben B,Huber TB

    更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00

  • Ischemic nephropathy.

    abstract::Data suggest that ischemic renal disease secondary to atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is a prevalent health problem. Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is a rapidly progressive process that can result in end-stage renal disease. Renal arteriography is the current diagnostic method of choice for the demonstrat...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/00041552-199303000-00007

    authors: Breyer JA,Jacobson HR

    更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00

  • Clearance of cardiovascular medications during hemodialysis.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the current understanding of hemodialysis-mediated clearance of commonly used cardiovascular medications. RECENT FINDINGS:Although cardiovascular drug dialyzability is poorly understood, many drug classes appear to include agents with substantially different degrees of dialyzability. Recent...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000216

    authors: Tieu A,Leither M,Urquhart BL,Weir MA

    更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00

  • CKD impairs barrier function and alters microbial flora of the intestine: a major link to inflammation and uremic toxicity.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation which contribute to progression of kidney disease and its numerous complications. Until recently, little attention had been paid to the role of the intestine and its microbial flora in the pathogenesis of CKD-associated ...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e328358c8d5

    authors: Vaziri ND

    更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00

  • Beyond ion translocation: structural functions of the sodium-hydrogen exchanger isoform-1.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The sodium-hydrogen exchanger isoform-1 (NHE1) functions in intracellular pH and cell volume homeostasis by catalyzing an electroneutral exchange of extracellular sodium and intracellular hydrogen. Recent studies have revealed the structural functions of NHE1 as an anchor for actin filaments and a sca...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e3281bd888d

    authors: Meima ME,Mackley JR,Barber DL

    更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00

  • Maturational changes in renal tubular transport.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review examines the maturational changes that occur in renal tubules during postnatal development. RECENT FINDINGS:The ability to study transport in neonatal tubules and the use of molecular techniques have allowed studies that not only examine the mechanism of solute and water transport in neon...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/00041552-200309000-00007

    authors: Baum M,Quigley R,Satlin L

    更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00

  • Interactions contributing to kidney blood flow autoregulation.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Autoregulation of renal blood flow has traditionally been considered to stabilize glomerular filtration, and thus tubular load, in the face of blood pressure fluctuations. This view arose because of the contribution of tubuloglomerular feedback, which senses distal tubular fluid composition, to regula...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e3280117fc7

    authors: Cupples WA

    更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00

  • Ischemic conditioning in solid organ transplantation: is it worth giving your right arm for?

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is an inevitable complication in solid organ transplantation. Limiting this injury can increase patient and graft survival and can decrease complications associated with transplantation. We provide an extensive literature review analyzing the available evidence for is...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000367

    authors: Nadarajah L,Yaqoob MM,McCafferty K

    更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00

  • Advances in the management of hyperkalemia in chronic kidney disease.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of hyperkalemia that increases both short-term and long-term mortality. Historically, managing hyperkalemia has relied upon dietary modifications, augmentation of urinary potassium excretion and enhanced enteral potassium elimination. T...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000320

    authors: Cowan AC,Gharib EG,Weir MA

    更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00

  • Renal cell-urinary crystal interactions.

    abstract::Crystals of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate bind to anionic molecules on the apical surface of renal collecting duct cells. Atomic arrays on crystal faces interact stereospecifically with cell-surface anions to bind crystals that nucleate in tubular fluid, or those that nucleate directly on the plasma membrane. ...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/00041552-200007000-00005

    authors: Lieske JC,Toback FG

    更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00

  • Aldosterone blockade in chronic kidney disease: can it improve outcome?

    abstract:PURPOSE OF THIS REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to explain the rationale and limitations for use of mineralocorticoid receptor blockers (MRBs) for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its complications. RECENT FINDINGS:Recent studies in animal models of CKD demonstrate that blockade of the mineraloco...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32833ce6d5

    authors: Toto RD

    更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00

  • Metabolomics in monitoring kidney transplants.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The success of any given kidney transplant is closely tied to the ability to monitor patients and responsively change their medications. Transplant monitoring is still, however, dependent on relatively old technologies: serum creatinine levels, urine output, blood pressure, blood glucose and histopath...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/01.mnh.0000247499.64291.52

    authors: Wishart DS

    更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00

  • The nature of allorecognition.

    abstract::Understanding the nature of allorecognition is fundamental to the design of antigen-specific therapies for transplantation. As recently as 10 years ago it was generally believed that recognition of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules by T lymphocytes was direct and represented the "simplest" kind of T-lym...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/00041552-199311000-00007

    authors: Krensky AM,Clayberger C

    更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00

  • The tissue renin-angiotensin system and intracellular signalling.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The renin-angiotensin system is not what it was, or for that matter not necessarily where we thought it should be. For example, there is a novel angiotensin I-metabolizing enzyme that generates angiotensin 1-7 rather than angiotensin II. Moreover, we are slowly realizing the importance of local rather...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/01.mnh.0000196146.65330.ea

    authors: Fleming I,Kohlstedt K,Busse R

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • Current status on the evaluation and management of the highly sensitized kidney transplant recipient.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In light of the recent changes to the kidney allocation system (KAS) and the observed increase in the rate of transplantation of the highly sensitized kidney transplant candidate, the evaluation and care of this population is a timely topic. RECENT FINDINGS:In its first year, the new KAS has already ...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000172

    authors: Kumar V

    更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00

  • Recent advances in the management of renal osteodystrophy in children.

    abstract::Secondary hyperparathyroidism remains the predominant histologic lesion in pediatric patients undergoing regular dialysis, but recent evidence indicates that the regulation of parathyroid hormone secretion by calcium does not differ substantially between patients with osteitis fibrosa and subjects with normal renal fu...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/00041552-199307000-00008

    authors: Salusky IB,Ramirez JA,Goodman WG

    更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00

  • Tubuloglomerular feedback mechanisms in nephron segments beyond the macula densa.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize recent evidence regarding the role of distal nephron segments other than the macula densa in sensing the tubular environment and transmitting this signal to the adjacent vasculature. RECENT FINDINGS:In addition to the classical contact site between the macula densa plaque and the afferen...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32831daf54

    authors: Komlosi P,Bell PD,Zhang ZR

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00

  • Structural biology: a high-tech tool for biomedical research.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Structural biology is one of the most informative disciplines available to biochemical research. It unites technologies that can reveal high-resolution (often atomic) details of the inner workings of biochemical systems. These insights are crucial for an understanding of basic life processes, such as ...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/00041552-200307000-00012

    authors: Machius M

    更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00

  • Role of collaborative care models including pharmacists in improving blood pressure management in chronic kidney disease patients.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Inadequately controlled blood pressure is considered an important risk factor for both chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and cardiovascular disease progression in CKD patients. Patients with CKD and hypertension are typically followed in primary care practice settings and blood pressure is not ...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32834902c8

    authors: St Peter WL,Farley TM,Carter BL

    更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00

  • Uric acid nephrolithiasis: proton titration of an essential molecule?

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The majority of uric acid nephrolithiasis in humans occurs in the absence of frank hyperuricosuria and is primarily a disease of excessively low urinary pH. Uric acid is substantially less soluble than urate salts so in low urine pH urate is protonated, thus favoring precipitation even under what is c...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/01.mnh.0000232876.04975.33

    authors: Moe OW

    更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00

  • Excess weight as a risk factor for kidney failure.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The increasing incidence of end-stage renal disease and the epidemic of obesity are major public health problems. We review recent epidemiological evidence that excess weight is an important risk factor for chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. RECENT FINDINGS:A cohort study of over 300...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32802ef4b6

    authors: Nguyen S,Hsu CY

    更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00

  • Polyspecific organic cation transporters and their biomedical relevance in kidney.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Secretion and reabsorption of organic cations in kidney is mediated by polyspecific transporters with broadly overlapping substrate specificity. Knowledge concerning function, transported compounds, clinical impact of mutations in the transporters and drug-drug interactions is rapidly increasing. Rece...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e328363ffaf

    authors: Koepsell H

    更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00

  • Skin autofluorescence: an emerging biomarker in persons with kidney disease.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Skin autofluorescence (SAF) is a measure of the accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) proposed to act as a marker of 'cumulative metabolic stress'. This article discusses mechanisms of AGE formation and reviews published literature on SAF as a biomarker and risk factor across the spec...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000549

    authors: Viramontes Hörner D,Taal MW

    更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00

  • Magnesium and the parathyroid.

    abstract::The serum levels of parathyroid hormone and magnesium depend on each other in a complex manner. The secretion of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid is physiologically controlled by the serum calcium level, but magnesium can exert similar effects. While low levels of magnesium stimulate parathyroid hormone secretio...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/00041552-200207000-00006

    authors: Vetter T,Lohse MJ

    更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00

  • Role of microRNAs in aldosterone signaling.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The review describes studies investigating the role of microRNAs in the signaling pathway of the mineralocorticoid hormone, aldosterone. RECENT FINDINGS:Emerging evidence indicates that aldosterone alters the expression of microRNAs in target tissues thereby modulating the expression of key regulator...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000440

    authors: Butterworth MB

    更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00

  • Iothalamate clearance and its use in large-scale clinical trials.

    abstract::Several recently completed or ongoing large-scale clinical trials, including the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study, the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial, and the African-American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, have all chosen the renal clearance of sodium 125I-iothalmate to monitor renal d...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/00041552-199511000-00010

    authors: Hall PM,Rolin H

    更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00

  • Regulation of parathyroid cell proliferation.

    abstract::The parathyroid normally has very few cells in mitosis but it retains the potential to proliferate. In-vivo studies in rats have demonstrated that hypocalcaemia and high serum phosphate both lead to an increase in the number of proliferating cells, which is relevant to the increased parathyroid cell proliferation in c...

    journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/00041552-199707000-00004

    authors: Silver J,Sela SB,Naveh-Many T

    更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00