Abstract:
BACKGROUND:In all studies in which the strength of the neck extensor muscles has been measured, the level of thoracic support has been adjusted differently so direct comparison of the results is not possible.
OBJECTIVE:To measure and compare the isometric force and isometric torque of neck extensor muscles at different levels of thoracic support.
METHODS:Twenty healthy women volunteered for the study. The maximum isometric force of the neck extensor muscles was measured with the thoracic support located at five different levels. The highest level was set at the level of the spine of the scapula (level I) and the other levels were located 2.5 cm lower than the previous one, with the lowest level set 10 cm below the highest level. The maximum isometric torque for each level was calculated by multiplying the isometric force by the length of the lever arm measured from the upper tip of the thoracic support to the centre point of the cell load at the occiput.
RESULTS:The maximum isometric force and maximum isometric torque of the neck extensor muscles were increased step by step from 130.5 N to 138.9 N, 141.9 N, 147.9 N and 155.4 N and from 33.7 Nm to 38.7 Nm, 42.5 Nm, 47.2 Nm and 52.7 Nm, respectively. Except for the isometric force of the cervical extensor muscles measured at levels II and III, the differences between the other levels were significant (p<0.05). There was a significant correlation between isometric force and isometric torque measurements of the neck extensor muscles at different levels (0.81 journal_name journal_title authors doi subject pub_date pages issue eissn issn pii journal_volume pub_type
abstract:BACKGROUND:Illness accounts for a significant proportion of consultations with a team physician travelling with elite athletes. OBJECTIVE:To determine if international travel increases the incidence of illness in rugby union players participating in a 16-week tournament. SETTING:2010 Super 14 Rugby Union tournament. ...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2012-091395
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine whether people with recurrent ankle sprain, have specific physical and sensorimotor deficits. DESIGN:A systematic review of journal articles in English using electronic databases to September 2009. Included articles compared physical or sensorimotor measures in people with recurrent (≥2) ankle spr...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2010.077404
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the anthropometric and physical performance characteristics of a sample of senior A club rugby players and to highlight differences between the positional categories of the players within the forwards and backs. METHODS:94 senior A male rugby players were assessed on a number of anthropometric an...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.30.1.53
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of heart muscle diseases and collectively are the leading cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young athletes. The 12-lead ECG is utilised as both a screening and diagnostic tool for detecting conditions associated with SCD. Fundamental to the appropriate evaluation of athl...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2012-092069
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare injury rates among professional men's football teams that have a winter break in their league season schedule with corresponding rates in teams that do not. METHODS:56 football teams from 15 European countries were prospectively followed for seven seasons (2010/2011-2016/2017)-a total of 155 team-...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2018-099506
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Blood lactate concentration (BLC) can be used to monitor relative exercise intensity. The highest BLC representing an equilibrium between lactate production and elimination is termed maximal lactate steady state (MLSS). MLSS is used to discriminate qualitatively between continuous exercise, which is limited ...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.35.3.192
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The limiting factors with regard to power output available for wheelchair ambulation have not been identified. The aim of the present study was to correlate power output during wheelchair driving with (i) power output and oxygen uptake during arm crank ergometry and (ii) arm muscle strength. METHODS:Eleven ...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.31.1.41
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A limitation to the accurate study of muscle injuries and their management has been the lack of a uniform approach to the categorisation and grading of muscle injuries. The goal of this narrative review was to provide a framework from which to understand the historical progression of the classification and grading of ...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2014-093551
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To establish a simple, valid, and acceptable method of predicting peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), which could provide a basis for subsequent exercise prescription at an appropriate intensity as part of a clinical rehabilitation programme. METHODS:A total of 130 ...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.33.5.352
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Very little data have been published on medical imaging services at disability games. 7.9 million euros (£6.6 million, US$11 million) were invested in setting up radiology facilities within purpose built polyclinics at the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic games. This paper details imaging services at the 2...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-093386
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To summarise the evidence for non-pharmacological management of low back pain (LBP) in athletes, a common problem in sport that can negatively impact performance and contribute to early retirement. DATA SOURCES:Five databases (EMBASE, Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus) were searched from inception to S...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2020-102723
更新日期:2020-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::A case of severe frostbite injury to the right foot is presented. This was caused by the inappropriate application of a bag of frozen chips to the foot in an attempt to ease non-specific pain. No specific acute traumatic injury was identified. As the patient was a teacher of physical education, the pain had initially ...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.34.5.382
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Devise and implement evidence-based guidelines for the prevention and management of travellers' diarrhoea (TD), and establish the incidence of TD during an elite sporting trip to India. DESIGN:Literature review and audit. SETTING:Youth Commonwealth Games in India 2008. PARTICIPANTS:All members of the Team ...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2009.063396
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Injury Prevention Research Unit was established in 1990 to reduce the incidence, severity and consequences of injury. Research into sport and recreational injury is one of five major areas of research being undertaken. National data sources have been used to estimate the overall size of the problem and to describe...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.28.4.221
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the differences in hip external rotation (ER) strength and inner, outer, and total hip ER range of motion (ROM) between dancers and non-dancers and between left and right sides in each group. METHODS:Seventy one subjects (34 dancers and 37 non-dancers) volunteered for this study. The strength (t...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2003.010827
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the International Ski Federation (FIS), World Cup (WC) snowboard cross (SBX) and ski cross (SX), the injury incidence in individual qualification runs versus final runs in heats of four athletes is unknown. Objective To investigate the injury incidence in individual qualification runs versus final runs of...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090528
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Previous meta-analyses have found that exercise prevents falls in older people. This study aimed to test whether this effect is still present when new trials are added, and it explores whether characteristics of the trial design, sample or intervention are associated with greater fall prevention effects. DES...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096547
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To summarise the literature on the barriers to athletes seeking mental health treatment and cultural influencers of mental health in elite athletes. DESIGN:Systematic review DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, SportDiscus (Ebsco), and PsycINFO (ProQuest) up to November 2018. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SEL...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-100710
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) can evaluate how well a particular exercise programme reduces cancer treatment-related side effects. Adequate design and reporting of the exercise prescription employed in RCTs is central to interpreting study findings and translating effective interventions into practice....
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2012-091732
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of exercise on knee joint laxity. If exercise induced laxity is physiological, incorporation of this quality into a ligament replacement material would be indicated. Twenty recreational long distance runners average age 41 (range 24 to 50 yr) were tested before ...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.23.3.165
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dominance of East African distance runners and sprinters of West African origin invites discussion around the contribution of genetic and lifestyle factors to performance. In this review, we focus on the genetic basis for performance. Previous research associating candidate genes such as ACE and ACTN3 to endurance...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092408
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is a considerable amount of scientific literature on football, but few studies have focused on referees, despite their key role in this sport. Existing studies focus on the physiological demands and training of referees. PURPOSE:To analyse injuries and musculoskeletal complaints in referees and assist...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2008.048314
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soccer is the world's most popular sport, with over 200 million participants world wide. Fractures account for only 4-9% of acute injuries, and hip fracture-dislocation is extremely uncommon. The potentially serious long term sequelae require that team physicians have an awareness of this injury. Two cases of traumati...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2003.005736
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patient-reported outcome measures are increasingly used in sports medicine to assess results after treatment, but interpretability of change for many instruments remains unclear. OBJECTIVE:To define the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) for the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment scale (VIS...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2012-091163
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Participation in regular exercise and athletic activities across the lifespan is encouraged to maintain the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems and general wellbeing. Before the menopause there is an increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in female athletes, whereas there is an in...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2008.054296
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ankle sprains are highly prevalent with high risk of recurrence. Consequently, there are a significant number of research reports examining strategies for treating and preventing acute and recurrent sprains (otherwise known as chronic ankle instability (CAI)), with a coinciding proliferation of review articl...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096178
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 266 patients with injuries to the knee sustained during sports activities were managed by arthroscopy and/or arthrotomy. All of them received systemic examination and a standard battery of knee stability tests. Fifty-three were examined by arthrography and all underwent arthrotomy for surgical correction of...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.27.2.87
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study was undertaken to examine the type, location, incidence and mechanism of injury sustained by amateur parachutists in Denmark during a five-year-period. A total of 110,000 parachute jumps resulted in six (0.005%) fatalities and 155 (0.14%) cases, requiring medical treatment. The latter group sustained 176 injur...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.21.1.13
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rheumatic complaints are common in patients with diabetes. Maintaining good glycaemic control by exercise, diet, and medication improves or prevents the development of rheumatic conditions. ...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsm.37.1.30
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the rate of current or previous use of anabolic steroids by students at a UK college of technology, a questionnaire survey of 687 day students was conducted. The questionnaire began with a general section for all of the students, which ended with the question 'Have you ever used anabolic steroids?'. A fur...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.27.3.200
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00