Abstract:
:Many previous observers have reported some qualitative similarities between the normal mental state of dreaming and the abnormal mental state of psychosis. Recent psychological, tomographic, electrophysiological, and neurochemical data appear to confirm the functional similarities between these 2 states. In this study, the hypothesis of the dreaming brain as a neurobiological model for psychosis was tested by focusing on cognitive bizarreness, a distinctive property of the dreaming mental state defined by discontinuities and incongruities in the dream plot, thoughts, and feelings. Cognitive bizarreness was measured in written reports of dreams and in verbal reports of waking fantasies in 30 schizophrenics and 30 normal controls. Seven pictures of the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) were administered as a stimulus to elicit waking fantasies, and all participating subjects were asked to record their dreams upon awakening. A total of 420 waking fantasies plus 244 dream reports were collected to quantify the bizarreness features in the dream and waking state of both subject groups. Two-way analysis of covariance for repeated measures showed that cognitive bizarreness was significantly lower in the TAT stories of normal subjects than in those of schizophrenics and in the dream reports of both groups. The differences between the 2 groups indicated that, under experimental conditions, the waking cognition of schizophrenic subjects shares a common degree of formal cognitive bizarreness with the dream reports of both normal controls and schizophrenics. Though very preliminary, these results support the hypothesis that the dreaming brain could be a useful experimental model for psychosis.
journal_name
Schizophr Bulljournal_title
Schizophrenia bulletinauthors
Scarone S,Manzone ML,Gambini O,Kantzas I,Limosani I,D'Agostino A,Hobson JAdoi
10.1093/schbul/sbm116subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-05-01 00:00:00pages
515-22issue
3eissn
0586-7614issn
1745-1701pii
sbm116journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Spatial working memory (WM) processing has 3 distinct phases: encoding, maintenance, and retrieval and its dysfunction is a core feature in schizophrenia. We examined phase-specific brain activations associated with spatial WM in first-degree relatives of schizophrenia (genetic high risk, GHR), ultra-high risk (UHR) s...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr038
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the various manifestations of disordered thought have played a central role in diagnostic and theoretical considerations of schizophrenia, such symptoms have not been found specific to schizophrenia, and at best have shown weak relations to outcome. As part of a 7-year followup study of a sample of young, acu...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/12.3.427
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Instrument-based scores are often used as outcome measures. However, little is known about what changes in scores mean in terms of a clinical assessment of improvement or deterioration. The purpose of this report was to determine how much change in standard instrument scores represents a clinically detectable improvem...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006869
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Both neurocognitive impairments and a history of childhood abuse are highly prevalent in patients with schizophrenia. Childhood trauma has been associated with memory impairment as well as hippocampal volume reduction in adult survivors. The aim of the following study was to examine the contribution of childh...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbp096
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:ABT-288 is a highly potent histamine-3 receptor antagonist that has demonstrated pro-cognitive effects in preclinical models relevant to schizophrenia. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of two doses of ABT-288 in the treatment of cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia. METHODS:A ran...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbt240
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sustained attention abnormality in schizophrenia is usually refractory to available treatment. Nicotine can transiently improve sustained attention in schizophrenia patients, although its neural mechanisms are unknown. Understanding the neural basis of this effect may lead to new treatment strategies for this cognitiv...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbp089
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since publication of the original Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) treatment recommendations in 1998, considerable scientific advances have occurred in our knowledge about how to help persons with schizophrenia. Today an even stronger body of research supports the scientific basis of treatment. This...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 指南,杂志文章,实务指引
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007071
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research on the effectiveness of short-term education programs in changing societal attitudes about mental illness has been mixed. Education efforts seem to be mediated by characteristics of the program participants. This study determines whether the effects of a specially prepared, semester-long course on severe ment...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033392
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A pilot study of the effects of metacognition-oriented social skills training (MOSST) on social functioning in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) reported promising results. The main purpose of the current trial was to compare the effectiveness and potential benefits of MOSST vs conventional social ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx168
更新日期:2018-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::This article examines the factors that influence antipsychotic use among youth treated in public inpatient facilities. By combining data from 11 focus groups, a survey of 43 researchers and clinicians, and a chart review of 100 closed patient charts, we investigated the interplay between physicians' and staff members'...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006913
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on the long-term development and early predictors of treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) and clozapine-resistant TRS (CR-TRS) in patients with first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (FES) are limited and have not considered the impact of early intervention services (EIS). This study aimed to explor...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbaa145
更新日期:2020-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::Secondary prevention in schizophrenia is still not good enough, and the authors of the articles in this issue of Schizophrenia Bulletin present important new knowledge that may increase earlier detection and treatment. This final article discusses some of their main findings in relation to clinical consequences and ne...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/22.2.347
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Cannabis use is associated with a younger age at onset of psychosis, an indicator of poor prognosis, but better cognitive function, a positive prognostic indicator. We aimed to clarify the role of age at onset and cognition on outcomes in cannabis users with first-episode schizophrenia as well as the effect o...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbq153
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Descriptions of various psychotic symptoms in children began to appear in the psychiatric literature at about the same time as descriptions of psychotic symptoms in adults. For example, Kraepelin estimated that at least 3.5 percent of his cases of dementia praecox had onsets before age 10. The construct of "childhood ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/20.4.591
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catatonia is a central aspect of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and most likely associated with abnormalities in affective, motor, and sensorimotor brain regions. However, contributions of different cortical features to the pathophysiology of catatonia in SSD are poorly understood. Here, T1-weighted structural...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sby192
更新日期:2019-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Randomized controlled trials for antipsychotic drugs have a variety of design features suited to diverse purposes. Efficacy (or explanatory) trials seek to establish if a drug can reduce psychotic symptoms under ideal circumstances. To isolate drug effects, researchers enroll carefully selected patients. Specialized r...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm156
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The issue of specificity of delusions in schizophrenia is still a matter of debate. The authors analyze the delusion formation in schizophrenia from a prototypical, phenomenological point of view, focusing on the subject's experience. This perspective links delusion formation to the autistic predisposition, which is c...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/19.3.579
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The electroencephalogram (EEG) recorded from the human scalp is widely used to study cognitive and brain functions in schizophrenia. Current research efforts are primarily devoted to the assessment of event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related oscillations (EROs), extracted from the ongoing EEG, in patients wit...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm016
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is evidence of a positive association between insight and depression among patients with schizophrenia. Self-stigma was shown to play a mediating role in this association. We attempted to broaden this concept by investigating insight as a potential moderator of the association between depressive sympto...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw024
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The question of whether schizophrenia is associated with structural or functional abnormalities of the nervous system, or both, has become the principal focus of biological studies of schizophrenia. Computed tomography studies have revealed ventricular enlargement and cortical atrophy in a subgroup of schizophrenic pa...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/13.1.77
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied schizophrenia spectrum disorders in Chernobyl accident survivors by analyzing Chernobyl exclusion zone (EZ) archives (1986-1997) and by conducting a psychophysiological examination of 100 patients with acute radiation sickness (ARS) and 100 workers of the Chernobyl EZ who had worked as "liquidators-voluntee...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033492
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The author reviews a number of studies which have shown that the overall mortality among patients with schizophrenia is about twice that in the general population. The highest excess mortality is found in suicide and violent death, but there seems to be an increased mortality also in cardiovascular disorders. Whether ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/15.1.81
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present functional magnetic resonance imaging study investigated the neural correlates of practice-associated activation changes in patients with schizophrenia and their association with symptom severity. A group of patients (n = 24) were divided into more successful and less successful learners and were asked to ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbq028
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The literature on schizophrenia has reported a trend toward higher concordance rates for females in both monozygotic and dizygotic same-sexed twins. The validity of this finding is open to question. Rosenthal (1961 and 1962) pointed out that females are more likely than males to become inhabitants of chronic wards. Mo...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/4.1.14
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia patients have higher scores on neurological soft-signs (NSS) and show greater deficits on a variety of neuropsychological tests than normal control subjects and mixed groups of psychiatric patients. Among chronic schizophrenia patients it is unclear which of these types of deficits most strongly differen...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033421
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Does the McFarlane et al study provide a model for practical trials? Unfortunately, not. The methodological problems are here reviewed and used as a springboard to set out methodological criteria that might define such a model. ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbu139
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute treatment with subanaesthetic doses of NMDA receptor antagonists, such as ketamine, provides a translational model with relevance to many of the symptoms of schizophrenia. Previous studies have focused specifically on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) because this region is implicated in many of the function...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr144
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mentalizing has been examined both in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) primarily by either cognitive-linguistic (referred to as verbal) or emotion recognition from eyes (referred to as visual) mentalizing tasks. Each type of task is thought to measure different aspects of mentalizing. Differences...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbt048
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The diagnostic and prognostic significance of the DSM-5-defined Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome (DSM-5-APS) in individuals undergoing an ultra high risk (UHR) clinical assessment for suspicion of psychosis risk is unknown. Methods:Prospective cohort study including all consecutive help-seeking individuals und...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx055
更新日期:2018-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Identifying predictors and elucidating the fundamental mechanisms underlying onset of psychosis are critical for the development of targeted preemptive interventions. This article presents a selective review of findings on risk prediction algorithms and potential mechanisms of onset in youth at clinical high-risk for ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbv173
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00