Abstract:
:The NPL simulated reactor neutron field facility provides neutron spectra similar to those found in the environs of UK gas-cooled reactors. Neutrons are generated by irradiating a thick lithium-alloy target with monoenergetic protons between 2.5 and 3.5 MeV (depending on the desired spectrum), and then moderated by a 40-cm diameter sphere of heavy water. This represents an extremely soft workplace field, with a mean neutron energy of 25 keV and, more significantly, a mean fluence to ambient dose equivalent conversion coefficient of the order of 20 pSv cm(2), approximately 20 times lower than those of the ISO standard calibration sources (252)Cf and (241)Am-Be. Results of field trials are presented, including readings from neutron spectrometers, personal dosimeters (active and passive) and neutron area survey meters, and issues with beam monitoring are discussed.
journal_name
Radiat Prot Dosimetryjournal_title
Radiation protection dosimetryauthors
Taylor GC,Thomas DJ,Bennett Adoi
10.1093/rpd/ncm018subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-01-01 00:00:00pages
89-92issue
1-4eissn
0144-8420issn
1742-3406pii
ncm018journal_volume
126pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A Monte Carlo based computational procedure for determining organ doses and effective doses has been described for two procedures used in newly developed image-guided radiation treatment: kilovoltage cone-beam computed tomography (kV CBCT) and mega-voltage computed tomography (MV CBCT). A whole-body patient computatio...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncn200
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The novel DIS-1 dosemeter developed by RADOS is based on ionisation chambers with so-called Direct Ion Storage (DIS). The dosemeter can measure Hp(10) and Hp(0.07) of photon and Hp(0.07) of beta irradiation. The characteristics of the commercially available DIS-1 dosemeter were studied at the Paul Scherrer Institute, ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a005984
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro dose-response calibration curves for (60)Co gamma rays have been established for unstable chromosome aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The observed dose-response data were fitted to a linear quadratic model. The calibration curve parameters were used to estimate the equivalent whole-body dose...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncl109
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The W values of protons in water vapour were measured for energies from 1 keV to 100 keV with uncertainties lower than 1%. To study the energy and phase dependence of W values, the W values of protons in water vapour and liquid water were calculated for energies from 0.1 keV and 10 MeV and then compared to the experim...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006798
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed a radiation detector based on an organic scintillator for spectrometry and dosimetry of out-of-field secondary neutrons from clinical proton beams. The detector consists of an EJ-299-34 crystalline organic scintillator, coupled by fiber optic cable to a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM). Proof of concept mea...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncx255
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::New imaging technologies utilising X rays and radiopharmaceuticals are continuously under development. The benefit of computed tomography (CT) has been so dramatic that there is a tendency to overuse it and not to place enough efforts into optimisation of the technique. It is also now more and more common to combine t...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncr261
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to estimate typical radio frequency exposures from indoor used wireless communication technologies applied in homes and offices, WLAN, Bluetooth and Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications systems, as well as baby surveillance devices and wireless headphones for indoor usage, have been investigated by me...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm245
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In projection radiography, two types of digital imaging systems are currently available, computed radiography (CR) and direct radiography (DR): a difference between them can be stated in terms of dose and image quality. In the Radiology Emergency Department of our hospital, a flat-panel DR equipment (Siemens Axiom Ari...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncn013
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dosimetric use of the chemical solution chlorobenzene-ethanol-trimethylpentane (CET) is based on the radiolytic formation of hydrochloric acid, which protonates a pH indicator thymolsulphonphthalein. On the basis of the CET solution, an accident and emergency personal dosemeter was designed allowing doses in the r...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm042
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recoil-proton spectrometer was created by coupling a p-i-n diode with a polyethylene converter. The maximum detectable energy, imposed by the thickness of the totally depleted layer, is approximately 6 MeV. The minimum detectable energy is limited by the contribution of secondary electrons generated by photons in th...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nch237
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results of the long-term autopsy studies on plutonium body burden in the population of Ozyorsk situated in the vicinity of the radiochemical plant of the Mayak Production Association (Russia) have been presented. The data were obtained from radiochemical analysis of the soft tissue and bone samples collected at the au...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm303
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Potassium-40 constitutes the main natural source of potassium present in the body, which influences the effective dose received by people. With the aim of assessing the contribution of this component to the doses received by the Cuban population, a study intended to assess the doses was developed. For this purpose, a ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006187
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), also known as digital volumetric tomography was developed in the late 1990s and is now increasingly available in clinical practice. It can provide high resolution cross-sectional images of teeth and the maxillofacial region with applications in all branches of dentistry. As...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncs289
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neutron survey instruments have been exposed at all the measurement locations used in the EVIDOS project. These results have an important impact in the interpretation of the results from the project, since operationally the survey instrument will be used for an initial assessment of and routine monitoring of the ambie...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm160
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Swedish hemangioma patients were treated in infancy mainly by external application of radium-226 starting from 1920. This work analysed the radiation risk among 17,158 women with a total of 678 breast cancer incidence cases with models of carcinogenesis and empirical excess relative risk models. Models incorporating e...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq473
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiation protection in medicine is becoming more and more important with increasing wider use of X-rays, documentation of effects besides the potential for long-term carcinogenic effects. With computed tomography (CT) likely to become sub-mSv in coming years, positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncv071
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monte Carlo simulations of the energy response of a conventionally packaged single metal-oxide field effect transistors (MOSFET) detector were performed with the goal of improving MOSFET energy dependence for personal accident or military dosimetry. The MOSFET detector packaging was optimised. Two different 'drop-in' ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq144
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Building materials contain natural radionuclides (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K, which cause direct radiation exposure of the public. The concentrations of (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K in commonly used building materials of Urumqi, China have been analysed using gamma-ray spectrometry. The concentrations of (226)Ra, (40)K a...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nct002
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents an efficient algorithm for estimating the unknown emission rate of radionuclides in the atmosphere following a nuclear accident. The algorithm is based on assimilation of gamma dose rate measured data in a Lagrangian atmospheric dispersion model. Such models are used in the framework of nuclear eme...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq592
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crystalline rocks can produce dangerous radiation levels on the basis of their content in radioisotopes. Here, we report radiological data from 10 metamorphic and igneous rock samples collected from the crystalline basement of the Peloritani Mountains (southern Italy). In order to evaluate the radiological properties ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncaa178
更新日期:2020-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Dose and dose rate effectiveness factors (DDREF), in conjunction with other weighting factors, are commonly used to scale atomic bomb survivor data in order to establish limits for occupational radiation exposure, including radiation exposure in space. We use some well-known facts about the microscopic pattern of ener...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncl464
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Techa river region was highly contaminated due to radioactive releases from a nuclear production facility in the period from 1949 to 1956. The inhabitants of the upper Techa river settlements received significant doses of external radiation. The majority of the houses in the upper Techa river villages were demolis...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a005972
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the European Concerted Action SENTINEL 'Safety and Efficacy for New Techniques and Imaging using New Equipment to Support European Legislation', protocols for commissioning and constancy tests for dynamic digital flat detectors angiography units have been developed in order to harmonise practice among the Europ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncn016
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preliminary studies have been conducted into the occupational radiation exposure to NORMS from surface and underground mining operations in a gold mine in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. A brief description of the methods and instrumentation is presented. The annual effective dose has been estimated to be 0.26 +/- 0.11 m...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nci300
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Laboratory of External Dosimetry Studies and Researches (LRDE), associated laboratory to the Bureau National de Métrologie, is strongly involved in the reference establishment and calibration of instruments in neutron radiation fields provided by 241Am-Be, 252Cf and (252Cf + D2O)/Cd sources. In 1997, on the reques...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 指南,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/rpd/nch193
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Occupational radiation exposure is a hazard that should be avoided or at least minimised. This study aimed to evaluate the radiation exposure of nuclear medicine department employees monitored during the 1991-2007 period, and to investigate the relationship between the annual effective doses of the personnel and the n...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq117
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Boron neutron capture therapy is known to be an effective radiation cancer therapy that requires neutron irradiation. A neutron field generated by an accelerator-based neutron source has various energy spectra, and it is necessary to evaluate the neutron spectrum in the treatment field. However, the method used to mea...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncx237
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes the sequence of events, medical aspects and dose estimations for two radiographers and their driver who were seriously exposed to an iridium-192 industrial radiography source that became detached from its wind-out cable. The men came to medical attention about 1 month later by which time all three...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006090
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to investigate of a possible correlation between indoor radon and indoor gamma dose rates deduced by in situ gamma spectrometry measurements by using a portable HPGe detector. Indoor radon and high resolution in situ gamma spectrometry measurements were performed in 60 apartments in Th...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006154
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The DIS-1 dosemeter from the Finnish company RADOS is an innovative kind of passive electronic dosemeter for photon and beta radiation. This study examines the 'long-term' linear response behaviour, the calibration and readout accuracy with large samples of 'used' DIS-1 dosemeters especially in the low-dose region, wh...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm240
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00