Chicken neutrophils: oxidative metabolism in phagocytic cells devoid of myeloperoxidase.

abstract：:Very little is known about how animals discriminate pathogens from innocuous microbes. To address this question, we examined infection-response gene induction in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We focused on genes that are induced in C. elegans by infection with the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Estes KA,Dunbar TL,Powell JR,Ausubel FM,Troemel ER

更新日期：2010-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Combinatorial antibody libraries have the potential to display the entire immunological record of an individual, allowing one to detect and recover any antibody ever made, irrespective of whether it is currently being produced. We have termed this the "fossil record" of an individual's antibody response. To determine ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Felding-Habermann B,Lerner RA,Lillo A,Zhuang S,Weber MR,Arrues S,Gao C,Mao S,Saven A,Janda KD

更新日期：2004-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The fdhF gene encoding the 80-kDa selenopolypeptide subunit of formate dehydrogenase H from Escherichia coli contains an in-frame TGA codon at amino acid position 140, which encodes selenocysteine. We have analyzed how this UGA "sense codon" is discriminated from a UGA codon signaling polypeptide chain termination. De...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zinoni F,Heider J,Böck A

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Compressional waves that sample the lowermost mantle west of Central America show a rapid change in travel times of up to 4 s over a sampling distance of 300 km and a change in waveforms. The differential travel times of the PKP waves (which traverse Earth's core) correlate remarkably well with predictions for S-wave ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sun X,Song X,Zheng S,Helmberger DV

更新日期：2007-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation supports an ambitious portfolio of novel vaccines, drug regimens, and diagnostic tools for tuberculosis (TB). We elicited the expected efficacies and improvements of the novel interventions in discussions with the foundations managing their development. Using an age-structured mat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Abu-Raddad LJ,Sabatelli L,Achterberg JT,Sugimoto JD,Longini IM Jr,Dye C,Halloran ME

更新日期：2009-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic psychosocial stress/trauma represents an increasing burden in our modern society and a risk factor for the development of mental disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD, in turn, is highly comorbid with a plethora of inflammatory disorders and has been associated with increased bone fra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Haffner-Luntzer M,Foertsch S,Fischer V,Prystaz K,Tschaffon M,Mödinger Y,Bahney CS,Marcucio RS,Miclau T,Ignatius A,Reber SO

更新日期：2019-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:125I-Labeled L-fucose-albumin complex and rat preputial beta-glucuronidase are rapidly cleared from plasma after intravenous infusion. L-Fucose-albumin retards the plasma clearance of beta-glucuronidase whereas D-fucose-albumin is inactive. In vitro, 125I-labeled L-fucose-albumin is taken up into rat or rabbit alveola...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shepherd VL,Lee YC,Schlesinger PH,Stahl PD

更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene editing techniques have been extensively used to attempt to model recurrent genomic rearrangements found in tumor cells. These methods involve the induction of double-strand breaks at endogenous loci followed by the identification of breakpoint junctions within a population, which typically arise by nonhomologous...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vanoli F,Tomishima M,Feng W,Lamribet K,Babin L,Brunet E,Jasin M

更新日期：2017-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammalian brains, multielectrode recordings during sensory stimulation have revealed oscillations in different cortical areas that are transiently synchronous. These synchronizations have been hypothesized to support integration of sensory information or represent the operation of attentional mechanisms, but their ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Prechtl JC

更新日期：1994-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Neonates suffer high morbidity and mortality in infection, presumably because of the lack of a fully developed adaptive and innate immune system. Evidence of poor innate responses in neonates has been shown by using a model that sensitizes the host to Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated inflammation with d-galactosamine...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhao J,Kim KD,Yang X,Auh S,Fu YX,Tang H

更新日期：2008-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Persephin (Pspn), a recently cloned member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily (TGF-beta) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) subfamily, is distributed throughout the nervous system at extremely low levels and is thought to function as a survival factor for midbrain dopaminergic and s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tomac AC,Agulnick AD,Haughey N,Chang CF,Zhang Y,Bäckman C,Morales M,Mattson MP,Wang Y,Westphal H,Hoffer BJ

更新日期：2002-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:We present here a shorter version of the proof of our earlier work, showing that the von Neumann factor associated with the group Z(2)SL(2,Z) has trivial fundamental group. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Popa S

更新日期：2004-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:To attempt to locate functionally important regions of the interferon (IFN) molecule, recombinant human IFN-alpha 2 was subjected to proteolytic digestion. The bacterial proteinase thermolysin produced two major complementary fragments, HuIFN-alpha 2-(1-110) and HuIFN-alpha 2-(111-153). After reduction with 2-mercapto...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ackerman SK,Zur Nedden D,Heintzelman M,Hunkapiller M,Zoon K

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present data that demonstrate that three MR elements isolated from wild populations of Drosophila melanogaster on two continents can cause large deletions of the X chromosome in males. The deleted chromosomes, termed mini-X chromosomes, are induced at a frequency of approximately 1:4000 in chromosomes that are init...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Green MM,Yamamoto MT,Miklos GL

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One hundred fifty years ago glial cells were discovered as a second, non-neuronal, cell type in the central nervous system. To ascribe a function to these new, enigmatic cells, it was suggested that they either glue the neurons together (the Greek word "gammalambdaiotaalpha" means "glue") or provide a robust scaffold ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lu YB,Franze K,Seifert G,Steinhäuser C,Kirchhoff F,Wolburg H,Guck J,Janmey P,Wei EQ,Käs J,Reichenbach A

更新日期：2006-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse interferon preparations inhibited the multiplication of mouse leukemia L 1210 cells cultivated under steady-state conditions in a chemostat. The use of this sensitive and controlled system led to the detection of a rapid inhibition in the incorporation of (3-H)thymidine into cellular acid-precipitable material 2...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tovey M,Brouty-Boyé D,Gresser I

更新日期：1975-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human brain functional networks are embedded in anatomical space and have topological properties--small-worldness, modularity, fat-tailed degree distributions--that are comparable to many other complex networks. Although a sophisticated set of measures is available to describe the topology of brain networks, the selec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vértes PE,Alexander-Bloch AF,Gogtay N,Giedd JN,Rapoport JL,Bullmore ET

更新日期：2012-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system postulated to be a cell-mediated autoimmune disease in which interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) plays an important role. There is increased IFN-gamma secretion in MS, and IFN-gamma administration induces exacerbations of disease. We foun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Balashov KE,Smith DR,Khoury SJ,Hafler DA,Weiner HL

更新日期：1997-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:A double-antibody radioimmunoassay has been developed for the detection of Australia antigen and antibodies to Australia antigen in human sera. The assay is simple to perform, and can be completed in 18 hr. Based on parallel studies of human sera, it is approximately 2000 times more sensitive than agar gel diffusion a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Aach RD,Grisham JW,Parker CW

更新日期：1971-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) transcription factors regulate genes responsible for critical cellular processes. IkappaBalpha, -beta, and -epsilon bind to NF-kappaBs and inhibit their transcriptional activity. The NF-kappaB-binding domains of IkappaBs contain six ankyrin repeats (ARs), which adopt a beta-hairpin/al...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Truhlar SM,Torpey JW,Komives EA

更新日期：2006-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent climate change has increased arctic soil temperatures and thawed large areas of permafrost, allowing for microbial respiration of previously frozen C. Furthermore, soil destabilization from melting ice has caused an increase in thermokarst failures that expose buried C and release dissolved organic C (DOC) to s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cory RM,Crump BC,Dobkowski JA,Kling GW

更新日期：2013-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Independent transgene insertions differ in expression based on their location in the genome; these position effects are of interest because they reflect the influence of genome organization on gene regulation. Position effects also represent potentially insurmountable obstacles to the rigorous functional comparison of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Siegal ML,Hartl DL

更新日期：1998-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Histone methylation has an important role in transcriptional regulation. However, unlike H3K4 and H3K9 methylation, the role of H4K20 monomethylation (H4K20me-1) in transcriptional regulation remains unclear. Here, we show that Wnt3a specifically stimulates H4K20 monomethylation at the T cell factor (TCF)-binding elem...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li Z,Nie F,Wang S,Li L

更新日期：2011-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:To test for direct and indirect effects of a top predator on three lower trophic levels, we conducted two multiyear predator addition experiments in a tropical wet forest. Periodic additions of a top predator (predatory clerid beetle) to a wet forest understory shrub caused a reduction in the predatory beetle's prey (...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dyer LA,Letourneau DK

更新日期：1999-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:CHD7 encodes an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factor. Mutation of this gene causes multiple developmental disorders, including CHARGE (Coloboma of the eye, Heart defects, Atresia of the choanae, Retardation of growth/development, Genital abnormalities, and Ear anomalies) syndrome, in which conotruncal anomalies a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yan S,Thienthanasit R,Chen D,Engelen E,Brühl J,Crossman DK,Kesterson R,Wang Q,Bouazoune K,Jiao K

更新日期：2020-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) was investigated for the presence of well-known endoplasmic reticulum (ER) markers: the lumenal protein BiP and a group of membrane proteins recognized by an antibody raised against ER membrane vesicles. Western blots of SR fractions revealed the presence of BiP in fast-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Volpe P,Villa A,Podini P,Martini A,Nori A,Panzeri MC,Meldolesi J

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Visual development is thought to be completed at an early age. We suggest that the maturation of the visual brain is not homogeneous: functions with greater need for early availability, such as visuomotor control, mature earlier, and the development of other visual functions may extend well into childhood. We found si...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kovács I,Kozma P,Fehér A,Benedek G

更新日期：1999-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Spatial memory enhances an organism's navigational ability. Memory typically resides within the brain, but what if an organism has no brain? We show that the brainless slime mold Physarum polycephalum constructs a form of spatial memory by avoiding areas it has previously explored. This mechanism allows the slime mold...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reid CR,Latty T,Dussutour A,Beekman M

更新日期：2012-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans shift their gaze to a new location several times per second. It is still unclear what determines where they look next. Fixation behavior is influenced by the low-level salience of the visual stimulus, such as luminance, contrast, and color, but also by high-level task demands and prior knowledge. Under natural ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schütz AC,Trommershäuser J,Gegenfurtner KR

更新日期：2012-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The AAA-ATPase thyroid hormone receptor interacting protein 13 (TRIP13), jointly with the Mad2-binding protein p31(comet), promotes the inactivation of the mitotic (spindle assembly) checkpoint by disassembling the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC). This checkpoint system ensures the accuracy of chromosome segregation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miniowitz-Shemtov S,Eytan E,Kaisari S,Sitry-Shevah D,Hershko A

更新日期：2015-09-15 00:00:00