Constitutive activity of the tumor necrosis factor promoter is canceled by the 3' untranslated region in nonmacrophage cell lines; a trans-dominant factor overcomes this suppressive effect.

abstract：:The "kindling" phenomenon is associated with long-lasting facilitation of synaptic transmission. A possible mechanism of such facilitation could involve changes in the number of synaptic contacts. However, previous attempts to demonstrate a synaptic morphological alteration that could account for the long-term effects...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Geinisman Y,Morrell F,deToledo-Morrell L

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human eosinophil differentiation factor (EDF) gene was cloned from a genomic library in lambda phage EMBL3A by using a murine EDF cDNA clone as a probe. The DNA sequence of a 3.2-kilobase BamHI fragment spanning the gene was determined. The gene contains three introns. The predicted amino acid sequence of 134 amin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Campbell HD,Tucker WQ,Hort Y,Martinson ME,Mayo G,Clutterbuck EJ,Sanderson CJ,Young IG

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is suggested that differentiated embryonic cells have a high specificity of molecular constitution as regards the surface layers surrounding their cellular membranes. Correspondingly, specific interface energies may characterize the early contacts between different cell types. The question is raised whether the mor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jehle H

更新日期：1970-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synthetic pheomelanins from enzymic oxidation of the 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) derivative 5-S-cysteinyldopa have been examined by ESR spectroscopy. These alkalisoluble polymers contain a novel kind of free radical that is spectroscopically distinct from that found in eumelanins. Delocalization of the unpaired ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sealy RC,Hyde JS,Felix CC,Menon IA,Prota G,Swartz HM,Persad S,Haberman HF

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromosomes condense during mitotic entry to facilitate their segregation. Condensation is typically assayed in fixed preparations, limiting analysis of contributing factors. Here, we describe a quantitative method to monitor condensation kinetics in living cells expressing GFP fused to a core histone. We demonstrate ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Maddox PS,Portier N,Desai A,Oegema K

更新日期：2006-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The promoter of the bean PAL2 gene (encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; EC 4.3.1.5) is a model for studies of tissue-restricted gene expression in plants. Petal epidermis is one of the tissues in which this promoter is activated in tobacco. Previous work suggested that a major factor establishing the pattern of PAL2...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sablowski RW,Baulcombe DC,Bevan M

更新日期：1995-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:[3H]Thymidine-labeled progeny DNA was isolated after infection of Escherichia coli with two different bacteriophage T4 mutants. These strands were isolated shortly after the initiation of DNA replication and hybridized to 15 different (EcoRI) T4 restriction fragments cloned in plasmid vectors. Uniformly labeled T4 [32...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Halpern ME,Mattson T,Kozinski AW

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The stereospecificity of the beta-adrenergic receptor of turkey erythrocyte ghosts was studied. Binding of the specific beta-adrenergic antagonist, propranolol, was found to occur exclusively with the l-stereoisomer. The stereospecificity of catecholamine binding was determined by assaying the ability of the catechola...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Atlas D,Steer ML,Levitzki A

更新日期：1974-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On April 20, 2010, the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) blowout occurred, releasing more oil than any accidental spill in history. Oil release continued for 87 d and much of the oil and gas remained in, or returned to, the deep sea. A coral community significantly impacted by the spill was discovered in late 2010 at 1,370 m de...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fisher CR,Hsing PY,Kaiser CL,Yoerger DR,Roberts HH,Shedd WW,Cordes EE,Shank TM,Berlet SP,Saunders MG,Larcom EA,Brooks JM

更新日期：2014-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Adolescent trauma (AT) is a common risk factor for adult-onset posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the vulnerability to AT among different individuals varies dramatically, indicating that other cofactors are important. Despite extensive studies, the identification of those cofactors has had little success. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Joseph A,Tang M,Mamiya T,Chen Q,Yang LL,Jiao J,Yu N,Tang YP

更新日期：2013-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The SecY protein of Escherichia coli is an integral membrane component of the protein export apparatus. Suppressor mutations in the secY gene (prlA alleles) have been isolated that restore the secretion of precursor proteins with defective signal sequences. These mutations have never been shown to affect the transloca...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nouwen N,de Kruijff B,Tommassen J

更新日期：1996-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:One-electron oxidation of zinc tetraphenylbacteriochlorin and its metal-free base yielded stable cation radicals. Electron spin resonance hyperfine splittings were assigned by selective deuterations. These results indicate that the protons of the saturated rings of the bacteriochlorins carry large spin densities, in a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fajer J,Borg DC,Forman A,Felton RH,Dolphin D,Vegh L

更新日期：1974-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A controversial topic in the recent climate modeling literature is the fashion in which metastable low-frequency regimes in the atmosphere occur despite nearly Gaussian statistics for these planetary waves. Here a simple 57-mode paradigm model for such metastable atmospheric regime behavior is introduced and analyzed ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Majda AJ,Franzke CL,Fischer A,Crommelin DT

更新日期：2006-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Calls for the eradication of malaria require the development of global and regional strategies based on a strong and consistent evidence base. Evidence from the previous global malaria eradication program and more recent transborder control campaigns have shown the importance of accounting for human movement in introd...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tatem AJ,Smith DL

更新日期：2010-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The late Pleistocene witnessed the extinction of 35 genera of North American mammals. The last appearance dates of 16 of these genera securely fall between 12,000 and 10,000 radiocarbon years ago (approximately 13,800-11,400 calendar years B.P.), although whether the absence of fossil occurrences for the remaining 19 ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Faith JT,Surovell TA

更新日期：2009-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of development has been studied through the lens of gene regulation by examining either closely related species or extremely distant animals of different phyla. In nematodes, detailed cell- and stage-specific expression analyses are focused on the model Caenorhabditis elegans, in part leading to the view...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schiffer PH,Polsky AL,Cole AG,Camps JIR,Kroiher M,Silver DH,Grishkevich V,Anavy L,Koutsovoulos G,Hashimshony T,Yanai I

更新日期：2018-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:We recently found that many residues in enzyme active sites can be computationally predicted by the optimization of scoring functions based on substrate binding affinity, subject to constraints on the geometry of catalytic residues and protein stability. Here, we explore the generality of this surprising observation. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chakrabarti R,Klibanov AM,Friesner RA

更新日期：2005-08-23 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro, polynucleotide phosphorylase of Escherichia coli can both synthesize RNA by using nucleotide diphosphates as precursors and exonucleolytically degrade RNA in the presence of inorganic phosphate. However, because of the high in vivo concentration of inorganic phosphate in exponentially growing cells, it has b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mohanty BK,Kushner SR

更新日期：2000-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Paired oxygen-isotopic analyses of abiotic carbonate and benthic-ostracode shells from lake sediments provide a continuous quantitative record of growing-season temperature for the past 2000 years in the northwestern foothills of the Alaska Range. This record reveals three time intervals of comparable warmth: anno Dom...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hu FS,Ito E,Brown TA,Curry BB,Engstrom DR

更新日期：2001-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 (5-HT3) receptor mediates the fast excitatory neurotransmission of serotonin and is known to mediate the nausea/emesis induced by radio/chemotherapy and anesthetics. A polymorphism encoding the variation Y129S in the 5-HT3B subunit exists in high frequency in the general population and has be...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Krzywkowski K,Davies PA,Feinberg-Zadek PL,Bräuner-Osborne H,Jensen AA

更新日期：2008-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of molecular methods is altering our understanding of the microbial biosphere and the complexity of the tree of life. Here, we report a newly discovered uncultured plastid-bearing eukaryotic lineage named the rappemonads. Phylogenies using near-complete plastid ribosomal DNA (rDNA) operons demonstrate that thi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim E,Harrison JW,Sudek S,Jones MD,Wilcox HM,Richards TA,Worden AZ,Archibald JM

更新日期：2011-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Using [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate as a specific cholinergic muscarinic ligand, it has been demonstrated that lymphocytes have muscarinic binding sites. There are approximately 200 sites per cell and the dissociation constant for quinuclidinyl benzilate is approximately 1 X 10(-9) M. Quinuclidinyl benzilate receptor bi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gordon MA,Cohen JJ,Wilson IB

更新日期：1978-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is a potent growth factor for T lymphocytes, playing a crucial role in the immune response. In view of the considerable evidence that the immunoregulatory cytokines (or lymphokines) also play a role in the growth and differentiation of cells in the central nervous system (CNS), we examined the ope...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Okamoto Y,Minamoto S,Shimizu K,Mogami H,Taniguchi T

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When the proximal and distal elements of wire-frame cubes are conflated, observers perceive illusory structures that no longer behave veridically. These phenomena suggest that what we normally see depends on visual associations generated by experience. The necessity of such learning may explain why the mammalian visua...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Purves D,Andrews TJ

更新日期：1997-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Biologically active (125)I-labeled bovine parathyroid hormone (prepared by electrolytic iodination) and its synthetic NH(2)-terminal (1-34) biologically active fragment bound rapidly and specifically to a purified plasma membrane preparation from bovine renal cortex. Binding of labeled intact hormone or labeled NH(2)-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Di Bella FP,Dousa TP,Miller SS,Arnaud CD

更新日期：1974-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The turnover rates of junctional acetylcholine receptors were measured in innervated and denervated mouse sternomastoid neuromuscular junctions by 125I-labeled alpha-bungarotoxin binding. First, we determined that the density of labeled toxin initially bound to the neuromuscular junction was essentially unchanged up t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Loring RH,Salpeter MM

更新日期：1980-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous relatively short regions within intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) serve as molecular recognition elements (MoREs). They fold into ordered structures upon binding to their partner molecules. Currently, there is still a lack of in-depth understanding of how coupled binding and folding occurs in MoREs. He...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang Y,Chu X,Longhi S,Roche P,Han W,Wang E,Wang J

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Amazon rainforest is the Earth's largest reservoir of plant and animal diversity, and it has been subjected to especially high rates of land use change, primarily to cattle pasture. This conversion has had a strongly negative effect on biological diversity, reducing the number of plant and animal species and homog...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rodrigues JL,Pellizari VH,Mueller R,Baek K,Jesus Eda C,Paula FS,Mirza B,Hamaoui GS Jr,Tsai SM,Feigl B,Tiedje JM,Bohannan BJ,Nüsslein K

更新日期：2013-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The calcium-dependent phosphatase calcineurin and its downstream transcriptional effector nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) are important regulators of inducible gene expression in multiple cell types. In T cells, calcineurin-NFAT signaling represents a critical event for mediating cellular activation and the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bueno OF,Brandt EB,Rothenberg ME,Molkentin JD

更新日期：2002-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular oxygen (O(2)) began to accumulate in the atmosphere and surface ocean ca. 2,400 million years ago (Ma), but the persistent oxygenation of water masses throughout the oceans developed much later, perhaps beginning as recently as 580-550 Ma. For much of the intervening interval, moderately oxic surface waters ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Johnston DT,Wolfe-Simon F,Pearson A,Knoll AH

更新日期：2009-10-06 00:00:00