Abstract：
:Reactive astrocytes in glaucomatous optic nerve changes are characterized by an increased expression of alphaB-crystallin and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). In the pathogenesis of glaucomatous optic nerve damage, ischemia/reperfusion injury may play an important role. The goal of the present study was to determine the influence of hypoxia/reoxygenation and TGF-beta on the expression of alphaB-crystallin in cultured human astrocytes of the optic nerve head (ONH). Cultured human astrocytes were incubated under hypoxic conditions (1% O2 for 4-12 h) with subsequent reoxygenation (12-24 h). Additionally, cells were treated with 1.0 ng/ml TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 for 12-48 h. Expression of alphaB-crystallin was examined by Northern- and Western-blotting. Levels of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 were analyzed by RT-PCR analysis and ELISA. The effect of TGF-beta blocking on the hypoxia/reoxygenation modulated expression of alphaB-crystallin was investigated by simultaneous incubation with neutralizing antibodies against TGF-beta during the reoxygenation phase. Hypoxia/reoxygenation increased the expression of alphaB-crystallin at the mRNA (2.8- to 3.1-fold) and protein level (1.8- to 2.1-fold). Treatment with 1.0 ng/ml TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 for 12-48 h markedly enhanced alphaB-crystallin mRNA expression approximately three- to fourfold. Using Western blot analysis, this increase ranged from 2 to 3 times. Both cytokines showed a twofold increase after 12 and 24 h of reoxygenation at the mRNA and a two- to threefold increase at the protein level. Simultaneous treatment with neutralizing antibodies against both TGF-beta isoforms prevented the hypoxia/reoxygenation-mediated elevation of alphaB-crystallin. The process of hypoxia/reoxygenation is capable of inducing the expression of alphaB-crystallin and TGF-ss in cultured ONH astrocytes. Therefore, optimization of conditions leading to hypoxia/reoxygenation in the ONH of glaucomatous patients may help to lower the incidence of characteristic changes in the optic nerve.
journal_name
Exp Eye Resjournal_title
Experimental eye researchauthors
Yu AL,Fuchshofer R,Birke M,Priglinger SG,Eibl KH,Kampik A,Bloemendal H,Welge-Lussen Udoi
10.1016/j.exer.2006.12.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-04-01 00:00:00pages
694-706issue
4eissn
0014-4835issn
1096-0007pii
S0014-4835(06)00479-9journal_volume
84pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The central retinal artery (CRA) is the main vessel for inner retinal oxygen and nutrition supply. While the intraocular branches lack autonomic innervation, the innervation pattern of the extra-ocular part of this vessel along its course within the optic nerve is poorly investigated. This part however is essential fo...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2012.11.020
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A proteinase from human lens membrane was purified by a procedure previously developed for a similar proteinase from bovine lenses (Srivastava, 1988a). The purification of the human proteinase was achieved by solubilization of the enzyme from membranes with 2% sodium deoxycholate followed by two consecutive passages t...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(92)90202-4
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2012.05.011
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-4835(05)80036-3
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-4835(88)80061-7
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A lens serine proteinase with trypsin-like specificity has been purified to homogeneity. This is one of two serine proteinases associated with the alpha-crystallin fraction from bovine lens. The purification was accomplished by a combination of isoelectric precipitation, activation to release the proteinase, gel-filtr...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(83)90135-5
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vitreous from bovine, human and chick embryo has been found to contain a trypsin inhibitory activity. Chymotrypsin-inhibitory activity was also identified in bovine and chick embryo vitreous. Following either ultrafiltration or Bio Gel P-10 chromatography, these activities appear in fractions having a molecular weight...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(85)90031-4
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.1996.0047
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.2002.1185
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-4835(87)80010-6
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.2001.1085
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) markedly reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) when applied topically and induces strong relaxation of pre-contracted isolated ciliary muscle through PGE2 receptor. Because the ciliary muscle relaxation reduces IOP by enhancing uveoscleral aqueous outflow, the ciliary muscle where the existence of...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.1999.0829
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2008.11.029
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.1994.1047
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cathepsin D is a ubiquitous enzyme which plays an important role in the catabolism of proteins. Enzymatic studies showed that cathepsin D is the most important lysosomal enzyme in the proteolysis of opsin. The importance of cathepsin D in the lysosomal digestion of phagocytosed photoreceptor outer segments by the reti...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.1999.0700
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Simultaneous non-invasive visualization of blood vessels and nerves in patients can be obtained in the eye. The retinal vasculature is a target of many retinopathies. Inflammation, readily manifest by leukocyte adhesion to the endothelial lining, is a key pathophysiological mechanism of many retinopathies, making it a...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2013.12.002
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research with animal models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis has shown that use of a topical corticosteroid alone against an established infection can significantly increase the number of colonizing bacteria or worsen clinical disease. Moreover, retrospective analysis has suggested that corticosteroid use in humans...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2018.10.010
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2006.01.033
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to identify the molecular genetic cause of disease in posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD) probands of diverse origin and to assess the utility of massively parallel sequencing in the detection of ZEB1 mutations. We investigated a total of 12 families (five British, four Czech, one...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2019.03.002
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2010.10.005
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2011.04.007
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The combined effects of adenosine and acetylcholine on the intracellular free-Ca2+ concentration in nonpigmented epithelial cells of the rabbit ciliary body were investigated using fura-2 fluorescence-ratio imaging. Acetylcholine (10 microM) by itself produced a modest increase in [Ca2+]i. Acetylcholine in combination...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.1996.0194
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2010.01.004
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The identification of genes that modify pathological ocular phenotypes in mouse models may improve our understanding of disease mechanisms and lead to new treatment strategies. Here, we identify modifier loci affecting photoreceptor cell loss in homozygous Mfrp(rd6) mice, which exhibit a slowly progressive photorecept...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2013.10.020
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP) is a major family of efflux transporters involved in drug efflux leading to drug resistance. The objective of this study was to explore physical barriers for ocular drug absorption and to verify if the role of efflux transporters. MRP-2 is a major homologue of MRP family a...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2006.08.015
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to study acute retinal toxicity of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (TA) at high doses in an animal model, thirty New Zealand albino rabbits were injected with intravitreal TA. The animals were divided in five groups: Group 1 received an intravitreal injection of 0.1 mL balanced salt solution; Group 2, 0....
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2006.10.006
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to develop effective optical treatment strategies for myopia, it is important to understand how visual experience influences refractive development. Beginning with the discovery of the phenomenon of form deprivation myopia, research involving many animal species has demonstrated that refractive development is...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2012.11.019
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In normal retina the developing photoreceptor cells first show presence of opsin over the distal ends of the ciliary protrusions. In a fully differentiated cell intense activity is seen over the rod outer-segment discs; some activity is also seen over the Golgi zone and near the distal ends of the inner segments but t...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-4835(87)80170-7
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
