Abstract:
:It is generally believed that serial passage at high multiplicity of infection (moi) is required for the generation of defective interfering (DI) particles. High levels of DI RNAs are found associated with persistent infections initiated with laboratory cultures of cucumber necrosis virus (CNV). Two synthetic CNV transcripts that were derived through site-directed mutagenesis of a highly infectious CNV cDNA clone and that do not express the CNV 20-kDa nonstructural protein were found to generate high levels of symptom-attenuating DI RNAs de novo without serial high-moi passage in transcript-inoculated plants. Such de novo generation of DI RNAs did not occur in infections initiated with wild-type transcript until at least eight serial high-moi passages. The observation that a CNV nonstructural protein mutant rapidly generates DI RNA de novo may provide insight into mechanisms that underly DI particle formation in RNA viruses in general.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Rochon DMdoi
10.1073/pnas.88.24.11153subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-12-15 00:00:00pages
11153-7issue
24eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
88pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A library of Photobacterium phosphoreum DNA was screened in lambda 2001 for the lumazine protein gene, using two degenerate 17-mer oligonucleotide probes that were deduced from a partial protein primary sequence. The lumazine protein gene was localized to a 3.4-kilobase BamHI/EcoRI fragment in one clone. The fragment ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.4.1100
更新日期:1991-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have identified an ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity intrinsic to the human minichromosome maintenance (MCM) complex, composed of MCM subunits 4, 6, and 7 [Ishimi, Y. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 24508-24513]. In contrast to the presence of multiple MCM genes (at least six) in eukaryotes, the archaeon...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.26.14783
更新日期:1999-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Heparan sulfate regulates diverse cell-surface signaling events, and its roles in the development of the nervous system recently have been increasingly uncovered by studies using genetic models carrying mutations of genes encoding enzymes for its synthesis. On the other hand, the role of heparan sulfate in the physiol...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1117881109
更新日期:2012-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Glycoprotein E (gE) of HSV plays a key role in cell-to-cell spread and virus-induced cell fusion. Here, we report that this function of gE requires the cooperation of tegument proteins UL11, UL16, and UL21. We found that the four proteins come together with very high efficiency to form a complex in transfected cells a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1212900109
更新日期:2012-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::The basidiomycete Ustilago maydis is the causative agent of the disease corn smut. To be pathogenic, strains of U. maydis must be heterozygous for a locus called "b," which appears to control both pathogenicity and sexual development. Two alleles of the b locus of U. maydis were isolated by complementation and hybridi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.3.978
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::MAD2 inhibits the anaphase-promoting complex when chromosomes are unattached to the mitotic spindle. It acts as a tumor suppressor gene because MAD2+/-cells enter anaphase early and display chromosome instability, leading to the formation of lung tumors in mice. Complete MAD2 inactivation has not been identified in hu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0306069101
更新日期:2004-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::A descriptive medium for the presentation of protein structure has been developed and used to evaluate the structure of the active site of bovine trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4). This technique, involving advanced computer graphics technology, permits the facile display of a representation of the molecular surface of proteins o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.11.5409
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emerging method of femtosecond crystallography (FX) may extend the diffraction resolution accessible from small radiation-sensitive crystals and provides a means to determine catalytically accurate structures of acutely radiation-sensitive metalloenzymes. Automated goniometer-based instrumentation developed for us...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1418733111
更新日期:2014-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::The two major disease-causing biotypes of Vibrio cholerae, classical and El Tor, exhibit differences in their epidemic nature. Their behavior in the laboratory also differs in that El Tor strains produce two major virulence factors, cholera toxin (CT) and the toxin coregulated pilus (TCP), only under very restricted g...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.15.7991
更新日期:1996-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::The maturation of 5S RNA in Escherichia coli is poorly understood. Although it is known that large precursors of 5S RNA accumulate in mutant cells lacking the endoribonuclease-RNase E, almost nothing is known about how the mature 5' and 3' termini of these molecules are generated. We have examined 5S RNA maturation in...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.15.6883
更新日期:1995-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::Membraneless organelles contain a wide spectrum of molecular chaperones, indicating their important roles in modulating the metastable conformation and biological function of membraneless organelles. Here we report that class I and II Hsp40 (DNAJ) proteins possess a high ability of phase separation rendered by the fle...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2002437117
更新日期:2020-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of the syk tyrosine kinase occurs almost immediately following engagement of many types of antigen receptors, including Fc receptors, but the mechanism through which syk is activated is currently unclear. Here we demonstrate that Fc receptor-induced syk activation occurs as the result of phosphorylation of ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.5.1919
更新日期:1997-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::We have used the newly engineered transposable element Dsg to tag a gene that gives rise to a defective kernel (dek) phenotype. Dsg requires the autonomous element Ac for transposition. Upon excision, it leaves a short DNA footprint that can create in-frame and frameshift insertions in coding sequences. Therefore, we ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1703498114
更新日期:2017-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Current methodologies that monitor immune responses rely on invasive techniques that sample tissues at a given point in time. New technologies are needed to elucidate the temporal patterns of immune responses and the spatial distribution of immune cells on a whole-body scale. We describe a noninvasive, quantitative, a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0508698102
更新日期:2005-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::The mangrove killifish (Kryptolebias marmoratus) is the only vertebrate known to be capable of self-fertilization. Its gonad is typically an ovotestis that simultaneously produces eggs and sperm, and fertilization is internal. Although most populations of this species consist primarily or exclusively of hermaphroditic...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0603847103
更新日期:2006-06-27 00:00:00
abstract::Current theoretical models of the commons assert that common-pool resources can only be managed sustainably with clearly defined boundaries around both communities and the resources that they use. In these theoretical models, open access inevitably leads to a tragedy of the commons. However, in many open-access system...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1812028115
更新日期:2018-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::NKp46 is a cell surface receptor expressed on natural killer (NK) cells, on a minute subset of T cells, and on a population of innate lymphoid cells that produce IL-22 and express the transcription factor retinoid-related orphan receptor (ROR)-γt, referred to as NK cell receptor (NKR)(+)ROR-γt(+) cells. Here we descri...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1112064108
更新日期:2011-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::Full-length 66-kDa estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) stimulates target gene transcription through two activation functions (AFs), AF-1 in the N-terminal domain and AF-2 in the ligand binding domain. Another physiologically expressed 46-kDa ERalpha isoform lacks the N-terminal A/B domains and is consequently devoid of ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0808742106
更新日期:2009-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::In all organisms, mild heat pretreatments induce tolerance to high temperatures. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, such pretreatments strongly induce heat-shock protein (Hsp) 104, and hsp104 mutations greatly reduce high-temperature survival, indicating Hsp1O4 plays a critical role in induced thermotolerance. Sur...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.11.5301
更新日期:1996-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Kinesin is the canonical plus-end microtubule motor and has been the focus of intense study since its discovery in 1985. We previously demonstrated a time-dependent inactivation of kinesin in vitro that was fully reversible by the addition of purified casein kinase 2 (CK2) and showed that this inactivation/reactivatio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1321419111
更新日期:2014-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::From within an albino melanocyte line grown in vitro we identified and cloned cells that apparently had reverted to wild type. We sequenced a part of the tyrosinase gene, encompassing a candidate mutation, from wild-type, albino, and revertant cell DNAs. The revertant cells contain, on one chromosome, a perfect base r...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.18.7010
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences were inserted into adenovirus in place of the E1 region. The HIV-1 LTR contained in this recombinant adenovirus responds to trans-activation by tatIII in a HeLa cell line constitutively expressing that HIV-1 gene product. In addition, the ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.12.4200
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The p21(WAF1) (p21) cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor plays a major role in regulating cell cycle arrest. It was recently reported that the p53-independent elevation of p21 protein levels is essential in mediating the G(1) arrest resulting from signal transduction events initiated by the crosslinking of membrane IgM o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.15.8711
更新日期:1999-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Amphibian eggs and embryos as well as mammalian cells have been reported to contain an activity that unwinds double-stranded RNA. We have now found that adenosine residues have been modified in the RNA products of this unwinding activity. Although the modified RNA remains double-stranded, the modification causes the R...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.8.2647
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::FAP48 was identified and cloned thanks to its interaction with FK506-binding proteins (FKBPs) such as FKBP52 and FKBP12, which belong to the large family of immunophilins that bind the macrolide immunosuppressant drugs FK506 and rapamycin. We have previously shown that FAP48-FKBP complexes are dissociated by FK506 and...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0438007100
更新日期:2003-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::We showed previously that rrn P1 promoters require unusually high concentrations of the initiating nucleoside triphosphates (ATP or GTP, depending on the promoter) for maximal transcription in vitro. We proposed that this requirement for high initiating NTP concentrations contributes to control of the rrn P1 promoters...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.132285199
更新日期:2002-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::A flexible finite difference method is described that gives approximate solutions of linear elliptic partial differential equations, Lu = G, subject to general linear boundary conditions. The method gives high-order accuracy. The values of the unknown approximation function U are determined at mesh points by solving a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.6.2541
更新日期:1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) acts as a processivity factor for replicative DNA polymerases and is essential for DNA replication. In vitro studies have suggested a role for PCNA-in the repair synthesis step of nucleotide excision repair, and PCNA interacts with the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.18.9676
更新日期:1996-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::Ocular dominance (OD) plasticity in mouse primary visual cortex (V1) declines during postnatal development and is absent beyond postnatal day 110 if mice are raised in standard cages (SCs). An enriched environment (EE) promotes OD plasticity in adult rats. Here, we explored cellular mechanisms of EE in mouse V1 and th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1313385111
更新日期:2014-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::Many substances in the plant kingdom and in man's diet occur as glycosides. Recent studies have indicated that many glycosides that are not mutagenic in tests such as the Salmonella test become mutagenic upon hydrolysis of the glycosidic linkages. The Salmonella test utilizes a liver homogenate to approximate mammalia...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.8.4961
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00