Abstract:
:Accurate enumeration of viruses within environmental samples is critical for investigations of the ecological role of viruses and viral infection within microbial communities. This report evaluates differences in viral and bacterial direct counts between estuarine sediment samples which were either immediately processed onboard ship or frozen at -20 degrees C and later processed. Viral and bacterial abundances were recorded at three stations spanning the length of the Chesapeake Bay in April and June 2003 within three sediment fractions: pore water (PW), whole sediment (WS), and sediment after pore water removal (AP). No significant difference in viral abundance was apparent between extracts from fresh or frozen sediments. In contrast, bacterial abundance was significantly lower in the samples subjected to freezing. Both bacterial and viral abundance showed significant differences between sediment fractions (PW, WS, or AP) regardless of the fresh or frozen status. Although pore water viral abundance has been used in the past as a measurement of viral abundance in sediments, this fraction accounted for only ca. 5% of the total sediment viral abundance across all samples. The effect of refrigerated storage of sediment viral extracts was also examined and showed that, within the first 2 h, viral abundance decreased ca. 30% in formalin-fixed extracts and 66% in unfixed extracts. Finally, the reliability of direct viral enumeration via epifluorescence microscopy was tested by using DNase treatment of WS extractions. These tests indicated that a large fraction (>86%) of the small SYBR gold fluorescing particles are likely viruses.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Helton RR,Liu L,Wommack KEdoi
10.1128/AEM.00297-06subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-07-01 00:00:00pages
4767-74issue
7eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336pii
72/7/4767journal_volume
72pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Until recently, Amblyomma maculatum (the Gulf Coast tick) had garnered little attention compared to other species of human-biting ticks in the United States. A. maculatum is now recognized as the principal vector of Rickettsia parkeri, a pathogenic spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR) that causes an eschar-associated...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02737-09
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03887-15
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.7.2251-2254.1990
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic optimizations to achieve high-level production of three different proteins of medical importance for humans, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon alpha 2b (IFN-alpha2b), and single-chain antibody variable fragment (scFv-phOx), were investigated during high-cell-density cultivat...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01804-06
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00013-06
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.11.7376-7388.2005
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.4.956-962.1990
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.12.5504-5509.1999
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00520-15
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.46.3.758-761.1983
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.47.1.12-14.1984
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.9.3486-3489.1995
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02001-20
更新日期:2021-01-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00315-08
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.47.2.369-373.1984
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00665-16
更新日期:2016-06-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.10.6414-6417.2005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Source attribution studies report that the consumption of contaminated poultry is the primary source for acquiring human campylobacteriosis. Oral administration of an engineered Escherichia coli strain expressing the Campylobacter jejuni N-glycan reduces bacterial colonization in specific-pathogen-free leghorn chicken...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-11-16 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.5.1953-1958.1995
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.7.3083-3087.2000
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The currently used microbial decontamination method for spacecraft and components uses dry-heat microbial reduction at temperatures of >110°C for extended periods to prevent the contamination of extraplanetary destinations. This process is effective and reproducible, but it is also long and costly and precludes the us...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.07948-11
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.32.5.716-722.1976
更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The N-chloramine compound 3-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone (agent I) has been compared with calcium hypochlorite as to its efficacy as a bactericide for the treatment of water. The study included concentration, contact time, pH, temperature, and water quality as controlled variables. The species of bacteria teste...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.49.3.637-643.1985
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00