Abstract:
:The subcellular localization of organelles, mRNAs and proteins is particularly challenging in neurons. Owing to their extended morphology, with axons in humans exceeding a meter in length, in addition to which they are not renewed but persist for the entire lifespan, it is no surprise that neurons are highly vulnerable to any perturbation of their sophisticated transport machinery. There is emerging evidence that impaired transport is not only causative for a range of motor disorders, but possibly also for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related neurodegenerative disorders. Support for this hypothesis comes from transgenic animal models. Overexpression of human tau and amyloid precursor protein (APP) in mice and flies models the key hallmark histopathological characteristics of AD, such as somatodendritic accumulation of phosphorylated forms of tau and beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptide-containing amyloid plaques, as well as axonopathy. The latter has also been demonstrated in mutant mice with altered levels of Alzheimer-associated genes, such as presenilin (PS). In Abeta-producing APP transgenic mice, axonopathy was observed before the onset of plaque formation and tau hyperphosphorylation. In human AD brain, an axonopathy was revealed for early but not late Braak stages. The overall picture is that key players in AD, such as tau, APP and PS, perturb axonal transport early on in AD, causing impaired synaptic plasticity and reducing survival rates. It will be challenging to determine the molecular mechanisms of these different axonopathies, as this might assist in the development of new therapeutic strategies.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Götz J,Ittner LM,Kins Sdoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03955.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-08-01 00:00:00pages
993-1006issue
4eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159pii
JNC3955journal_volume
98pub_type
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb05552.x
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abstract::Arg0-Met5-enkephalin (Arg0-MEK) was isolated from bovine striatum and purified to homogeneity. The peptide was extracted with trichloroacetic acid, followed by column chromatography successively on Bio-Sil C8, semipreparative HPLC Radial-Pak C18, fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) Mono S, HPLC Ultrasphere-ODS, ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63051748.x
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abstract::One-week treatment with the benzodiazepine (BZ) flurazepam (FZP), results in anticonvulsant tolerance, associated with reduced GABAA receptor (GABAR) subunit protein and miniature inhibitory post-synaptic current (mIPSC) amplitude in CA1 neurons of rat hippocampus. Because protein kinase A (PKA) has been shown to modu...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06141.x
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
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doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07004.x
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abstract::A rapid loss of protein kinase C (PKC) activity is a prognostic feature of the lethal damage inflicted on neurons by cerebral ischemia in vivo and by hypoxic and excitotoxic insults in vitro. However, it is not known if this inactivation of PKC is incidental or is an essential part of the neurodegenerative process dri...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62031039.x
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0750656.x
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.731718.x
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00