Abstract:
:The ability of indigenous Rhizobium leguminosarum and Rhizobium meliloti to use organic nutrients as growth substrates in soil was assessed by indirect bacteriophage analysis. A total of 17 organic compounds, including 9 carbohydrates, 3 organic acids, and 5 amino acids, were tested (1,000 mug g) in three soils with different cropping histories. Four additional soils were screened with a glucose amendment. Nutrient amendments stimulated growth of indigenous rhizobia, allowing subsequent replication of indigenous bacteriophages. Phage populations were enumerated by plating soil extracts on 19 R. leguminosarum and 9 R. meliloti indicator strains, including root nodule isolates from the soils assayed. On the basis of indirect phage analysis, all soils contained native rhizobia similar to one or more of the indicator strains, although not all indicator strains were detected in soil. All organic compounds stimulated growth of indigenous rhizobia, but the growth response varied for each rhizobial strain depending on the nutrient, the nutrient concentration, and the soil. Indigenous rhizobia readily utilized most organic compounds except phenylalanine, glycine, and aspartic acid. The ability of indigenous rhizobia to utilize a wide range of organic compounds as growth substrates in situ indicates their ability to successfully compete with other soil bacteria for nutrients in these soils.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Germida JJdoi
10.1128/AEM.54.1.257-263.1988keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-01-01 00:00:00pages
257-263issue
1eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章abstract::For decades, untreated sewage flowing northward from Tijuana, Mexico, via the Tijuana River has adversely affected the water quality of the recreational beaches of San Diego, California. We used quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to measure the levels of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and enteroviruses in coastal waters ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01024-06
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anaerobic bacterium Eubacterium lentum, a common constituent of the intestinal microflora, inactivates digoxin by reducing the unsaturated lactone ring. Reduction of the cardiac glycoside by growing cultures of E. lentum ATCC 25559 proceeded in a stereospecific manner, with the 20R-dihydrodigoxin constituting more...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.51.6.1300-1303.1986
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Cry2Aa3 gene was introduced into asporogenic Bacillus thuringiensis, and the synthesized protoxin killed Bombyx mori and Lymantria dispar larvae. Chymotrypsin hydrolyzed the linkages between 49Tyr/Val50 and 145Lys/Ser146 in the protoxin, and 50- and 58-kDa fragments were generated, respectively. Both peptides kill...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.07123-11
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Butyrate is an important intermediate in the anaerobic degradation of organic matter. In sulfate-depleted environments butyrate is oxidized to acetate and hydrogen by obligate proton reducers, in syntrophic association with hydrogen-consuming methanogens. This paper describes two enrichments of endospore-forming bacte...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.50.5.1244-1250.1985
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant polysaccharide breakdown by microbes in the rumen is fundamental to digestion in ruminant livestock. Bacterial species belonging to the rumen genera Butyrivibrio and Pseudobutyrivibrio are important degraders and utilizers of lignocellulosic plant material. These bacteria degrade polysaccharides and ferment the ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01993-19
更新日期:2019-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::The plasmid profiles of 619 cultures of Bacillus anthracis which had been isolated and stored between 1954 and 1989 were analyzed using the Laboratory Response Network real-time PCR assay targeting a chromosomal marker and both virulence plasmids (pXO1 and pXO2). The cultures were stored at ambient temperature on tryp...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.12.7778-7780.2005
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Different amounts of enterotoxin A-, B-, and C1-producing staphylococci were added to dry sausage prepared by normal processes, either alone or in conjunction with a starter culture (micrococci and lactobacilli). The sausage was examined after 0, 3, 7, 14, and 30 days for staphylococci, micrococci, and lactobacilli, a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.31.1.11-20.1976
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipophilic compounds of the culture suspension containing Rhodococcus erythropolis DSM43215 had surfactant properties when the bacteria were cultivated with n-alkanes as the sole carbon source. Thirteen main components from a dichloromethane-methanol extract of the R. erythropolis cultures were isolated and characteri...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.44.4.864-870.1982
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel serine carboxypeptidase (EC 3.4.16.1) was found in an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation broth and was purified to homogeneity. This enzyme has a molecular weight of ca. 67,000, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and its specific activity is 21 U/mg for carbobenzoxy (Z)-Al...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.8.3298-3303.1999
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteriovorous protozoa harboring symbiotic algae are abundant in aquatic ecosystems, yet despite a recent interest in protozoan bacterivory, the influence of light on their ingestion rates has not been investigated. In this study, Paramecium bursaria containing endosymbiotic Chlorella was tested for the effect of lig...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.8.2312-2316.1991
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epifluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry were used in different combinations with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled immunoglobulins M and G3 to estimate the numbers of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in soil extracts containing 10 to 10,017 oocysts/ml. No combination had a systematic effect on accuracy or precisio...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.70.3.1827-1829.2004
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we fused six self-assembling amphipathic peptides (SAPs) with cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) from Paenibacillus macerans to catalyze 2-O-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid (AA-2G) production with cheap substrates, including maltose, maltodextrin, and soluble starch as glycosyl donors. The resul...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01249-14
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gordonia polyisoprenivorans strain VH2, a potent rubber-degrading actinomycete, harbors two latex clearing proteins (Lcps), which are known to be essential for the microbial degradation of rubber. However, biochemical information on the exact role of this protein in the degradation of polyisoprene was lacking. In this...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01502-14
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many Helicobacter pylori genetic studies would benefit from an ability to move DNA sequences easily between strains by transformation and homologous recombination, without needing to leave a conventional drug resistance determinant at the targeted locus. Presented here is a two-gene cassette that can be selected both ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01135-06
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Decomposition of natural populations of Lake Mendota phytoplankton dominated by blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) was monitored by using oxygen uptake and disappearance of chlorophyll, algal volume (fluorescence microscopy), particulate protein, particulate organic carbon, and photosynthetic ability (CO(2) up-take). In...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.37.5.820-830.1979
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The stability of spheroplasts from the osmotrophic yeast Saccharomyces rouxii was studied in buffered solutions of mannitol and glucose. The plasma membranes from cells grown in high glucose concentrations were more stable to osmotic lysis than were membranes from cells grown in lower glucose concentrations. Mannitol ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.39.4.928-931.1980
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this work was to investigate the medium requirements for growth and production of exopolysaccharides by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus NCFB 2772. The strain was grown in batch cultures on a chemically defined medium, and the technique of single omission of medium components was applied to deter...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.4.1333-1337.1998
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of a PCR method to investigate the fate of liberated Q(beta) coliphage RNA in wastewater suggests that a positive PCR result indicates the recent presence of potentially viable virus in the sample and therefore increases the public health significance of the result. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.7.2932-2933.1997
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since their initial discovery in samples from the north Atlantic Ocean, 16S rRNA genes related to the environmental gene clone cluster known as SAR202 have been recovered from pelagic freshwater, marine sediment, soil, and deep subsurface terrestrial environments. Together, these clones form a major, monophyletic subg...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.70.5.2836-2842.2004
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The PCR technique has potential for use in detection of low concentrations of airborne microorganisms. In this study, the sensitivity of PCR and its susceptibility to environmental interference were assessed with Escherichia coli DH1 as the target organism. Air samples, containing environmental bioaerosols, were colle...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.10.3639-3644.1995
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The occurrence and distribution of magnetotactic bacteria (MB) were studied as a function of the physical and chemical conditions in meromictic Salt Pond, Falmouth, Mass., throughout summer 2002. Three dominant MB morphotypes were observed to occur within the chemocline. Small microaerophilic magnetite-producing cocci...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.10.6230-6239.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toluene dioxygenase from Pseudomonas putida F1 has been implicated as an enzyme capable of degrading trichloroethylene. This has now been confirmed with Escherichia coli JM109(pDTG601) that contains the structural genes (todC1C2BA) of toluene dioxygenase under the control of the tac promoter. The extent of trichloroet...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.12.3162-3166.1989
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A fixed-bed loop, high-rate anaerobic bioreactor treating sulfite evaporator condensate was sampled when it reached steady state and afterwards following perturbations during a 14-month period. By using immunotechnology, it was observed that shifts in methanogenic subpopulations occurred in association with perturbati...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.8.1996-2001.1989
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new method is described in which the Salkowski reaction is used for the rapid selection of alkaloid-producing mutants of the ergot fungus. This method was used to investigate the influence of a second mutation with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) on various mutants selected by a preliminary NTG mutation o...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.45.4.1165-1169.1983
更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::At certain stages in its growth cycle, Methanosarcina mazei produces an enzyme (disaggregatase) that causes aggregates to separate into single cells. M. mazei S-6 and LYC both produce this enzymatic activity, although the specificities of activities differ. The disaggregatase of M. mazei S-6 had little effect on strai...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.12.3693-3698.1990
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laboratory conditions have been identified that cause the rapid death of cultures of cyanobacteria producing urease. Once the death phase had initiated in the stationary growth phase, cells were rapidly bleached of all pigmentation. Null mutations in the ureC gene, encoding the alpha subunit of urease, were constructe...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.7.2361-2366.1998
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article on p. 662 in vol. 45.]. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.45.6.1964-1964.1983
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Helaeomyia petrolei larvae isolated from the asphalt seeps of Rancho La Brea in Los Angeles, Calif., were examined for microbial gut contents. Standard counts on Luria-Bertani, MacConkey, and blood agar plates indicated ca. 2 x 10(5) heterotrophic bacteria per larva. The culturable bacteria represented 15 to 20% of th...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.4.1477-1482.1999
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The MK filter is an electropositively charged filter that can be used to concentrate enteroviruses from large volumes (400 to 1,000 liters) of water. This filter is less expensive than the commonly used 1MDS electropositive filter. In this study, we compared the recovery of poliovirus 1 (PV1) and that of coxsackieviru...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.6.1974-1977.1994
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A hydrogen utilizing exoelectrogenic bacterium (Geobacter sulfurreducens) was compared to both a nonhydrogen oxidizer (Geobacter metallireducens) and a mixed consortium in order to compare the hydrogen production rates and hydrogen recoveries of pure and mixed cultures in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). At an app...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01760-09
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00