Abstract：
PURPOSE:To determine the effects of silencing Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 signaling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis. METHODS:Corneal TLR9 mRNA levels were tested by RT-PCR in C57BL/6 (B6, susceptible) and BALB/c (resistant) mice and compared. The response of B6 mice to CpG DNA, which binds TLR9, was tested after subconjunctival injection of mice with control or CpG DNA; TLR9, IL-1beta, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, and IFN-gamma levels were measured by RT-PCR. Langerhans cells (LCs) were stimulated with CpG DNA and treated with TLR9 or control siRNA, and mRNA levels of TLR9, IL-1beta, and MIP-2 were detected by RT-PCR. In addition, IL-1beta levels were tested by ELISA. Then B6 mice were injected subconjunctivally with control or TLR9 siRNA before infection and treated topically afterward. Slit lamp, clinical score, RT-PCR, ELISA, myeloperoxidase assay, and plate counts were performed. RESULTS:TLR9 mRNA levels were sixfold higher in B6 than in BALB/c corneas the day after injection. B6 mice injected with CpG DNA exhibited an increase in corneal mRNA for TLR9, IL-1beta, MIP-2, IL-12, and IFN-gamma over controls. LCs stimulated with CpG DNA and treated with TLR9 siRNA exhibited reduced TLR9, IL-1beta, and MIP-2 levels compared with controls. Finally, B6 mice treated with TLR9 siRNA showed decreases in corneal opacity, polymorphonuclear leukocyte number, IL-12 and IFN-gamma mRNA, IL-1beta, and MIP-2 protein compared with those treated with control siRNA. Fewer corneas perforated in these mice, but bacterial loads were higher than in controls. CONCLUSIONS:Signaling through TLR9 appears important in P. aeruginosa keratitis, and silencing TLR9 signaling reduces inflammation but likely contributes to decreased bacterial killing in the cornea.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Huang X,Barrett RP,McClellan SA,Hazlett LDdoi
10.1167/iovs.05-0185keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-11-01 00:00:00pages
4209-16issue
11eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
46/11/4209journal_volume
46pub_type
杂志文章abstract：Purpose:To assess the effect of serous retinal detachment (SRD) on functional and anatomical outcomes in ranibizumab-treated patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods:All consecutive ranibizumab-treated patients with SRD were included in this retrospective study. For each patient with SRD, a patient without ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.16-20855
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracameral perfusion with 4 to 6 mM Na2EDTA or 4 mM EGTA for 40 to 80 min caused a very large increase in gross outflow facility. This effect was partly reversible when followed by perfusion with mock aqueous humor. Eyes perfused with Na2EDTA were studied morphologically. In the trabecular meshwork the cells separat...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:We evaluate diabetic microaneurysm (MA) features on high-resolution adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) and their correlations with visual acuity (VA) and local retinal pathology on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT). Methods:Diabetic participants underwent VA testing and AO...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.18-24386
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Checkerboard reversal stimuli were used to evoke transient pattern electroretinograms (P-ERGs) from the eyes of 14 patients with amblyopia and 14 normal subjects. In the control group, and in normal eyes of patients, pattern electroretinograms were obtained with monocular central fixation. Amblyopic eyes were examined...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To investigate the chromatic characteristics and intensity-response function of light-induced reflex lacrimation and its correlation with the melanopsin-driven postillumination pupil response (PIPR). Methods:Eleven visually normal participants completed the experiment. Lacrimation was measured in one eye by pl...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.16-21285
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) volume of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients compared with age- and sex-matched controls using ultra-high field 7.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS:The study included 18 patients with POAG and 18 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. All s...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.14-13902
更新日期：2014-04-10 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the rate and location of visual field (VF) progression before and after detection of disc hemorrhage (DH). METHODS:Disc photographs of consecutive patients with glaucoma with >or=5 SITA-Standard 24-2 VF in either eye were evaluated for the presence and location of DH. Exclusion criteria included di...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.09-3446
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anterior chamber of the eye is an immunosuppressive microenvironment as shown experimentally by immune privilege, anterior chamber-associated immune deviation, and inability to display local delayed-type hypersensitivity responses. It recently was reported that both the aqueous humor and the cells of the iris and ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine whether dexamethasone (DEX)-induced ocular hypertension (OHT) in mice mimics the hallmarks of steroid-induced glaucoma (SIG) in humans, including reduced conventional outflow facility (C), increased extracellular matrix (ECM), and myofibroblasts within the outflow pathway. METHODS:Osmotic mini-pum...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.14-14429
更新日期：2014-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Intraocular pressure response to systemically administered osmotic agents was studied in albino rabbits with one optic nerve transected and the fellow optic nerve left intact. There eas a significant increase in intraocular pressure of both eyes following water ingestion but no significant difference in the pressure r...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Heparanase and VEGF are related closely to angiogenesis in cancer. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the expression and correlation of heparanase and VEGF in hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization. METHODS:C57BL/6 oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice and human retinal microvascular endothelial cell...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.11-9144
更新日期：2012-10-03 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To study the effects of nipradilol, a nonselective beta-blocker with alpha 1-blocking activity and nitroglycerin-like activity, on aqueous humor dynamics and optic nerve head (ONH) circulation in albino rabbits. METHODS:Experiments were carried out during the dark phase, in conscious rabbits conditioned to a s...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To identify potentially pathogenic variants (PPVs) in Chinese familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) patients in FZD4, LRP5, NDP, TSPAN12, ZNF408, and KIF11 genes. Methods:Blood samples were collected from probands and their parent(s). Genomic DNA was analyzed by next-generation sequencing, and the sequen...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.17-23541
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A single injection of 20 mumol sodium selenite/kg body weight in 10-day-old rats caused severe nuclear cataract within 4 days. By 4 days postselenite injection, nuclear calcium levels increased from 0.4 to 6.8 mmol/kg lens dry weight. The purpose of these experiments was to determine if this calcium increase was assoc...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:An early injury response to retinal detachment is disruption of synaptic connectivity between photoreceptors and second-order neurons. Most dramatic is the retraction of rod cell axons and their terminals away from the outer synaptic layer and toward their cell bodies. This study tested whether axonal retractio...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.10-5744
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the diagnostic value of Bruch's membrane opening minimum rim width (BMO-MRW) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) in patients with ocular hypertension, preperimetric, and perimetric glaucoma. METHODS:One hundred eighty-one eyes consisting of 40 healthy controls, 41 ocular hypertensive sub...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1167/iovs.15-18906
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Generate site-specific somatic mutations selectively in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in mice. METHODS:A transgenic mouse line expressing the Cre recombinase under the control of the tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 promoter was generated. The presence of Cre was determined by in situ hybridization, a...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine whether integrin-linked kinase (ILK) controls the organization of the actin cytoskeleton in the trabecular meshwork (TM) by regulating integrin co-signaling. METHODS:The cell binding domain and the Heparin II (Hep II) domain of fibronectin were used to activate α5β1 and α4β1 integrin signaling, re...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.10-6397
更新日期：2011-03-25 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The role of macular pigment (MP) in age-related maculopathy (ARM) is still not clearly understood. Recent studies have reported on variations in the spatial distribution of MP optical density (MPOD) including a secondary peak ("ring") in the slope of the MPOD profile. The authors investigated in a cross-section...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.11-7610
更新日期：2011-10-11 00:00:00
abstract：:A pattern electroretinogram (PERG) can be recorded when the eye wearing the electrode is occluded and the stimulus is viewed with the other eye. We find that this phenomenon occurs when an Arden gold foil electrode is used, but not when either an ERG-Jet lens or a scleral lens electrode is used. Therefore, a corneal-t...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) and other standardized classification schemes have laid a foundation for tremendous advances in the understanding and management of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, technological advances in optics and image analysis, especially optical coherence tomography (OC...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.17-21873
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Retinal neovascularization is one of the leading causes of blindness. A crucial event in this process is the remodeling and penetration of the capillary basement membrane by migrating endothelial cells. This process requires proteolysis of basement membrane components by a variety of proteinases. The objective ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual acuity of infants and young children with ophthalmologic disorders was assessed by adapting a transformed up-down staircase to preferential looking (PL) procedures. Eighty-five percent of pediatric patients between 11 days and 5 years of age were tested successfully. Acuity of infants and young children with no...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibroblasts in the retroocular connective tissue appear to play a central role in the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). We hypothesize that specific attributes, differentiating normal from GO retroocular fibroblasts, may render the latter more vulnerable to the ongoing immunopathological process in GO. We i...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are thought to be associated; however, the details are not yet understood clearly. This study aimed at investigating how retinal anatomic structures relate with the spatial MPOD distribution in single eyes. METHODS:In a subgroup ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.13-12903
更新日期：2014-02-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Isotonic, neutral buffered solutions of benzalkonium chloride or chlorhexidine digluconate were applied topically to one eye of rabbits or human subjects. Contralateral control eyes received phosphate buffered saline as placebo. One-half hour later, the tear film of both eyes was loaded with nonpreserved sodium fluore...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To study retinal microstructure in Usher Syndrome type 1B (USH1B) caused by MYO7A mutations as a prelude to treatment initiatives. METHODS:Patients with MYO7A-USH1B (n=17; ages 5-61) were studied with optical coherence tomography. Retinal laminae across horizontal and vertical meridians were measured. Colocali...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.08-3122
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To identify the disease locus associated with autosomal dominant Fuchs corneal dystrophy (FCD) in a large family and to compare the progression of severity in families mapped to the FCD1 and FCD2 loci. METHODS:Seventeen individuals in a large family were examined by slit lamp biomicroscopy. Blood samples were ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.09-3764
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The histological distribution of R-cognin in chick retinas was determined from embryonic day 8 through 13 wk post-hatching by indirect immunofluorescence using polyclonal anticognin. On embryonic day 8, at a developmental stage without distinct retina layers, most of the cells within the tissue exhibited fluorescence....
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:We compared the reproducibility and mutual agreement of the subfoveal choroidal thickness measurements by expert raters and an automated algorithm in enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) images of eyes with nonneovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS:We recruited 44 ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.12-11521
更新日期：2013-04-23 00:00:00
