Abstract:
PURPOSE:To explore the susceptibilities of adult retinal neurons in dissociated culture to treatments with excitotoxic agonists and the mechanisms of the resultant retinal cell death. METHODS:C57B6 mice were used. Retinas were removed, dissociated, plated on a polylysine/laminin substrate, and maintained in vitro for 5 to 7 days. Excitotoxic agonists (glutamate, N-methyl-D-aspartate [NMDA], or kainic acid [KA]) were added for 30 minutes or 24 hours, sometimes in the presence of modified extracellular ion concentrations or potential blocking agents. The next day, cells were fixed and immunocytochemically stained to identify ganglion and amacrine cells. Surviving cells were counted. RESULTS:Ganglion cells from adult mouse retinas were much less susceptible to excitotoxic death than those prepared from neonatal retinas. Adult amacrine cells were killed by KA, NMDA, or glutamate. Experiments with selective blockers demonstrated that KA killed through AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptors, whereas NMDA and glutamate exerted toxicity through a combination of AMPA and NMDA receptors. The KA-induced death of amacrine cells was not mediated by chloride ions. Removal of extracellular sodium, however, completely prevented the amacrine cell death, and removal of extracellular calcium prevented approximately 70% of the death. The path of calcium entry was investigated. Experiments with selective blockers indicated that the lethal calcium entry was via reverse operation of a sodium-calcium exchanger. CONCLUSIONS:There is a profound developmental regulation in the sensitivity of retina ganglion cells to excitotoxic insults. Excessive intracellular sodium and calcium are the proximal causes of amacrine cell death. The pathologic calcium entry is dependent on the sodium overload, which then drives a sodium-calcium exchanger to take up calcium.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Luo X,Baba A,Matsuda T,Romano Cdoi
10.1167/iovs.04-0166keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-12-01 00:00:00pages
4576-82issue
12eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
45/12/4576journal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The binding of plasma fibronectin to the collagens I, II, and III was greater in a cohort of glaucoma patients. In contrast, binding of plasma fibronectin to collagen type IV was less in 39 glaucoma patients than in any of 3 other diagnostic categories, including 92 patients that were normal, cataract, and glaucoma su...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have used Badal laser optometry to demonstrate significant variance in the distribution of tonic (or "dark-focus") resting positions of accommodation (TA) for groups of observers. This study investigates whether individual differences in TA are due to individual differences in autonomic tone of the ci...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To explore patterns of disease progression in nonneovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) associated with hyperreflective crystalline deposits (HCDs) in the sub-retinal pigment epithelium-basal laminar space. Methods:Retrospective review of medical records, multimodal imaging, and longitudinal eye-tr...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.19-26589
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To test the hypothesis that human choroidal blood flow (ChBF) may depend, not only on ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), but also on absolute mean arterial pressure (MAP) and intraocular pressure (IOP). METHODS:There were two study days in an open design. On the first day, OPP was varied by elevating IOP during ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0307
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Many genome-wide association studies have identified common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the 9p21 glaucoma locus (CDKN2B/CDKN2B-AS1) to be significantly associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), with association being stronger in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and advanced glaucoma. We aim...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-19401
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Methionine-sulfoxide reductases are unique, in that their ability to repair oxidized proteins and MsrA, which reduces S-methionine sulfoxide, can protect lens cells against oxidative stress damage. To date, the roles of MsrB1, -B2 and -B3 which reduce R-methionine sulfoxide have not been established for any mam...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.05-0018
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To perform a mutation screening of TACSTD2 in 13 Iranian Gelatinous Drop-like Corneal Dystrophy (GDLD) pedigrees. To assess genotype-phenotype correlations. To determine intragenic SNP haplotypes associated with the mutations, so as to gain information on their origin. METHODS:The coding region of TACSTD2 was ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0264
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine whether Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) cotransport has the potential to contribute to corneal endothelial ion and fluid transport in cultured and fresh bovine corneal endothelial cells. METHODS:Cl- and Na+ sensitive fluorescent dyes were used to measure furosemide-dependent ion fluxes in cultured and fresh endot...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the role of TIMP-1 in inherited retinal degeneration. METHODS:The genomic structure of the TIMP-1 gene was established and male patients with x-linked retinitis pigmentosa 2 from five families were screened for sequence alterations by direct sequencing in all exons, exon-intron boundaries, and the ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative autoradiography was used to study the incorporation of 3H-thymidine into the retina of albino rats following in vivo exposure to 300-nm radiation. Relative to background labeling in unexposed eyes, there was 8-20 times as much label per unit area in the outer nuclear layer, inner nuclear layer, and gangli...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Subretinal fibrosis causes damage to visual acuity, especially if the lesion is in the macula, as is frequently observed in advanced age-related macular degeneration. Exudate leukocytes form abnormal vessels that initiate regional inflammation accompanied with local glial proliferation and matrix production. Th...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-5189
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We showed previously that single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs662702 in PAX6 may be located in a microRNA-328 binding site that causes susceptibility to high myopia. Our study was done to elucidate the role of PAX6 and its relationship with microRNA-328 in myopia. METHODS:A luciferase assay was used to conf...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-9272
更新日期:2012-05-31 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the expression pattern of claudins in human corneal endothelium, and to evaluate the functional role of the claudin-10b subtype. METHODS:Corneal endothelium with Descemet's membrane and the corneal epithelium were stripped from donor human corneal stroma. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain r...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.13-12022
更新日期:2013-11-08 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess the diagnostic validity of a fully automated image analysis algorithm of in vivo confocal microscopy images in quantifying corneal subbasal nerves to diagnose diabetic neuropathy. METHODS:One hundred eighty-six patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1/T2DM) and 55 age-matched controls un...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.13-13787
更新日期:2014-04-03 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The fibrotic lens disorder posterior capsule opacification (PCO) develops in millions of patients following cataract surgery. PCO characteristics are extensive extracellular matrix (ECM) production and contraction of the posterior lens capsule, resulting in light-scattering ECM modification (wrinkling). The pro...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.12-9457
更新日期:2012-06-26 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:In Program K, a new automated kinetic algorithm that we developed, the frequency distributions of the number of patients' response points were obtained for external angles to distinguish normal and abnormal isopters. We also assessed the agreement between the results of Program K and Goldmann manual kinetic per...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-16182
更新日期:2015-03-05 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To accelerate the development of new therapies, an inherited retinal degeneration model in a nonhuman primate would be useful to confirm the efficacy in preclinical studies. In this study, we describe the discovery of retinitis pigmentosa in a cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) pedigree. Methods:First, sc...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-22958
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the healing of a total corneal epithelial defect extending beyond the limbus, conjunctival transdifferentiation can be inhibited by corneal vascularization as evidenced by the lack of morphological transformation of the conjunctival epithelium into a cornea-like epithelium and the persistence of goblet cells on...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is required for vascular development and for ischemia-related tumor, iris, and retinal neovascularization. The role of VEGF in inflammatory corneal neovascularization is unknown and was investigated in these studies. METHODS:A rat model was used in which removal of the...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:α-Crystallins are small heat shock proteins that regulate cellular damage and cell survival. Expression of the proteins of the crystallin superfamily in the retina and their role in neuronal cell survival were investigated in two animal models of diabetes and retinal neurons in culture. METHODS:Crystallin expr...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6931
更新日期:2011-08-24 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Bicarbonate transport plays a role in aqueous humor (AH) secretion. The authors examined bicarbonate transport mechanisms and carbonic anhydrase (CA) in porcine nonpigmented ciliary epithelium (NPE). METHODS:Cytoplasmic pH (pH(i)) was measured in cultured porcine NPE loaded with BCECF. Anion exchanger (AE), so...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.08-2487
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To biochemically characterize the receptor for connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) of human corneal fibroblasts (HCF). METHODS:Radiolabeled recombinant human CTGF was used to determine the specificity and time course of binding to low-passage cultures of HCF. The affinity and number of receptors present wer...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.12-9425
更新日期:2012-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Smooth pursuit and other eye movements were quantitatively studied in patients with chronic schizophrenia to characterize the pattern and severity of eye movement abnormalities in this disorder. Twenty-one patients with schizophrenia, 13 patients with other psychiatric disorders (manic-depressive psychosis, schizoaffe...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate somatic mitochondrial (mt)DNA mutations in the macula during ageing. METHODS:Ten 30-microm cryostat sections from the macula (foveal and perifoveal regions) and peripheral retina of 14 donors (aged 14-94 years) were cut for cytochrome c oxidase cytochemistry. The photoreceptor layer was microdissec...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We assessed whether partial occlusion of the nonamblyopic eye with Bangerter filters can immediately reduce suppression and promote binocular summation of contrast in observers with amblyopia. METHODS:In Experiment 1, suppression was measured for 22 observers (mean age, 20 years; range, 14-32 years; 10 females...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-15224
更新日期:2014-10-28 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Identification of causative mutations for retinal blinding disorders is often limited by restricted understanding of gene expression and underlying molecular mechanisms that trigger degenerative processes. This study was conducted to develop a catalog of canine retina-expressed genes that would provide a unique...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.05-1463
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine transforming growth factor (TGF) beta effects on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) as a potential cause of the blood-retinal barrier breakdown at the onset of angiogenesis. Previously, glial cells were shown to play a role in the angiogenesis process and to express the angiogenic regulating factor T...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The outcome of glaucoma filtration surgery is affected by subconjunctival wound healing. The effects of the antiglaucoma drug latanoprost on the contractility of human Tenon fibroblasts (HTFs) cultured in a three-dimensional collagen gel were investigated. METHODS:HTFs were cultured in a type I collagen gel wi...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0451
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the size variation of the X-chromosomal human red and green visual pigment gene array in the general population using pulsed field gel electrophoresis and Southern blotting. METHODS:Peripheral blood lymphocytes were prepared from 67 anonymous males. The cells were embedded in agarose and the genom...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The capacities of porcine choroidal fibroblasts, retinal glial cells, and retinal pigment epithelial cells to contract collagen gels in vitro were compared. Experiments with varied cell numbers indicated that glial cells are the most effective, followed by choroidal fibroblasts and retinal pigment epithelial cells. An...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00