Abstract:
:Previous studies have used Badal laser optometry to demonstrate significant variance in the distribution of tonic (or "dark-focus") resting positions of accommodation (TA) for groups of observers. This study investigates whether individual differences in TA are due to individual differences in autonomic tone of the ciliary muscle by comparing separately the effects of a muscarinic receptor antagonist (Tropicamide 0.5%) and a beta receptor agonist (Isoprenaline 3%) on the distribution of TA. Ten subjects were used for each study with mean ages of 23.2 and 23.0 yr, respectively. The distribution of TA within each subject group was equivalent to the large sample distributions published in previous literature. Darkroom measurements of TA and pupil diameter were determined with a Badal laser optometer and infrared photography. Distance correction and amplitude of accommodation were determined by standard optometric techniques. Isoprenaline produced a significant hyperopic shift in TA of 0.47 D over 22 min but this was not accompanied by a significant change in standard deviation of the TA distribution. This finding was in accord with the authors' previously reported investigation using the beta receptor antagonist Timolol Maleate. Tropicamide also produced a significant hyperopic shift in TA of 1.24 D over 24 min, and this was accompanied by a significant change in standard deviation of the distribution from 0.87 to 0.17. The results indicate that the parasympathetic system plays a significant role in determining the TA position and that the variations in TA between individuals is a consequence of parasympathetic rather than sympathetic ciliary muscle tone.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Gilmartin B,Hogan REsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-07-01 00:00:00pages
1024-8issue
7eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章abstract:Purpose:Synucleinopathies such as multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease are associated with a variety of visual symptoms. Functional and morphological retinal aberrations are therefore supposed to be valuable biomarkers for these neurodegenerative diseases. This study examined the retinal morphology and...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.61.6.12
更新日期:2020-06-03 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of lomerizine, a Ca2+ antagonist, on the ocular tissue circulation in rabbits and on the circulation in the optic nerve head (ONH) and choroid in healthy volunteers. METHODS:Lomerizine (0.1 [n=10] or 0.3 [n=11] mg/kg) or vehicle solution (n=11) was injected intravenously in urethane-...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.02-1173
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple clinical method for measurement of light backscatter from defined regions of the lens in vivo is described. Light scattering was quantitated in 168 lenses of 85 "normal" subjects spanning 8 decades of life. The results indicate that light scatter from the anterior capsule does not change with age. The light s...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gross correlation coefficient between light-scattering intensity and the optical parameters obtained for 48 sections of eight lenses with nuclear cataracts were evaluated. On the basis of these and other data in the literature, the structural elements, within the lens fiber are identified. These give rise to the optic...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Purpose The role of endothelial Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) in the pathogenesis of retinal angiogenesis and the astrocyte network in the mouse oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model is unknown. Methods:For in vivo studies, OIR was induced in conditional endothelial YAP knockout mice and their wild-type litt...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.61.4.1
更新日期:2020-04-09 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether the lipid peroxidation inhibitor tirilazad mesylate can block the death of retinal ganglion cells induced by the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. METHODS:Rat retinal ganglion cells were labeled retrogradely with the fluorescent tracer DiI, and mixed cultures were pre...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The authors used and validated a recently developed method, mRNA differential display, to detect and clone genes that are differentially expressed in healing compared to stationary corneal epithelium. METHODS:RNAs from unwounded and 18-hour postwound corneal epithelia were isolated and subjected to mRNA differ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-15521
更新日期:2014-12-16 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To describe the phenotypic spectrum of retinal disease caused by the c.2991+1655A>G mutation in CEP290 and to compare disease severity between homozygous and compound heterozygous patients. Methods:Medical records were reviewed for best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), age of onset, fundoscopy descriptions. Fov...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-24817
更新日期:2018-09-04 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-22952
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.12-9893
更新日期:2013-01-17 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-21535
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10169
更新日期:2013-02-27 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.03-1057
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.13-13825
更新日期:2014-10-16 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.03-0303
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-8261
更新日期:2011-10-31 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-14429
更新日期:2014-07-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-06-21 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi:
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00