Abstract：
:Microglia, the resident macrophage of the brain, can release substances that aid neuronal development, differentiation and survival. We have investigated the effects of non-activated microglia on the survival of cultured rat cerebellar granule neurones. Microglial-conditioned medium, collected from primary rat microglial cultures, was used to treat 7-day-in-vitro neurones, and neuronal viability and proliferation was assessed following a further 1 or 7 days in culture. Microglial-conditioned medium enhanced neuronal survival by up to 50% compared with untreated neurones and this effect was completely abated by pretreatment of the microglia with l-leucine methyl ester. The expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 increased in neuronal cultures treated with microglial-conditioned medium suggesting enhanced proliferation of precursor neurones. Microglial-induced neuronal proliferation could be attenuated by specific inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase or phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt signalling pathways, and by selective fractionation and immunodepletion of the microglial-conditioned medium. Activation of the Notch pathway was enhanced as antibody against the Notch ligand, delta-1, prevented the microglial-induced neuronal proliferation. These results show that microglia release stable neurotrophic factors that can promote neuronal precursor cell proliferation.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Morgan SC,Taylor DL,Pocock JMdoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02461.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-07-01 00:00:00pages
89-101issue
1eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159pii
JNC2461journal_volume
90pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in both the pathogenesis of and protection from NMDA receptor-mediated neuronal injury. This apparent paradox has been attributed to alternate redox states of nitrogen monoxide, whereby, depending on the redox milieu, nitrogen monoxide can be neuroprotective via nitrosation chemis...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0721843.x
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cultures of neonatal rat superior cervical ganglia (SCG) were used to test the hypothesis that the cytokines leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) control GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH) gene expression and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) content as traits of the noradrenergic phenotyp...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66062541.x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microglial activation can lead to microglial apoptosis, which may serve to remove highly reactive and possibly neurotoxic microglia. However the loss of microglia may have consequences for future recovery, protection and repair. P53, a nuclear phosphoprotein transcription factor, is critical for activating the express...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06485.x
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aggregates of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) have been demonstrated in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) and other neurodegenerative diseases; however, their role in disease pathogenesis is unclear. In this study, we investigated the presence of SOD aggregates in nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01056.x
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have revealed changes in immunohistochemical stains for calcium-binding proteins after manipulations that influence intracellular calcium. Cases have been revealed in which these changes in immunoreactivity were not correlated with changes in protein amounts. The present experiments examined whether t...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66020764.x
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Capillaries in vertebrate brain have unique permeability properties that make up the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Although it is known that capillaries are innervated by nerve endings of intracerebral origin and that brain capillary function is likely acutely regulated by neuronal inputs, the possible mechanisms of neur...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb05534.x
更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A role for neurotrophic factors, in particular brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), in modulating synaptic plasticity in the adult brain has been described in recent years by several laboratories. A great deal of emphasis has been placed on establishing its precise role in the expression of long-term potentiation...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00334.x
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myelin-deficient (mld) is a complex mutation affecting the myelin basic protein (MBP) locus of the mouse. It consists of duplication and partial inversion of the MBP gene and results in a dysfunctional MBP locus. The mutant phenotype is reversed, both in vivo and in vitro, in approximately 5% of mld oligodendrocytes. ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68020457.x
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the effects of wild-type and mutant atlastin-1 on vesicle transport in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi interface and vesicle budding from ER-derived microsomes using the temperature-sensitive reporter vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G), and the ability of purified atlastin-1 to form tubul...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06258.x
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using optical imaging of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) calcium dynamics in living intact retinal wholemount preparations, we tested whether RGCs in an experimental rat glaucoma model were more sensitive to exogenously applied glutamate as a result of deficient glutamate clearance mechanisms. In contrast to post-natal ra...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03214.x
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tubulin tyrosine ligase catalyzes the reversible addition of tyrosine to the C-terminus of tubulin alpha chains. By using ligase and carboxypeptidase A in conjunction, we have previously shown that brain cytoplasmic tubulin exists in three forms: 15-40% already has C-terminal tyrosine, another 10-30% can accept additi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb03708.x
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adrenal chromaffin cells release neurotransmitters in response to stress and may be involved in conditions such as post-traumatic stress and anxiety disorders. Neurotransmitter release is triggered, in part, by activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). However, despite decades of use as a model system ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.14966
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The N141I missense mutation in presenilin (PS) 2 is tightly linked with a form of autosomal dominant familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the Volga German families. We have generated transgenic mouse lines overexpressing human wild-type or mutant PS2 under transcriptional control of the chicken beta-actin promoter. In...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71010313.x
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present experiments assessed the effects of SR 48692, a selective nonpeptide antagonist of neurotensin receptors, on mesolimbic dopaminergic neurotransmission. Dopamine release evoked by the electrical stimulation of the median forebrain bundle (20 Hz, 10 s) was measured in the nucleus accumbens of urethane-anesth...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64052073.x
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study describes the effect of signalling through muscarinic acetylcholine receptors on two transcription factors implicated in long-term synaptic plasticity and memory formation, EGR1 and the cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB). In SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells, treatment with the cholinergic agonist...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00992.x
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rabbit retinas were maintained in a physiological state in vitro and exposed to 0.5-h pulses of labeled leucine. Protein synthesis was determined from incorporation of the label, and degradation from its subsequent release. The retinas were treated as test-control pairs. The control retina remained in darkness while t...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb12499.x
更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:K-252b is a kinase inhibitor structurally related to K-252a, which is known to abolish selectively the effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) on PC12 cells and PNS neurons. We tested whether K-252b, K-252a, and staurosporine, another related compound, are effective and selective inhibitors of NGF actions on CNS neurons....
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb08243.x
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For clarification of the beneficial effects of the extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGB) on triethyltin (TET) toxicity in rats, the phosphodiesterase (PDE) activities of the cerebral tissue were measured under in vitro and ex vivo conditions. Under in vitro conditions, low concentrations of EGB (0.25-4.0 mg/L) activated the ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb03401.x
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The regional distribution and acylation of intraventricularly injected [14C]cadaverine was studied in the rat brain over a 48-h period. The concentrations of labeled cadaverine and its acyl derivatives, N-monoacetylcadaverine and N-monopropionylcadaverine, were determined in the telencephalon, striatum, hypothalamus, ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb04682.x
更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Benzodiazepines are commonly used as sedatives, sleeping aids, and anti-anxiety drugs. However, chronic treatment with benzodiazepines is known to induce dependence, which is considered related to neuroplastic changes in the mesolimbic system. This study investigated the involvement of K(+) -Cl(-) co-transporter 2 (KC...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.12258
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies point to quaternary assembly of dopamine transporters (DATs) in oligomers. However, it is not clear whether the protomers function independently in the oligomer. Is each protomer an entirely separate unit that takes up dopamine and is inhibited by drugs known to block DAT function? In this work, human...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13025
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A glycoprotein ATPase in cholinergic synaptic vesicles of Torpedo electric organ was solubilized with octa-ethylene glycol dodecyl ether detergent. Study of potential stabilizing factors identified crude brain phosphatidylserine, glycerol, dithiothreitol, and protease inhibitors as of value in maintaining activity. Th...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb08524.x
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent study has linked the butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) K-variant and the apolipoprotein epsilon4 isoform to late-onset Alzheimer's disease. These findings have been controversial and have led us to examine the differences between wild-type and K-variant BChE in enzyme activity, protein stability, and quaternary st...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.740869.x
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Binding of DL-alpha-[3H]amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazole-4-propionic acid ([3H]AMPA) to lysed rat brain membranes in the presence of potassium thiocyanate resulted in curvilinear Scatchard plots that could be resolved by regression analysis into a large low-affinity component and a small high-affinity component. Sol...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb10086.x
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abnormalities in the kynurenine pathway may play a role in Huntington's disease (HD). In this study, tryptophan depletion and loading were used to investigate changes in blood kynurenine pathway metabolites, as well as markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in HD patients and healthy controls. Results showed tha...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03070.x
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are bioactive eicosanoids produced from arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases. We previously described the expression of cytochrome P450-2J epoxygenase in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons and that EETs signaling is involved in cerebrovascular dilation resulting from perivascu...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07059.x
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Coffin-Lowry syndrome, a rare syndromic form of X-linked mental retardation, is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the hRSK2 (RPS6KA3) gene. To further investigate RSK2 (90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase) implication in cognitive processes, a mrsk2_KO mouse has previously been generated as an animal model of Coffin-...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05703.x
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malignant gliomas are common and aggressive brain tumours associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We showed in this report that substratum adherence and migration by human U87MG glioma cells in culture were significantly attenuated by the extracellular domains of Nogo-A (Nogo-66) and the myelin-associated...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02573.x
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperglycemia is known to induce microvascular complications, thereby altering blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. This study investigated the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their endogenous inhibitors in increased BBB permeability and evaluated the protective effect of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) in...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.12939
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The long-term regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) by serotonin has been studied with cultures of newborn rat locus ceruleus explants. The presence of serotonin in the culture medium for a 24-h period was followed by an inhibition of TH activity in the explants. This effect lasted several days, with a maximal effec...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb00945.x
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
