H5N1 influenza: a protean pandemic threat.

abstract：:The pancreatic beta cell can respond in the long term to hyperglycemia both with an increased capacity for insulin production and, in susceptible individuals, with apoptosis. When glucose-induced apoptosis offsets the increasing beta cell capacity, type 2 diabetes results. Here, we tested the idea that the pathway of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu K,Paterson AJ,Chin E,Kudlow JE

更新日期：2000-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to assess whether DNA rearrangement occurs with equal frequency at each of the several J (joining region) elements in the mouse kappa light chain locus, we set out to determine the relative frequency of usage of J kappa segments in populations of B lymphocytes unperturbed by antigenic selection or cloning. To...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wood DL,Coleclough C

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The presence of nerve growth factor (NGF) mRNA and protein in the rat central nervous system is documented. Blot-hybridization analysis showed an abundance of NGF mRNA in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and olfactory bulb. Enzyme immunoassay confirmed significant levels of a NGF-like protein in the hippocampus and c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Whittemore SR,Ebendal T,Lärkfors L,Olson L,Seiger A,Strömberg I,Persson H

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A purified EcoRI restriction endonuclease fragment that determines resistance to kanamycin and is incapable of self-replication was used to select autonomously replicating fragments from an EcoRI digest of a Salmonella typhimurium F' plasmid containing the chromosomal region believed to include the S. typhimurium orig...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zyskind JW,Deen LT,Smith DW

更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The linear ubiquitin assembly complex (LUBAC) comprises 3 components: HOIP, HOIL-1, and Sharpin, of which HOIP and HOIL-1 are both members of the RBR subfamily of E3 ubiquitin ligases. HOIP catalyses the formation of Met1-linked ubiquitin oligomers (also called linear ubiquitin), but the function of the E3 ligase acti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kelsall IR,Zhang J,Knebel A,Arthur JSC,Cohen P

更新日期：2019-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:X-ray diffraction studies have produced a low resolution image and also located the iron atoms of a monomeric hemerythrin from muscles of a sipunculan worm. These results reveal the course of the polypeptide chain and some details of the active center. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hendrickson WA,Klippenstein GL,Ward KB

更新日期：1975-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because of the relative inaccessibility of known calciferol target tissues (i.e., intestine and bone), we examined fibroblasts derived from normal human skin and grown in tissue culture as a means of evaluating the interaction of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25(OH)2D3] and its effector system. When dispersed, inta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eil C,Marx SJ

更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expression of the homeobox protein CDX1 is lost or reduced in a significant proportion of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) but the underlying mechanism for this is unclear. We have demonstrated absence of CDX1 mRNA expression in 7 of 37 CRC cell lines and shown that all 7 cell lines have a methylated CDX1 promoter. Twenty...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wong NA,Britton MP,Choi GS,Stanton TK,Bicknell DC,Wilding JL,Bodmer WF

更新日期：2004-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Intrinsic genetic instability of RNA viruses may lead to the accumulation of revertants during manufacture of live viral vaccines, requiring rigorous quality control to ensure vaccine safety. Each lot of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) is tested for neurovirulence in animals and also for the presence of neurovirulent re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Neverov A,Chumakov K

更新日期：2010-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously identified a cellular transcription factor, ATF, which is involved in the expression of multiple adenovirus E1a-inducible genes. Here we show that ATF also binds to regulatory elements in cellular cAMP-inducible promoters. In these cellular promoters, ATF binds to a consensus sequence that has been ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lin YS,Green MR

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human embryonic zeta-globin chains are alpha-globin-like chains that are normally present during the first three months of gestation. In this investigation, zeta-globin chains measured by a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay and by an electrophoretic technique were found to be present in all 7 patients studied wi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chung SW,Wong SC,Clarke BJ,Patterson M,Walker WH,Chui DH

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Purified influenza viral cores catalyze the entire process of viral RNA transcription, which includes the endonucleolytic cleavage of heterologous RNAs containing cap 1 (m(7)GpppNm) structures to generate capped primers 10-13 nucleotides long, the initiation of transcription via the incorporation of a guanosine residu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ulmanen I,Broni BA,Krug RM

更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a malignant tumor of the nasal mucosa whose histogenesis is unclear. A relationship to neuroblastoma (NB), a pediatric tumor of the sympathetic nervous system, is based on morphologic similarities and the expression of similar neural antigens. However, the clinical presentation of ONB ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sorensen PH,Wu JK,Berean KW,Lim JF,Donn W,Frierson HF,Reynolds CP,López-Terrada D,Triche TJ

更新日期：1996-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The origins and consequences of a regulatory T cell (Treg) disorder in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are poorly understood. In the (NZBxNZW) F(1) mouse model of lupus, we found that CD4(+)Foxp3(+) Treg failed to maintain a competitive pool size in the peripheral lymphoid organs resulting in a progressive homeosta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Humrich JY,Morbach H,Undeutsch R,Enghard P,Rosenberger S,Weigert O,Kloke L,Heimann J,Gaber T,Brandenburg S,Scheffold A,Huehn J,Radbruch A,Burmester GR,Riemekasten G

更新日期：2010-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:In response to hypoxia the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) mediates transcriptional activation of a network of genes encoding erythropoietin, vascular endothelial growth factor, and several glycolytic enzymes. HIF-1 consists of a heterodimer of two basic helix-loop-helix PAS (Per/Arnt/Sim) proteins, HIF-1alpha and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kallio PJ,Pongratz I,Gradin K,McGuire J,Poellinger L

更新日期：1997-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Heme oxygenase (HO) catalyzes the opening of the heme ring with the release of iron in both plants and animals. In cyanobacteria, red algae, and cryptophyceae, HO is a key enzyme in the synthesis of the chromophoric part of the photosynthetic antennae. In an attempt to study the regulation of this key metabolic step, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Richaud C,Zabulon G

更新日期：1997-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:When the dog kidney Na+/K+-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.1.37, formerly EC 3.6.1.3) was labeled with an ATP analogue, 5'-(p-fluorosulfonyl)benzoyladenosine (FSBA), there was a concomitant loss of ATPase activity. The presence of ATP protected the enzyme from both labeling and inactivation. The ATP-sensitive incorporatio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ohta T,Nagano K,Yoshida M

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroinflammation is an important contributor to neuronal pathology and death in neurodegenerative diseases and neuronal injury. Therapeutic interventions blocking the activity of the inflammatory kinase IKKβ, a key regulator of neuroinflammatory pathways, is protective in several animal models of neurodegenerative di...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ochaba J,Fote G,Kachemov M,Thein S,Yeung SY,Lau AL,Hernandez S,Lim RG,Casale M,Neel MJ,Monuki ES,Reidling J,Housman DE,Thompson LM,Steffan JS

更新日期：2019-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Noninvasive prenatal testing using fetal DNA in maternal plasma is an actively researched area. The current generation of tests using massively parallel sequencing is based on counting plasma DNA sequences originating from different genomic regions. In this study, we explored a different approach that is based on the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yu SC,Chan KC,Zheng YW,Jiang P,Liao GJ,Sun H,Akolekar R,Leung TY,Go AT,van Vugt JM,Minekawa R,Oudejans CB,Nicolaides KH,Chiu RW,Lo YM

更新日期：2014-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is highly expressed in mammalian skeletal muscle, but its functional role has not been defined. NO has been implicated in the local metabolic regulation of blood flow in contracting skeletal muscle in part by antagonizing sympathetic vasoconstriction. We therefore h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thomas GD,Sander M,Lau KS,Huang PL,Stull JT,Victor RG

更新日期：1998-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the present study was to assess possible adverse effects of transgene expression in leaves of field-grown barley relative to the influence of genetic background and the effect of plant interaction with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. We conducted transcript profiling, metabolome profiling, and metabolic finge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kogel KH,Voll LM,Schäfer P,Jansen C,Wu Y,Langen G,Imani J,Hofmann J,Schmiedl A,Sonnewald S,von Wettstein D,Cook RJ,Sonnewald U

更新日期：2010-04-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Prolonged periods of extreme heat or drought in the first year after fire affect the resilience and diversity of fire-dependent ecosystems by inhibiting seed germination or increasing mortality of seedlings and resprouting individuals. This interaction between weather and fire is of growing concern as climate changes,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Slingsby JA,Merow C,Aiello-Lammens M,Allsopp N,Hall S,Kilroy Mollmann H,Turner R,Wilson AM,Silander JA Jr

更新日期：2017-05-02 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed a procedure for purifying highly specific polyclonal antibodies against 5-methylcytosine. These antibodies were used to probe the distribution of 5-methylcytosine among fractionated nucleosomes of mouse cell chromatin. Our results demonstrate that at least 80% of the 5-methylcytosine is localized in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ball DJ,Gross DS,Garrard WT

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The most frequent form of inherited amyloidoses is associated with mutations in the transthyretin (TTR) gene coding for 127-amino acid residues of four identical, noncovalently linked subunits that form a pair of dimers in the plasma protein complex. Amyloid fibrils containing the variant and to a lesser extent the wi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jenne DE,Denzel K,Blätzinger P,Winter P,Obermaier B,Linke RP,Altland K

更新日期：1996-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Papillomaviruses are small DNA viruses that are associated with benign and malignant epithelial lesions, including >95% of cervical cancers and approximately 20% of head and neck cancers. Because papillomavirus replication and virion production are tied to epithelial cell differentiation, infectious papillomavirus vir...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pyeon D,Lambert PF,Ahlquist P

更新日期：2005-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:With the completion of genome sequences of major model organisms, increasingly sophisticated genetic tools are necessary for investigating the complex and coordinated functions of genes. Here we describe a genetic manipulation system termed "genomic engineering" in Drosophila. Genomic engineering is a 2-step process t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang J,Zhou W,Dong W,Watson AM,Hong Y

更新日期：2009-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The attachment of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) to bovine endothelial monolayers is increased by pretreatment of the endothelial cells with leukotriene B4 (LTB4). The response is dose dependent with a maximum at 10(-6) M, requires no more than 1 min of preincubation for the maximal effect, and decays linear...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hoover RL,Karnovsky MJ,Austen KF,Corey EJ,Lewis RA

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estimates of 21st Century global-mean surface temperature increase have generally been based on scenarios that do not include climate policies. Newly developed multigas mitigation scenarios, based on a wide range of modeling approaches and socioeconomic assumptions, now allow the assessment of possible impacts of clim...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Van Vuuren DP,Meinshausen M,Plattner GK,Joos F,Strassmann KM,Smith SJ,Wigley TM,Raper SC,Riahi K,de la Chesnaye F,den Elzen MG,Fujino J,Jiang K,Nakicenovic N,Paltsev S,Reilly JM

更新日期：2008-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) thymidine kinase is currently used as a suicide agent in the gene therapy of cancer. This therapy is based on the preferential phosphorylation of nucleoside analogs by tumor cells expressing HSV-1 thymidine kinase. However, the use of HSV-1 thymidine kinase is limited in part by the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Black ME,Newcomb TG,Wilson HM,Loeb LA

更新日期：1996-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Exocytotic membrane fusion and secretion are promoted by the concerted action of GTP and Ca2+, although the precise site(s) of action in the process are not presently known. However, the calcium-dependent membrane fusion reaction driven by synexin (annexin VII) is an in vitro model for this process, which we have now ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Caohuy H,Srivastava M,Pollard HB

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00