Olfactory neuroblastoma is a peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor related to Ewing sarcoma.

abstract：:The nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor (nAChR) plays a crucial role in excitatory neurotransmission and is an important target for drugs and insecticides. Diverse nAChR subtypes with various subunit combinations confer differential selectivity for nicotinic drugs. We investigated the subtype selectivity of nAChR a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tomizawa M,Maltby D,Talley TT,Durkin KA,Medzihradszky KF,Burlingame AL,Taylor P,Casida JE

更新日期：2008-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:IFNs are a family of cytokines that are essential for the antiviral response in vertebrates. Not surprisingly, viruses have adapted to encode virulence factors to cope with the IFN response. Intriguingly, we show here that all three types of interferons, IFN-α, IFN-γ, and IFN-λ, efficiently promote infection by a huma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhao X,Guo F,Liu F,Cuconati A,Chang J,Block TM,Guo JT

更新日期：2014-05-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutational processes of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in complex genomes are poorly understood. We examined these processes by introducing a two-phase mutation model. In this model, most mutations are single-step changes, but infrequent large jumps in repeat number also occur. We used computer simulations to determin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Di Rienzo A,Peterson AC,Garza JC,Valdes AM,Slatkin M,Freimer NB

更新日期：1994-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Somatic cell hybridization of mouse erythroleukemia (MEL) cells and HEL cells, a human erythroleukemia line that produces fetal (gamma) but fails to express adult (beta) globin, was used to test whether the expression of the two human globin genes is regulated cis or trans. An experimental approach using anti-human gl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Papayannopoulou TH,Lindsley D,Kurachi S,Lewison K,Hemenway T,Melis M,Anagnou NP,Najfeld V

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Destruction of mitotic cyclins by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis is required for cells to complete mitosis and enter interphase of the next cell cycle. In clam eggs, this process is catalyzed by a cyclin-selective ubiquitin carrier protein, E2-C, and the cyclosome/anaphase promoting complex (APC), a 20S particle cont...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Townsley FM,Aristarkhov A,Beck S,Hershko A,Ruderman JV

更新日期：1997-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in the secondary structure of some dozen different proteins upon lyophilization of their aqueous solutions have been investigated by means of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in the amide III band region. Dehydration markedly (but reversibly) alters the secondary structure of all the proteins studied, a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Griebenow K,Klibanov AM

更新日期：1995-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs reduce the risk of colon cancer, possibly via cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition. The growth factor-inducible COX-2, which is overexpressed in neoplastic colonic tissue, is an attractive target to mediate this effect. Herein we have exploited the ability of a human colon cancer cell li...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Coffey RJ,Hawkey CJ,Damstrup L,Graves-Deal R,Daniel VC,Dempsey PJ,Chinery R,Kirkland SC,DuBois RN,Jetton TL,Morrow JD

更新日期：1997-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell-mediated immunity is critical for host resistance to tuberculosis. T lymphocytes recognizing antigens presented by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules have been found to be necessary for control of mycobacterial infection. Mice genetically deficient in the generation of MHC c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Teitelbaum R,Cammer M,Maitland ML,Freitag NE,Condeelis J,Bloom BR

更新日期：1999-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Incubation of O6-[3H]ethylguanine-containing DNA with a rat liver chromatin fraction resulted in a decrease in the O6-ethylguanine content of the DNA. Analysis of the products of this reaction showed that the ethyl group had been transferred from the O6-ethylguanine to a protein acceptor. When the incubation mixture w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mehta JR,Ludlum DB,Renard A,Verly WG

更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolism of [3-13C]alanine in the presence and absence of beta-hydroxybutyrate or ethanol has been followed at 25 degrees C by 13C NMR at 90.5 MHz in primary hepatocytes from untreated rats and rats treated with triiodothyronine and not allowed to eat for 24 hr. The phosphoenolpyruvate/pyruvate futile cycle was foll...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cohen SM,Glynn P,Shulman RG

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A preparative two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel system was used to separate and purify the major Coomassie blue-stained proteins from the isolated rat liver nuclear matrix. Approximately 12 major proteins were consistently found. Of these, 5 proteins represented identified proteins, including nuclear lamins A, B, and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakayasu H,Berezney R

更新日期：1991-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks) has been implicated in apoptosis induced by various stimuli. We find that the Fas-induced activation of cdc2 and cdk2 in Jurkat cells is not dependent on protein synthesis, which is shut down very early during apoptosis before caspase-3 activation. Instead, activation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhou BB,Li H,Yuan J,Kirschner MW

更新日期：1998-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Intramembrane proteolysis is a new paradigm in biology that controls signaling events throughout evolution. Hydrolysis of peptide bonds is thought to occur within the normally hydrophobic membrane environment, but insights into this unusual activity have been lacking because of difficulty in recapitulating activity in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Urban S,Wolfe MS

更新日期：2005-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants adapt to alterations in light conditions by controlling their gene expression profiles. Expression of light-inducible genes is transcriptionally induced by transcription factors such as HY5. However, few detailed analyses have been carried out on the control of transcription start sites (TSSs). Of the various w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kurihara Y,Makita Y,Kawashima M,Fujita T,Iwasaki S,Matsui M

更新日期：2018-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Photoperiodic control of flowering time is believed to affect latitudinal distribution of plants. The blue light receptor CRY2 regulates photoperiodic flowering in the experimental model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. However, it is unclear whether genetic variations affecting cryptochrome activity or expression is broad...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang Q,Li H,Li R,Hu R,Fan C,Chen F,Wang Z,Liu X,Fu Y,Lin C

更新日期：2008-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:NY-ESO-1 is a "cancer-testis" antigen frequently expressed in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and is among the most immunogenic tumor antigens defined to date. In an effort to understand in vivo tolerance mechanisms, we assessed the phenotype and function of NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T cells derived from peripheral blo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matsuzaki J,Gnjatic S,Mhawech-Fauceglia P,Beck A,Miller A,Tsuji T,Eppolito C,Qian F,Lele S,Shrikant P,Old LJ,Odunsi K

更新日期：2010-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:We have identified a gene, rig (rat insulinoma gene), that is activated in chemically induced rat insulinomas but not in normal pancreatic islets or in regenerating islets. In the present study, we have found that the insulinoma gene was activated in a BK virus-induced hamster insulinoma cell line and in a spontaneous...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Inoue C,Shiga K,Takasawa S,Kitagawa M,Yamamoto H,Okamoto H

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effect of actin filament barbed end uncapping on Arp23 complex function both in vivo and in vitro. Arp23 complex redistributes rapidly and uniformly to the lamellar edge of activated wild-type platelets and fibroblasts but clusters in marginal actin filament clumps in gelsolin-null cells. Treatment...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Falet H,Hoffmeister KM,Neujahr R,Italiano JE Jr,Stossel TP,Southwick FS,Hartwig JH

更新日期：2002-12-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an intricate network composed of an array of macromolecules capable of regulating the functional responsiveness of cells. Its composition greatly varies among different types of tissue, and dysregulation of its metabolism may contribute to vascular remodeling during the pathogenesis o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roth M,Eickelberg O,Kohler E,Erne P,Block LH

更新日期：1996-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:There is pronounced seasonal plasticity in the morphology of the neural circuits that regulate song behavior in adult songbirds, primarily in response to changes in plasma testosterone (T) levels. Most song nuclei have androgen receptors. Afferent input from the telencephalic nucleus HVc (also known as the "high vocal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brenowitz EA,Lent K

更新日期：2002-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:A unique neuronal system was detected in the rat central nervous system by immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay with antibodies to salmon melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH). MCH-like immunoreactive (MCH-LI) cell bodies were confined to the hypothalamus. MCH-LI fibers were found throughout the brain but were most...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zamir N,Skofitsch G,Bannon MJ,Jacobowitz DM

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans shift their gaze to a new location several times per second. It is still unclear what determines where they look next. Fixation behavior is influenced by the low-level salience of the visual stimulus, such as luminance, contrast, and color, but also by high-level task demands and prior knowledge. Under natural ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schütz AC,Trommershäuser J,Gegenfurtner KR

更新日期：2012-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:All life on Earth is built of organic molecules, so the primordial sources of reduced carbon remain a major open question in studies of the origin of life. A variant of the alkaline-hydrothermal-vent theory for life's emergence suggests that organics could have been produced by the reduction of CO2 via H2 oxidation, f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hudson R,de Graaf R,Strandoo Rodin M,Ohno A,Lane N,McGlynn SE,Yamada YMA,Nakamura R,Barge LM,Braun D,Sojo V

更新日期：2020-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously shown that surfactant protein A (SP-A) mediates in vitro killing of mycoplasmas by alveolar macrophages (AMs) from resistant C57BL/6 mice through a nitric oxide (.NO)-dependent mechanism. Herein, SP-A-deficient [SP-A(-/-)] and inducible.NO synthase-deficient [iNOS(-/-)] mice were infected intranasal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hickman-Davis J,Gibbs-Erwin J,Lindsey JR,Matalon S

更新日期：1999-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The HIV type 1 (HIV-1) virion infectivity factor (Vif) protein blocks the action of the host defense factor APOBEC3G in human cells, thereby allowing release of infectious virions, but fails to inhibit similar APOBEC3G proteins present in some simian cells. Conversely, the Vif protein encoded by the African green monk...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bogerd HP,Doehle BP,Wiegand HL,Cullen BR

更新日期：2004-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibronectin (FN) forms the primitive fibrillar matrix in both embryos and healing wounds. To study the matrix in living cell cultures, we have constructed a cell line that secretes FN molecules chimeric with green fluorescent protein. These FN-green fluorescent protein molecules were assembled into a typical matrix th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ohashi T,Kiehart DP,Erickson HP

更新日期：1999-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein tyrosine phosphorylation in purified synaptic vesicles from rat forebrain has been studied in the presence of Mn2+ and orthovanadate. High levels of endogenous protein tyrosine phosphorylation were observed. Four major phosphoproteins, with apparent molecular masses of 105, 94, 38, and 30 kDa, were shown to co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pang DT,Wang JK,Valtorta F,Benfenati F,Greengard P

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unconscious neural activity has been repeatedly shown to precede and potentially even influence subsequent free decisions. However, to date, such findings have been mostly restricted to simple motor choices, and despite considerable debate, there is no evidence that the outcome of more complex free decisions can be pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Soon CS,He AH,Bode S,Haynes JD

更新日期：2013-04-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Although genetic analysis has demonstrated that members of the winged helix, or forkhead, family of transcription factors play pivotal roles in the regulation of cellular differentiation and proliferation, both during development and in the adult, little is known of the mechanisms underlying their regulation. Here we ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Biggs WH 3rd,Meisenhelder J,Hunter T,Cavenee WK,Arden KC

更新日期：1999-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The yeast auxiliary transcription factor GAL11, a candidate for the coactivator, was partially purified from yeast cells, and its function was characterized in a cell-free transcription system. The partially purified GAL11 protein stimulated basal transcription from the CYC1 core promoter by a factor of 4-5 at the ste...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sakurai H,Hiraoka Y,Fukasawa T

更新日期：1993-09-15 00:00:00