Abstract:
:The objective of the study is to characterize the risk of tumors from radiation exposure to the head and neck. A cohort of 2,224 children given x-ray treatment and 1,380 given only topical medications for ringworm of the scalp (tinea capitis) during 1940-1959 have been followed up for a median of 39 y to determine tumor incidence. Follow-ups were by mail/telephone questionnaire, with 84-88% of the original cohort followed and with medical verification of diseases of interest. Sixteen intracranial tumors [7 brain cancers, 4 meningiomas, and 5 acoustic neuromas (vestibular schwannomas)] occurred in the x-irradiated group following an average brain dose of about 1.4 Gy, compared to 1 acoustic neuroma in the control group. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) for brain cancer was 3.0 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3, 5.9]. Even though the dose to the thyroid gland was only about 60 mGy, 2 thyroid cancers were found in the irradiated group vs. none among controls, and 11 vs. 1 thyroid adenomas were found in the respective groups. Following an average dose of about 4 Gy to cranial marrow, 8 cases of leukemia (SIR = 3.2, CI: 1.5, 6.1) were observed in the irradiated group and 1 in the control group. There was also a suggestive excess of blood dyscrasias. There was no difference between the groups in the frequency of other cancers of the head and neck (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) or in total mortality.
journal_name
Health Physjournal_title
Health physicsauthors
Shore RE,Moseson M,Harley N,Pasternack BSdoi
10.1097/00004032-200310000-00003keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-10-01 00:00:00pages
404-8issue
4eissn
0017-9078issn
1538-5159journal_volume
85pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
HEALTH PHYSICS文献大全abstract::The purpose of this paper is to present data gathered in the evaluation of the BD-100R neutron bubble dosimeter done at the University of Maryland and the Naval Research Lab. The performance of 12 dosimeters has been followed over 15 exposure-recharge cycles under a wide range of exposure conditions. Included in this ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199103000-00007
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is still substantial confusion in the radiation effects community about the inherent limitations of ecologic analysis. As a result, inordinate attention has been given to the discrepant results of Cohen, in which a negative estimate is observed for the regression of county mortality rates for lung cancer on esti...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199807000-00001
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Discharges of radioactive materials from the nuclear fuel reprocessing plant at Sellafield in the United Kingdom give rise to 137Cs and 134Cs in fish caught in the Irish Sea. Measurements made on fish catches landed in the Irish Republic show average activities of 68 and 3 Bq/kg (wet) of 137Cs and 134Cs, respectively....
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198503000-00011
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::For decades, radiation protection philosophy and practice have been the domain of professionals trained in the physical and medical sciences. Radiation protection policy was formulated and implemented largely without consultation with or participation by other professional disciplines or the general public. Although, ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200104000-00020
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The U.S. Department of Energy initiated the Radiation Exposure Review Project to provide a critical reexamination of radiation doses to people resulting from testing nuclear devices at the Nevada Test Site. One part of this effort focused on the dose resulting from the ingestion of contaminated food. The PATHWAY radio...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199610000-00007
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The natural radioactivity in some rock samples in Ikogosi-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria, has been measured using a very sensitive gamma spectroscopic system consisting of a 76 mm x 76 mm NaI(TI) scintillation detector system coupled to a versatile Canberra Series 10 plus multichannel analyzer. The average concentrations...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200008000-00013
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::First, some of the early work is reviewed on exposure pathways in connection with proposed and early liquid radioactive waste discharges from Sellafield. The main historical features of these discharges, affected by relevant plant operations, are then briefly described. The important radiological exposure pathways res...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199704000-00007
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Global concerns over energy supply and climate change have given rise to an increase in uranium prospecting, mining and extraction. The changing world economy is spreading the use of advanced nuclear and radiation-related technologies to many parts of the world, giving rise to global initiatives on nuclear energy and ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0b013e3181f56d14
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some preliminary considerations from the management of post-accident situations connected to large scale and high land contamination are presented. The return to normal, or at least acceptable living conditions, as soon as reasonably achievable, and the prevention of the possible emergence of a post-accident crisis is...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199501000-00002
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this work, the dose to the members of the public from two different 131I thyroid ablation patient groups (1.85 GBq and 3.7 GBq), whose a priori programmed hospitalization time is 48 h, is compared. The possibility of allocating half of the hospitalization time (24 h) for patients treated with 1.85 GBq is evaluated,...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000329
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acute and chronic effects of radiation on children have been and will continue to be of great social, public health, scientific, and clinical importance. The focus of interest on ionizing radiation and children has been clear for over half a century and ranges from the effects of fallout from nuclear weapons testi...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type:
doi:10.1097/HP.0b013e31829c3548
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calculations of Committed Effective Dose Equivalent (CEDE) due to inhalation using four of the five methods suggested in the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regulatory Guide 8.34 (1992a) were performed to determine if any significant differences in the calculated value of the CEDE exist for typical power p...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199411000-00004
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radioactive seed localization procedures, using I seeds of typical activity 3.7 MBq and higher, are performed to localize nonpalpable lesions in the breast for surgical excision and pathology analysis. This study evaluated the use and dosimetry of I seeds of activity <3.7 MBq in radioactive seed localization procedure...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000001159
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many governmental and non-governmental agencies are involved in the planning for radiation events in the U.S. We will focus on medical management after mass casualty events, specifically the involvement of the Radiation Injury Treatment Network (RITN), a voluntary consortium of medical centers across the continental U...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000346701.04476.0d
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::For many, the thought of terrorists detonating a dirty bomb--a radiological dispersal device--is frightening. However, the radiation health risks from such an occurrence are small. For most people directly involved, the exposure would have an estimated lifetime health risk that is comparable to the health risk from sm...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200402001-00013
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this report is to compare the whole-body retention and tissue distribution in rats of 60Co administered by gavage as inorganic 60CoCl2 or in a form incorporated into freshwater fish. Orizias latipes were placed in vessels containing 21. of tap water with radioactive cobalt. Periodically thereafter the f...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198208000-00007
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was undertaken to assess the contribution of phosphate feed supplements to the radiation exposure of the population in Israel. The phosphates usually contain appreciable quantities of U and its daughters and the actual exposure of human consumers depends, to a very large extent, on the degree of equi...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198903000-00006
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In November 2007, the Wisconsin Division of Public Health Hospital Disaster Preparedness Program State Expert Panel on Radiation Emergencies issued a report titled The Management of Patients in a Radiological Incident. Gundersen Lutheran Health System was selected to conduct a demonstration project to implement the re...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0b013e3181de4270
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple approximation for estimating the centerline gamma absorbed dose rates due to a continuous Gaussian plume was developed. To simplify the integration of the dose integral, this approach makes use of the Gaussian cloud concentration distribution. The solution is expressed in terms of the I1 and I2 integrals whic...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198708000-00004
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this work was to evaluate the reproductive toxicological effects of uranium (U) at 2.5, 5, and 10 mgU/kg/d chronically administered in drinking water for 40 d. Swiss female control mice (n = 28) and mice chronically contaminated with uranyl nitrate in drinking water (n = 36) were tested. The number and qual...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000342827.76950.b3
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The real-time radiation monitoring system (RMS) in the Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (SRRC) has been upgraded significantly during the past years. The new framework of the RMS is built on the popular network technology, including Ethernet hardware connections and Web-based software interfaces. It features virt...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200310000-00013
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medical health physics is the profession dedicated to the protection of healthcare providers, members of the public, and patients from unwarranted radiation exposure. Medical health physicists must be knowledgeable in the principles of health physics and in the applications of radiation in medicine. Advances in medica...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004032-200405000-00001
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2005, the Health Physics Society celebrates its 50th anniversary. During its half century of existence, the Society has evolved from a small group of operationally oriented radiation protection scientists into an organization of several thousand with a recognized and respected peer reviewed journal. The bold decisi...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bioassay and laboratory survey schedules can be generated using a radioisotope inventory program. This paper discusses the use of laboratory activity, past performance and operational factors for laboratory survey frequency determination, and use of laboratory activity for bioassay scheduling. Mayo Clinic has recently...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results of the aerosol sampling inside the Object Shelter at the Chornobyl nuclear reactor site are considered in the work. The results show a consistent and significant contribution of submicron fraction to the total aerosol activity. Different methods of interpretation of impactor data series are compared in order t...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200108000-00005
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Correlations are studied between average radon levels in 1600 U.S. counties and mortality rates in them from various types of cancer. By far the strongest correlation is with lung cancer, but the sign of the correlation is negative. When smoking prevalence is included in a multiple regression, the large negative corre...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199311000-00009
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bovine thyroid glands from different countries in Europe and human thyroid glands from Lower Saxony (Federal Republic of Germany) show isotopic 129I/127I ratios of 2.1 X 10(-9) to 8.2 X 10(-8) for cattle and 2.1 X 10(-9) to 8 X 10(-8) in humans. These values give information about the concentration of fallout 129I in ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199005000-00006
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiostrontium isotopes (Sr, Sr, and Sr) are major fission by-products in nuclear reactors, in radiological events, and in environmental radioactive contamination. A method to analyze Sr and Sr in water has been developed using gradient elution with dilute hydrochloric acid and cation exchange resin, followed by carbo...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000001020
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The PATHWAY model results were used, in conjunction with a hypothetical major nuclear attack on the U.S., to arrive at the ratio of internal to external dose for humans from early (48 h) fallout. Considered were the four nuclides (137Cs, 89Sr, 90Sr, 131I) that account for most of the reconstructed whole-body committed...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199201000-00004
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the assessment of risk, several factors affect predictions: selection of reactive agent, selection of tumor incidence data, modeling of dose, scaling across species, adjustment for differences in duration and frequency of exposure, and selection of the most suitable risk extrapolation model. If the endpoints, expos...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198907001-00046
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00