Internal dose following a major nuclear war.

abstract：:This paper presents an analysis of the implications of some recent studies performed to characterize uranium products from modern uranium recovery facilities important for worker protection. Assumptions about the solubility (related to the molecular species being produced) of these materials in humans are critical to ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Brown SH,Chambers DB

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Haemopoietic stem cell assays allow investigation of local radiation damage at any time after contamination. These techniques were used to determine the relative effectiveness of 241Am and 226Ra in inducing damage in various cortical and trabecular bone marrow sites. Male Balb/c mice were injected with either 230 or 6...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Schoeters GE,Vanderborght OL

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A model is presented to analyze the retention of Pu in the major deposition organs of the beagle dog and predict the dynamic behavior of skeletal labels. The kinetic part describing the gross organ distribution was represented by a compartment model. A fit to empirical retention equations of liver and skeleton yielded...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Polig E

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The security of medical radioactive sources, both open and sealed, is an important consideration for reducing the risk of an intentional or inadvertent additional radiation dose to the public, according to the principle of keeping any additional radiation dose as low as reasonably achievable. The detection and followi...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kroeger EA,Rupp A,Gregor J

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proton therapy has the physical advantage of a Bragg peak that can provide a better dose distribution than conventional x-ray therapy. However, radiation exposure of normal tissues cannot be ignored because it is likely to increase the risk of secondary cancer. Evaluating secondary neutrons generated by the interactio...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Matsumoto S,Koba Y,Kohno R,Lee C,Bolch WE,Kai M

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the volume reduction potential for incineration of radioactivity in low-level radioactive waste, an incineration experiment was performed at the Okayama University Radioisotope Center (OURIC). Solid low-level radioactive samples (LLRS) were prepared for 15 routinely used radionuclides (45Ca, 1251, 32p, 33...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Yumoto Y,Hanafusa T,Nagamatsu T,Okada S

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data on nuclear medicine thyroid examinations performed in Manitoba (population 1 million) from 1981-1985 were collected, with more detailed demographic data obtained on 1,100 consecutive patients between June 1987 and January 1988. An average of 2,081 patients were examined per year, 81% female and 19% male, represen...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Huda W,Gordon K,Greenberg ID

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, data on exposures of humans as well as animals to fission products in plumes emitted by underground Soviet tests have been declassified by the Khazakhstan government and published in English. Similar human intakes of gross fission product mixtures that caused acute prodromal symptoms have not been previously...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Brodsky A,Reeves G

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Published in December 2014, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements Report No. 175, Decision Making for Late-Phase Recovery from Major Nuclear or Radiological Incidents, emphasizes the importance of local, state, and national plans addressing late-phase issues and decision-making processes concurrent...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： DeCair SD,Cardarelli JJ 2nd

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is fundamental that a given cancer case cannot be attributed with absolute certainty to a prior ionizing radiation exposure, whatever the level of exposure. It is possible to estimate the probability of a causal relationship based on data and models that have been inferred from group statistics. Two types of inform...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Breitenstein BD

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The variability in radiosensitivity across the human population is governed in part by genetic factors. The ability to predict therapeutic response, identify individuals at greatest risk for adverse clinical responses after therapeutic radiation doses, or identify individuals at high risk for carcinogenesis from envir...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Story M,Ding LH,Brock WA,Ang KK,Alsbeih G,Minna J,Park S,Das A

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thoron (Rn) exhalation from building materials has become increasingly recognized as a potential source for radiation exposure in dwellings. However, few studies have focused on mitigation strategies to reduce exposure from thoron and its progeny. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to (1) determine the reduction ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： de With G,de Jong P,Donk JJ

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper demonstrates the utility of a portable alpha Continuous Air Monitor (CAM) as a bench top scalar counter for multiple sample types. These include using the CAM to count fixed air sample filters and radiological smears. In counting radiological smears, the CAM is used very much like a gas flow proportional co...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Hayes RB,Peña AM,Goff TE

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radionuclide decorporation is the only effective method of reducing radiation dose for persons contaminated accidentally. In this study, dogs that had inhaled a moderately soluble aerosol of 244Cm2O3 were treated with either discrete intravenous injections of the chelating agent diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Zn-...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Guilmette RA,Muggenburg BA

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While much of the language used to express the concepts of radiation protection works effectively, there are many ill-chosen names and phrases and much jargon that permeate our professional speech and writing. From the oxymoron "internal exposure" to the "snarl word" "decay," there is much room for improvement. This e...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Strom DJ,Watson CR

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was carried out to assess the possible radiological hazard resulting from the use of zircon in glaze applied to tiles used in buildings. The 226Ra content of various stains and glazing compounds was measured using gamma spectroscopy and the 222Rn exhalation rates for these materials were measured using adso...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： O'Brien RS,Aral H,Peggie JR

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of 239Pu in a human whole body is reported. The body contained 246 Bq of 239Pu of which 130 Bq (52.8%) was found in the lungs and associated lymph nodes. Of the remaining 116 Bq (47.2%) that constituted the systemic deposition, 51.2 Bq (44%) were in the skeleton, 48.6 Bq (42%) in the liver, and the re...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： McInroy JF,Kathren RL,Voelz GL,Swint MJ

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The movement through the environment and the toxicity to plants of 99Tc have been studied. However, information is scanty on 99Tc toxicity to mammals even though this is the decisive criterion for assessing the consequences of releases of Tc. A critical tissue could be the thyroid because of its preferential accumulat...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Gerber GB,Hegela M,Vankerkom J,Kirchmann R,Maisin JR,Lambiet-Collier M

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-evacuation by a private vehicle is one of the most commonly used methods of public evacuation in the case of a nuclear accident. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the dose-reduction effects of vehicles. To achieve this aim, a model for calculating the dose reduction factor was developed based on the actual sha...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Takahara S,Watanabe M,Hirouchi J,Iijima M,Munakata M

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this paper is to present data gathered in the evaluation of the BD-100R neutron bubble dosimeter done at the University of Maryland and the Naval Research Lab. The performance of 12 dosimeters has been followed over 15 exposure-recharge cycles under a wide range of exposure conditions. Included in this ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Millett M,Munno F,Ebert D,Nelson M

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concentrations of natural alpha-emitting isotopes of thorium (228Th, 230Th and 232Th) have been determined in 22 sets of human tissue samples obtained at autopsy from Grand Junction, CO and in 10 sets from Washington, DC. Tissues included lung, pulmonary lymph nodes, liver, kidney, bone, a few gonads, spleen and t...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ibrahim SA,Wrenn ME,Singh NP,Cohen N,Saccomano G

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper provides information on the effects of distance and attenuation in lead sheet and gypsum board of the 0.511 MeV photon produced by positron annihilation. Exposure rates are projected external to an adult injected with 185 MBq (5 mCi) of 18F in a fluorodeoxyglucose solution and for the same activity in a sma...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Courtney JC,Mendez P,Hidalgo-Salvatierra O,Bujenovic S

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for medical x-ray procedures are being implemented currently in the Netherlands. By order of the Dutch Healthcare Inspectorate, a survey has been conducted among 20 Dutch hospitals to investigate the level of implementation of the Dutch DRLs in current radiological practice. It turns...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Bijwaard H,Valk D,de Waard-Schalkx I

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current feasibility of protecting emergency responders through bone marrow selective shielding is highlighted in the recent OECD/NEA report on severe accident management. Until recently, there was no effective personal protection from externally penetrating gamma radiation. In Chernobyl, first-responders wore make...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Waterman G,Kase K,Orion I,Broisman A,Milstein O

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Manipulations of lethally-irradiated animals, such as for administration of pharmaceuticals, blood sampling, or other laboratory procedures, have the potential to induce stress effects that may negatively affect morbidity and mortality. To investigate this in a murine model of the hematopoietic acute radiation syndrom...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Plett PA,Sampson CH,Chua HL,Jackson W,Vemula S,Sellamuthu R,Fisher A,Feng H,Wu T,MacVittie TJ,Orschell CM

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dicentric chromosome assay (DCA) has been regarded as the gold standard of radiation biodosimetry. The assay, however, requires a 2-d peripheral blood lymphocyte culture before starting metaphase chromosome analyses to estimate biological doses. Other biological assays also have drawbacks with respect to the time ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Suto Y,Gotoh T,Noda T,Akiyama M,Owaki M,Darroudi F,Hirai M

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On 20 September 1999, a urine sample submitted by a University of Rochester radiation worker was noted to have a count rate of about 759,500 disintegrations per minute (dpm) per milliliter as analyzed on the Radiation Safety Unit (RSU) Packard liquid sintillation counter. The sample was recounted that day with variabl...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Karam PA

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing audience knowledge is often set as a primary objective of risk communication efforts. But is it worthwhile focusing risk communication strategies solely on enhancing specific knowledge? The main research questions tackled in this paper were: (1) if prior audience knowledge related to specific radiation risk...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Perko T,Zeleznik N,Turcanu C,Thijssen P

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The CASTEAUR project proposes a simplified tool to assess the transfer of radionuclides between and in the main biotic and abiotic components of the freshwater ecosystem. Applied to phenomenological modeling, various hypotheses simplify the transfer equations, which, when programmed under Excel, can be readily dispatc...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Beaugelin-Seiller K,Boyer P,Garnier-Laplace J,Adam C

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biological elimination of nine gamma-emitting radioisotopes was studied in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) which were released onto liquid radioactive waste pounds in southeastern Idaho. After 68, 75 or 145 days, the ducks were removed from the contaminated environment and placed in metabolic cages. Whole-body and f...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Halford DK,Markham OD,White GC

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00