Abstract:
:Several human pathogens (e.g., Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis, Bordetella pertussis, Plasmodium falciparum, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis) have very restricted unselected allelic variation in structural genes, which hinders study of the genetic relationships among strains and strain-trait correlations. To address this problem in a representative pathogen, 432 M. tuberculosis complex strains from global sources were genotyped on the basis of 230 synonymous (silent) single nucleotide polymorphisms (sSNPs) identified by comparison of four genome sequences. Eight major clusters of related genotypes were identified in M. tuberculosis sensu stricto, including a single cluster representing organisms responsible for several large outbreaks in the United States and Asia. All M. tuberculosis sensu stricto isolates of previously unknown phylogenetic position could be rapidly and unambiguously assigned to one of the eight major clusters, thus providing a facile strategy for identifying organisms that are clonally related by descent. Common clones of M. tuberculosis sensu stricto and M. bovis are distinct, deeply branching genotypic complexes whose extant members did not emerge directly from one another in the recent past. sSNP genotyping rapidly delineates relationships among closely related strains of pathogenic microbes and allows construction of genetic frameworks for examining the distribution of biomedically relevant traits such as virulence, transmissibility, and host range.
journal_name
Geneticsjournal_title
Geneticsauthors
Gutacker MM,Smoot JC,Migliaccio CA,Ricklefs SM,Hua S,Cousins DV,Graviss EA,Shashkina E,Kreiswirth BN,Musser JMkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-12-01 00:00:00pages
1533-43issue
4eissn
0016-6731issn
1943-2631journal_volume
162pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
GENETICS文献大全abstract::Mitomycin C (MMC) is a genotoxic agent that induces DNA cross-links, DNA alkylation, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). MMC induces the SOS response and RpoS regulons in Escherichia coli SOS-encoded functions are required for DNA repair, whereas the RpoS regulon is typically induced by metabolic stre...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.116.199471
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a positive association between marital radius (distance between mates' birthplaces) and fertility detected in a large population. Spurious association due to socioeconomic factors is discarded by a conditional analysis involving income, education, and urbanicity. Strong evidence of consanguinity's deleteriou...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.107.072454
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have found that temperature can have a striking effect upon protein export in Escherichia coli, suggesting that there is a cold-sensitive step in the protein export pathway. Cs mutations comprise the largest class of mutations affecting the membrane-localized Sec proteins SecD, SecE, SecF and SecY. Although some of...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injury triggers regeneration of axons and dendrites. Research has identified factors required for axonal regeneration outside the CNS, but little is known about regeneration triggered by dendrotomy. Here, we study neuronal plasticity triggered by dendrotomy and determine the fate of complex PVD arbors following laser ...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.116.196386
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An inbreeding matrix is defined for populations with overlapping generations. In the short term it can be expressed in terms of a matrix specifying the passage of genes between the different age groups (and sexes) and a diagonal matrix whose elements depend on the number of individuals in each age group. Formulae for ...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We propose a simple algorithm for estimating the number of nucleotide differences between a pair of RNA or DNA sequences through comparison of their RNAse A mismatch cleavage patterns. In the RNAse A mismatch cleavage technique two or more sample sequences are hybridized to the same RNA probe, the hybrids are partiall...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seven hundred and three second chromosomes were extracted from a Raleigh, North Carolina population of Drosophila melanogaster in 1970. Additionally, four hundred and eighty-nine third chromosomes were extracted from a large cage population founded from the flies in the 1970 Raleigh collection. The alpha glycerol-3-ph...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1974-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selection of suppressor mutations that correct growth defects caused by substitutions in an RNA or protein can reveal functionally important molecular structures and interactions in living cells. This approach is particularly useful for the study of complex biological pathways involving many macromolecules, such as pr...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.119.301922
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have analyzed the requirements for the multi sex combs (mxc) gene during development to gain further insight into the mechanisms and developmental processes that depend on the important trans-regulators forming the Polycomb group (PcG) in Drosophila melanogaster. mxc is allelic with the tumor suppressor locus letha...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mitochondrial genome of Neurospora is usually found in a single covalently closed circular 62-kbp DNA molecule. We report here that the mitochondrial genome of a phenotypic revertant of a stopper mutant (stp-ruv) is contained primarily in two separate, nonoverlapping, autonomously replicating circular chromosomes....
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Distributive disjunction is defined as the first division meiotic segregation of either nonhomologous chromosomes that lack homologs or homologous chromosomes that have not recombined. To determine if chromosomes from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were capable of distributive disjunction, we constructed a strain ...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In most eukaryotes, crossovers are not independently distributed along the length of a chromosome. Instead, they appear to avoid close proximity to one another--a phenomenon known as crossover interference. Previously, for three of the five Arabidopsis chromosomes, we measured the strength of interference and suggeste...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.104.040055
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Drosophila melanogaster Chd3 gene encodes a member of the CHD group of SNF2/RAD54 ATPases. CHD proteins are conserved from yeast to man and many are subunits of chromatin-remodeling complexes that facilitate transcription. Drosophila CHD3 proteins are not found in protein complexes, but as monomers that remodel ch...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.110.115121
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bayesian posterior distributions are obtained for the time to the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) for a nonrecombining segment of DNA (such as the nonpseudoautosomal arm of the Y chromosome or the mitochondrial genome) for two individuals given that they match at k out of n scored markers. We argue that the distrib...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::An approximately 135-bp sequence called the A1/A2 repeat was isolated from the transcribed region of the 26-18S rDNA intergenic spacer (IGS) of Nicotiana tomentosiformis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and Southern blot analysis revealed its occurrence as an independent satellite (termed an A1/A2 satellite)...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.166.4.1935
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The worldwide pattern of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variation is of great interest to human geneticists, population geneticists, and evolutionists, but remains incompletely understood. We studied the pattern in noncoding regions, because they are less affected by natural selection than are coding regions. Th...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are two naturally occurring functional alleles of the recombination hotspot cog, which is located 3.5 kb from the his-3 locus of Neurospora crassa. The presence of the cog+ allele in a cross significantly increases recombination in the his-3 region compared to a cross homozygous for the cog allele. Data obtained...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.103.025080
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microsatellite markers are extensively used to evaluate genetic diversity in natural or experimental evolving populations. Their high degree of polymorphism reflects their high mutation rates. Estimates of the mutation rates are therefore necessary when characterizing diversity in populations. As a complement to the c...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.107.071332
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The swi8+ gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe appears to be involved in the termination step of copy synthesis during mating-type (MT) switching. Mutations in swi8 confer a general mutator phenotype and, in particular, generate specific mutations in the MT region. Sequencing of the MT cassettes of the h90 swi8-137 mutan...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Drosophila PS1 and PS2 integrins are required to maintain the connection between the dorsal and ventral wing epithelia. If alphaPS subunits are inappropriately expressed during early pupariation, the epithelia separate, causing a wing blister. Two lines of evidence indicate that this apparent loss-of-function phen...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phylogenetic analyses of non-LTR retrotransposons suggest that all elements can be divided into 11 lineages. The 3 oldest lineages show target site specificity for unique locations in the genome and encode an endonuclease with an active site similar to certain restriction enzymes. The more "modern" non-LTR lineages po...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Centric regions of eukaryotic genomes are packaged into heterochromatin, which possesses the ability to spread along the chromosome and silence gene expression. The process of spreading has been challenging to study at the molecular level due to repetitious sequences within centric regions. A heterochromatin protein 1...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.109.105338
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microsatellites are tandemly repeated short DNA sequences that are favored as molecular-genetic markers due to their high polymorphism index. Plant genomes characterized to date exhibit taxon-specific differences in frequency, genomic location, and motif structure of microsatellites, indicating that extant microsatell...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.105.054791
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutation of a CCG sequence in the 5'-untranslated region of the mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b mRNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae results in destabilization of the message and respiratory deficiency of the mutant strain. This phenotype mimics that of a mutation in the nuclear CBP1 gene. Here it is shown that overe...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.104.036467
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The RPS5 disease resistance gene of Arabidopsis mediates recognition of Pseudomonas syringae strains that possess the avirulence gene avrPphB. By screening for loss of RPS5-specified resistance, we identified five pbs (avrPphB susceptible) mutants that represent three different genes. Mutations in PBS1 completely bloc...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutants resistant to selenomethionine were isolated, and their properties studied. Mapping studies indicate that the mutation sites are located near the eth-1(r) locus in linkage group I, about ten map units away from the mating type locus. The sites of new mutation are either allelic to or very close to eth-1(r). The...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1974-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genetic requirements for spontaneous and transcription-stimulated mitotic recombination were determined using a recombination system that employs heterochromosomal lys2 substrates that can recombine only by crossover or only by gene conversion. The substrates were fused either to a constitutive low-level promoter ...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial complex I is the largest multimeric enzyme of the respiratory chain. The lack of a model system with facile genetics has limited the molecular dissection of complex I assembly. Using Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as an experimental system to screen for complex I defects, we isolated, via forward genetics, am...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.111.128827
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extent of mtDNA length variation and heteroplasmy as well as DNA sequences of the control region and two tRNA genes were determined for four North American sturgeon species: Acipenser transmontanus, A. medirostris, A. fulvescens and A. oxyrhnychus. Across the Continental Divide, a division in the occurrence of len...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular heterogeneity in human breast cancer has challenged diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical treatment. It is well known that molecular subtypes of breast tumors are associated with significant differences in prognosis and survival. Assuming that the differences are attributed to subtype-specific pathways, we then...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.115.180125
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00