Abstract:
:Brief periods of non-lethal ischemia and reperfusion render the myocardium more resistant to subsequent ischemia. This adaption occurs in a biphasic pattern: the first being active immediately and lasting for 2-3 hrs (early preconditioning), the second starting at 24 hrs until 72 hrs after the initial ischemia (delayed preconditioning) and requiring genomic activation with de novo protein synthesis. Early preconditioning is more potent than delayed preconditioning in reducing infarct size; delayed preconditioning also attenuates myocardial stunning. Early preconditioning depends on the ischemia-induced release of adenosine and opioids and, to a lesser degree, also bradykinin and prostaglandins. These molecules activate G-protein coupled receptors, initiate the activation of KATP channels and generation of oxygen radicals, and stimulate a series of protein kinases with essential roles for protein kinase C, tyrosine kinases and members of the MAP kinase family. Delayed preconditioning is triggered by a similar sequence of events, but in addition essentially depends on eNOS-derived NO. Both early and pharmacological preconditioning can be pharmacologically mimicked by exogenous adenosine, opioids, NO and activators of protein kinase C. Newly synthetized proteins associated with delayed preconditioning comprise iNOS, COX-2, manganese superoxide dismutase and possibly heat shock proteins. The final mechanism of protection by preconditioning is yet unknown; energy metabolism, KATP channels, the sodium-proton exchanger, stabilisation of the cytoskeleton and volume regulation will be discussed. For ethical reasons, evidence for ischemic preconditioning in humans is hard to provide. Clinical findings that parallel experimental ischemic preconditioning are reduced ST-segment elevation and pain during repetitive PTCA or exercise tests, a better prognosis of patients in whom myocardial infarction was preceded by angina, and reduced serum markers of myocardial necrosis after preconditioning protocols during cardiac surgery with cardiac arrest. The most promising approach to apply principles of ischemic preconditioning therapeutically appears to be the pharmacological recruitment of delayed protection, as recently demonstrated with intravenous nitroglycerine in patients undergoing PTCA 24 hrs later.
journal_name
Minerva Cardioangioljournal_title
Minerva cardioangiologicaauthors
Post H,Heusch Gkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-12-01 00:00:00pages
569-605issue
6eissn
0026-4725issn
1827-1618journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Coronary perforations (CP) have been described as a rare but potentially fatal complication in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Our aim is to compare temporal trends in frequency, management and outcomes of coronary perforations (CP). METHODS:All cases of CP recorded in our prospective institution...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.23736/S0026-4725.18.04433-X
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In obesity, the systemic resistances (SR) are reduced while the blood volume is increased. The rise of cardiac output (CO), stress-induced, produces an increase in blood pressure (BP), as an hypertensive behavior of the stress-response. The aim of our study is to evaluate if, in obese subjects, the considerable increa...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:To test if a low Q wave voltage and its faulty increase after exercise is an additional sign of myocardial ischemia, 64 pts with no previous myocardial infarction, bundle branch block or left ventricular hypertrophy were studied by a treadmill test and coronary angiography. Nineteen had single vessel disease...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the case of a 56-year-old male heart transplant recipient, who underwent postoperative pacemaker implantation through a left sided superior vena cava (LSVC) via anonymous vein. We describe our successful management of this case. We suggest that the specific anatomic conditions should be considered in all hea...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a condition of unknown etiology with thickening of the interventricular septum. It is better defined as a genetic disorder of autosomal dominant inheritance with variable left ventricular hypertrophy and symptoms. HCM has been rarely reported in association with other causes of hyp...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assays for cardiac troponin have become a standard for the diagnosis of myocardial damage. Due to their high sensitivity, minor myocardial injury can be frequently detected following percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Minor elevations in cardiac enzymes after apparently successful PCI are rather common and eve...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vasodilators represent one of the main steps for the medical treatment of pulmonary hypertension; the rationale for their use is the reversibility of the pulmonary vasoconstriction, to be tested with a correct pharmacological trial. In this report the authors consider the use of calcium-channel blockers, prostaglandin...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Of the main aspects of hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy and appearance of cardiac dysfunction seem to be the most common and to produce an early and severe cardiac deterioration. Even in the presence of normal systolic function diastolic filling abnormalities are described. The efficacy of many ant...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have verified the utility of echo-dipyridamole test in the diagnosis of chest pain of unsure origin, especially in patients who cannot be quickly submitted to exercise stress test because of permanent abnormalities at basal ECG or because of clinical reasons. 17 patients with chest pain, abnormalities at basal ECG ...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary thromboembolism is a relatively common disease in an Emergency Department. Diagnosis, often difficult, is based on careful evaluation of risk factors, clinical examination, radiological and laboratory investigations. Plasma D-dimer, a degradation product of cross-linked fibrin with low specificity and very h...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The worldwide prevalence of heart failure is increasing in part due to an ageing population. In the developed world, heart failure affects 1-2% of the general population, accounting for 5% of adult hospital admissions. There is now convincing evidence supporting the beneficial effects of cardiac resynchronization ther...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The pharmacological treatment of non-complicated chronic venous insufficiency is a current and well-debated topic. The introduction of new products with action on the venous system, improved knowledge on the physiopathology of venous insufficiency and the possibility provided by new analytical instruments, h...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease has been reported in up to 10% of all patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and in the majority of cases are associated with severe three-vessel CAD. Among patients with chronic coronary syndrome revascularization of significant LMCA disease improves prognosis, while ther...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.23736/S0026-4725.20.05198-1
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) warfarin has been the mainstay therapy for stroke prevention. In recent randomized clinical trials (RCTs) oral direct thrombin inhibitor (Dabigatran) and factor Xa inhibitors (Rivaroxaban and Apixaban) challenged the efficacy and safety benchmarks set by warfarin. These drugs ...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents a study of plethysmographic changes induced by methacholine (a derivative of acetylcholine) administered via iontophoresis in a population of 41 young women with apparently primary Raynaud's disease. All patients presented with a very clear statistically significant sphygmic increment, obviously co...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate any differences in ventricular pre-excitation secondary to Wolff Parkinson White syndrome in the aged compared to young and adult patients. METHODS: EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN:a clinical study was performed using a comparative prospective criterion with retrospective analysis. The duration of follow-up range...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fragments of synthetic prostheses in knitted Dacron velour implanted years previously have been examined. Macrophages were found which fragment elements of the prostheses. It is concluded that synthetic knitted velour prostheses are biodegradable. ...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ankle sprains mainly caused by accidents or strenuous sport activities can often be quite painful and impair motility. If not treated immediately and correctly, sprains may lead to severe complications. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy and safety of topically applied ketoprofen versus orally ad...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The carotid artery is one of the most important sites in the progression of atherosclerotic lesions. Atherosclerosis is known to be determined by a variety of factors, among which arterial hypertension is one of the most important. Blood pressure control by antihypertensive treatment is thus of great benefit in manage...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Aim of the present comparative clinical study was to demonstrate the efficacy of the topical application of mesoglycan, a profibrinolytic agent, for healing of leg ulcers in patients with chronic venous insufficiency. METHODS:Forty patients, observed in our outpatients department, with venous leg ulcers hav...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ehen refractory to optimal medical treatment cardiogenic pulmonary edema requires mechanical ventilation as a last therapeutic resource. In recent years an increasing number of authors reported their experience in the management of acute or subacute respiratory failure with non-invasive mechanical ventilatio...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) have gained widespread acceptation among cardiologists and among the general population for a variety of clinical indications, comprising from stable angina to ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction, due to the undisputed clinical benefit they provide and to their large avai...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comparative analysis of arrhythmias by "basal" electrocardiogram (ECG) and by continuous 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram monitoring was performed in 17 patients with systemic sclerosis (16 women and one man). Our study confirms that rhythm disturbances are better detectable using Holter monitoring. In fact, no pati...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and with an aging population its prevalence will increase. In addition to appropriate anticoagulation to reduce the thromboembolic risk, there has been an increasing need for a personalized approach in identifying which patients are likely to benefit ...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.23736/S0026-4725.17.04371-7
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a case of a 86-year-old woman, with a 1-year history of pain during walking and standing; a duplex scanning of the popliteal fossa was performed bilaterally. We pointed out the presence of a bilateral popliteal vein aneurysm, partially thrombosed. She was treated only with oral anticoaugulant therapy, becaus...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High sensitivity cardiac troponins I (hs-cTnI) and T (hs-cTnT) and natriuretic peptides (BNP and NT-proBNP) are universally recognized as cardiac reference biomarkers in patients with acute coronary syndromes and heart failure respectively. However, while on one hand the high sensitivity methods of cardiac b...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.23736/S0026-4725.20.05281-0
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retrospective clinico-epidemiological study of the incidence of all arteriopathy hospitalization in the Region of Piemonte over a twelve year period (1976-1987) has been performed: among all the cases, patients affected by aortic aneurysm show an average of hospitalization of 0.8 cases per 24 hours. The prevalence o...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Post-CABG trial was designed to assess the effects of 2 different lipid lowering strategies and low dose warfarin vs placebo (2 x 2 factorial) design on the progression of atherosclerosis in saphenous vein grafts. Atherosclerotic progression was determined by comparing baseline and follow-up angiograms (mean inter...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The meaning of the term biomarker has been standardized by a working group of the National Institutes of Health as "a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention". The ability of...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyze the usefulness of autologous blood salvage and intraoperative isovolemic hemodilution in conjunction with autologous blood salvage in cardiac surgery, and also to compare two different autologous blood salvage methods. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN:Retrospective analysis of transfusion practice in cardiac s...
journal_title:Minerva cardioangiologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00