Intestinal infection with Giardia spp. reduces epithelial barrier function in a myosin light chain kinase-dependent fashion.

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:We followed patients with ongoing hepatitis C virus (HCV) exposure following control of an initial HCV infection to determine whether primary control conferred protection against future persistent infections. METHODS:Twenty-two active injection drug users (IDU) who had cleared a primary hepatitis C v...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Osburn WO,Fisher BE,Dowd KA,Urban G,Liu L,Ray SC,Thomas DL,Cox AL

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:The morphology of acid damage to esophageal epithelium is characterized by marked cell (swelling) edema. This observation suggests that, in the process of acid damage, an increase in osmotic forces develops within the cell that accounts for the increase in cell water. The aim of this study was to docu...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Tobey NA,Cragoe EJ Jr,Orlando RC

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inferior mesenteric arterial blood flow was measured with an electromagnetic blood flowmeter in five anesthetized rhesus monkeys. The effects of vasopressin on this vasculature were determined to evaluate the optimal, safe concentration of this agent during its clinical application in the management of hemorrhagic les...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Kerr JC,Hobson RW 2nd,Seelig RF,Swan KG

更新日期：1977-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:There is no clear and point for the response to treatment of gastrointestinal human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) disease. HCMV-DNA quantitation on gastrointestinal biopsy specimens has proven its value for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal HCMV disease in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AI...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Cotte L,Drouet E,Bailly F,Vitozzi S,Denoyel G,Trepo C

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:The basic mechanisms of food allergies are still unknown. The aims of this study were to investigate whether endothelins (ETs) in the intestinal mucosa are involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal anaphylaxis. METHODS:Sprague-Dawley rats were sensitized to chicken egg albumin (EA) by intraperitonea...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Shigematsu T,Miura S,Hirokawa M,Hokari R,Higuchi H,Tsuzuki Y,Kimura H,Nakatsumi RC,Serizawa H,Saito H,Ishii H

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Short-chain (C2-C5) fatty acids account for 60%-70% of the anions in the colon. Acetate (C2) is nontoxic in contrast to C(3)4-C5 fatty acids (propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, and isovalerate), which induce coma in animals and may be important in the pathogenesis of hepatic coma in humans. An in-vitro fecal...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Mortensen PB,Holtug K,Bonnén H,Clausen MR

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) signaling pathways play a key role in the stress response through the activation of CRF(1) and CRF(2) receptors. We investigated the CRF receptor subtypes involved in gastric postoperative ileus. METHODS:Adult male mice (C57BL/6, CRF(1)-deficient, and wild-type), ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Luckey A,Wang L,Jamieson PM,Basa NR,Million M,Czimmer J,Vale W,Taché Y

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is considerable evidence that fluids are removed from the peritoneal cavity by drainage into lymphatics lining the surface of the diaphragm, but there is little quantitative information on the rate of reabsorption as affected by conditions which exist in cirrhotic ascites. In the present study a plethysmographic...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Zink J,Greenway CV

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of thyroidectomy on the activity of liver alcohol dehydrogenase and on the rate of ethanol elimination was determined in the rat. Thyroidectomy resulted in a marked increase in liver alcohol dehydrogenase activity. Three isoenzymes of alcohol dehydrogenase activity were demonstrated in thyroidectomized anim...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Mezey E,Potter JJ

更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The reason why hepatocellular carcinoma occurs less frequently in women than in men is unknown. The possibility that differences in the hepatitis B virus status between men and women with this tumor might be important in this regard was investigated in 75 black women and 75 age- and ethnically-matched men with hepatoc...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Kew MC,Rossouw E,Paterson A,Hodkinson J,Whitcutt M,Dusheiko G

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although nocturnal acid secretion has been emphasized in the pathophysiology and treatment of duodenal ulcer, its importance in gastric ulcer disease has been questioned. To explore this area, this multicenter U.S. trial compared the effect of a once-daily nighttime dose of H2-receptor antagonist with placebo on the h...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： McCullough AJ,Graham DY,Knuff TE,Lanza FL,Levenson HL,Lyon DT,Munsell WP,Perozza J,Roufail WM,Sinar DR

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In sickle cell anemia the shortened survival of red blood cells presents the liver with an augmented load of bilirubin for hepatic clearance. To determine the effects of this excessive bilirubin load on the microsomal conjugating enzyme, hepatic bilirubin UDP-glucuronyltransferase, levels of this enzyme were measured ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Maddrey WC,Cukier JO,Maglalang AC,Boitnott JK,Odell GB

更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the possibility that monocyte suppressor cells play a role in the peripheral lymphocyte hyporesponsiveness of chronic liver disease by utilizing assays of monocyte-mediated suppressor activity in 46 patients with chronic liver disease and 46 controls. The percent change achieved by the addition of indo...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Holdstock G,Chastenay BF,Krawitt EL

更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of deoxycholate ingestion, 750 mg per day, on bile acid kinetics, biliary bile acid composition, and biliary lipid secretion was studied in 7 healthy volunteers. Bile acid kinetics were measured by isotope dilution, and hourly outputs of bile acid, cholesterol, and phospholipid were quantitated by a duodena...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： LaRusso NF,Szczepanik PA,Hofmann AF

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:The CYLD lysine 63 deubiquitinase gene (CYLD) encodes tumor suppressor protein that is mutated in familial cylindromatosus, and variants have been associated with Crohn disease (CD). Splice forms of CYLD that lack exons 7 and 8 regulate transcription factors and functions of immune cells. We examined ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Tang Y,Reissig S,Glasmacher E,Regen T,Wanke F,Nikolaev A,Gerlach K,Popp V,Karram K,Fantini MC,Schattenberg JM,Galle PR,Neurath MF,Weigmann B,Kurschus FC,Hövelmeyer N,Waisman A

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:The role of the gallbladder in gallstone pathogenesis is still unclear. We examined the effects of gallbladder mucosal lipid absorption on lipid composition and cholesterol crystallization in bile. METHODS:The in vitro-isolated, intra-arterially perfused gallbladder model was used (1) to compare the ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Corradini SG,Elisei W,Giovannelli L,Ripani C,Della Guardia P,Corsi A,Cantafora A,Capocaccia L,Ziparo V,Stipa V,Chirletti P,Caronna R,Lomanto D,Attili AF

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Thyroid hormones are implicated in intestinal development. Their effects are mediated by nuclear receptors, which are transcriptional regulators activated upon binding of triiodothyronine. The aim of this study was to define the involvement of the receptor subtypes during intestinal development. METH...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Plateroti M,Chassande O,Fraichard A,Gauthier K,Freund JN,Samarut J,Kedinger M

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our objectives in this study were (a) to determine the role of antroduodenal resistance in the control of fasting duodenogastric bile reflux in the dog and (b) to elucidate the contribution of the pylorus both to resistance and to reflux. Thus, we measured simultaneously throughout the interdigestive motor cycle (a) a...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Mearin F,Azpiroz F,Malagelada JR,Zinsmeister AR

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An in vitro fecal incubation system was used to demonstrate how lactulose influences ammonia metabolism in the colon. Lactulose and other fermentable substrates (glucose, mannitol, and sorbitol), pH and organic acid were varied independently so that their different effects could be determined. Fermentable substrate ca...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Vince A,Killingley M,Wrong OM

更新日期：1978-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that alterations of intestinal motility accompany enteric helminth infections. Motility was measured in rats during the intestinal phase of infection with the nematode Trichinella spiralis by following the transit of radioactive chromium through the gut. Intraduodenal c...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Castro GA,Badial-Aceves F,Smith JW,Dudrick SJ,Weisbrodt NW

更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human intrinsic factor (IF) is found on the surface of parietal cells at the light microscopic level by immunofluorescence, but there is no direct evidence that IF is synthesized in and secreted from this cell. In order to provide this evidence, IF was localized at the ultrastructural level in human stomach, using an ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Levine JS,Nakane PK,Allen RH

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Immune-nonimmune cell interactions modulate mucosal immunity. We investigated the expression of adhesion molecules by intestinal fibroblasts, the effect of immune cell-derived factor on fibroblast binding of T cells, and the consequences of interfering with adhesion molecule expression on fibroblast-T...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Musso A,Condon TP,West GA,De La Motte C,Strong SA,Levine AD,Bennett CF,Fiocchi C

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Although a significant amount of regenerating gene (REG) Ialpha protein is present not only in normal gastric mucosa but also in gastric cancer tissues, its pathophysiologic role in gastric cancer development remains unclear. We investigated REG Ialpha protein expression in early gastric cancers, and ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Sekikawa A,Fukui H,Fujii S,Takeda J,Nanakin A,Hisatsune H,Seno H,Takasawa S,Okamoto H,Fujimori T,Chiba T

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Impaired gallbladder emptying occurs in patients undergoing bile salt therapy for cholesterol gallstone dissolution and in patients with cirrhosis who have elevated serum bile salt concentrations. To determine if bile salts directly inhibit gallbladder contractility, isometric contraction of the guine...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Xu QW,Freedman SM,Shaffer EA

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the most common causes of liver enzyme elevation in the West. Its prevalence is likely to increase further, paralleling the epidemic increase of the metabolic syndrome. Serotonin degradation by monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) was recently implicated as an im...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Nocito A,Dahm F,Jochum W,Jang JH,Georgiev P,Bader M,Renner EL,Clavien PA

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Tobacco smoking has a complex effect on intestinal inflammation, being protective in ulcerative colitis, whereas it aggravates Crohn's disease. The beneficial effect of smoking has been attributed to nicotine, but the mechanisms underlying the adverse effect are still under investigation. The aim of t...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Galeazzi F,Blennerhassett PA,Qiu B,O'Byrne PM,Collins SM

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the amount of lactose that could be tolerated in a meal, 59 lactase-deficient American Indians, ranging in age from 5 to 62, were given graded doses of lactose. The diagnosis of lactase deficiency had beeen documented previously by showing increased breath hydrogen after an oral lactose load (2 g per kg, ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Newcomer AD,McGill DB,Thomas PJ,Hofmann AF

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Mechanisms responsible for crypt architectural distortion in chronic ulcerative colitis (CUC) are not well understood. Data indicate that serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (Akt) signaling cooperates with Wingless (Wnt) to activate beta-catenin in intestinal stem and progenitor cells through phosphor...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Lee G,Goretsky T,Managlia E,Dirisina R,Singh AP,Brown JB,May R,Yang GY,Ragheb JW,Evers BM,Weber CR,Turner JR,He XC,Katzman RB,Li L,Barrett TA

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Entecavir is a novel and selective nucleoside analogue with potent activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV). METHODS:In a 24-week, double-blind, randomized, multicenter, phase II clinical trial, the safety and efficacy of entecavir (0.01 mg/day, 0.1 mg/day, or 0.5 mg/day orally) were compared with la...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Lai CL,Rosmawati M,Lao J,Van Vlierberghe H,Anderson FH,Thomas N,Dehertogh D

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:The enteric nervous system (ENS) regulates gastrointestinal function via different subtypes of neurons, organized into fine-tuned neural circuits. It is not clear how cell diversity is created within the embryonic ENS; information required for development of cell-based therapies and models of enteric ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Memic F,Knoflach V,Morarach K,Sadler R,Laranjeira C,Hjerling-Leffler J,Sundström E,Pachnis V,Marklund U

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00