Abstract：
:The aim of this study was to determine the effects on respiratory drive of two factors, one mechanical (lung volume) and one chemical (sensitivity to hypercapnia), that are involved in determining the breath-hold duration (BHD). Functional residual capacity was measured by helium dilution with the subject seated in air, seated in water and in the prone position in water. Hyperoxic hypercapnia rebreathing (Read's method) was carried out under identical environmental conditions to assess the effects of CO2 pressure on respiratory centre output by measuring ventilation, mean inspiratory flow and occlusion pressure. Sixteen healthy volunteers were tested. 8 trained divers and 8 non-divers. Functional residual capacity decreased for the postures seated in water (30.8%-34.8%) and for prone position in water (20.3%-20.9%) when compared to the posture seated in air (P<0.0001), all subjects pooled. No difference was found between groups. The slopes of the linear regression, which characterised the sensitivity to CO2 and were determined with the rebreathing tests, revealed differences between the two populations (ventilation: P < 0.0001; mean inspiratory flow: P < 0.05). No difference was found for occlusion pressure or between the different postures. These results confirmed a lower sensitivity to CO2 for trained divers. This adaptation was shown to decrease respiratory centre activity at the origin of the breath-hold breaking point. The immersion, did not influence respiratory drive, despite a decrease in lung volumes. The authors suggest that these findings may be explained by a specific apnoea training and a pronounced bradycardia in immersion.
journal_name
Eur J Appl Physioljournal_title
European journal of applied physiologyauthors
Delapille P,Verin E,Tourny-Chollet C,Pasquis Pdoi
10.1007/s004210100518keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-11-01 00:00:00pages
97-103issue
1eissn
1439-6319issn
1439-6327journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to examine the influence of age on cycling efficiency and sprint power output in well-trained endurance masters athletes. METHODS:The investigation was conducted on 60 healthy well-trained triathletes separated into six separate groups (n = 10) depending on age: 20-29 years old; 30-39...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-014-2977-8
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Regional variation in sweating over the body is widely recognised. However, most studies only measured a limited number of regions, with the use of differing thermal states across studies making a good meta-analysis to obtain a whole body map problematic. A study was therefore conducted to investigate regional sweat r...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-010-1744-8
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physical inactivity in response to a spinal cord injury (SCI) represents a potent stimulus for conduit artery remodelling. Changes in conduit artery characteristics may be induced by the local effects of denervation (and consequent extreme inactivity below the level of the lesion), and also by systemic adaptations due...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-012-2400-2
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we compared the efficacy of 8 months of low-frequency vibration and a walk-based program in health-related fitness. Twenty-seven postmenopausal women were randomly assigned into two groups: whole-body vibration (WBV) group (n = 18) performed three times/week a static exercise on a vibration platform (6 ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-009-1067-9
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) is important in regulating trans-membrane ion gradients, cellular excitability and muscle function. We investigated the effects of resistance training in healthy young adults on the adaptability of NKA content and of the specific α and β isoforms in human skeletal muscle. METHODS:Twent...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-020-04408-3
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:In cross-country sit-skiing (XCSS), athletes with reduced trunk control predominantly sit with the knees higher than the hips (KH); a position often associated with large spinal flexion. Therefore, to improve spinal curvature a new sledge with frontal trunk support, where knees are lower than hips (KL) was crea...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-017-3596-y
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Cold injuries are more prevalent in individuals of African descent (AFD). Therefore, we investigated the effect of extremity cooling on skin blood flow (SkBF) and temperature (T sk) between ethnic groups. METHODS:Thirty males [10 Caucasian (CAU), 10 Asian (ASN), 10 AFD] undertook three tests in 30 °C air whils...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-014-2962-2
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Through our recent studies on heart rate variability (Oida et al. J Appl Physiol 82:1794-1801, 1997; J Gerontol 54A:M219-M224, 1999a; Acta Physiol Scand 165:129-134, 1999b; Acta Physiol Scand 165:421-422, 1999c), we discover that autonomic functions could be assessed quantitatively in time domain by the tone-entropy (...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-005-1364-x
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study tested the hypothesis that a novel, audio-visual-directed, home-based exercise training intervention would be effective at improving cardiometabolic health and mental well-being in inactive premenopausal women. METHODS:Twenty-four inactive premenopausal women (39 ± 10 years) were randomly assigned t...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-020-04315-7
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exercise is linked with intensity-dependent immune response. Intracellular redox status is important in programmed cell death. This study, by closely examining 18 sedentary men who exercised moderately and severely (ie. 60% and 80% VO2max, respectively) for 40 min, investigated how exercise intensities influence intra...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-005-0005-8
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of superimposed electromyostimulation (E) during cycling on the acute hormonal and metabolic response, as E might be a useful tool to intensify endurance training without performing high external workloads. METHODS:Thirteen subjects participated in t...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-014-2952-4
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:No previous studies have investigated the effect of lower body compression garments (CG) on running performance in the heat. This study tested the hypothesis that CG would negatively affect running performance in the heat by comparing CG and non-CG conditions for running performance and physiological responses in hot ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-010-1705-2
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this research is to study the effects of aging and combined training (sprint and strength) on catecholamine responses [adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA)]. METHODS:Thirty-two male subjects voluntarily participated in this study. They were randomly divided into four groups: A young trained gro...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-014-2828-7
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the consequences of a high-speed boat transit on physical performance. Twenty-four Royal Marines were randomly assigned to a control (CON) or transit (TRAN) group. The CON group sat onshore for 3 h whilst the TRAN group completed a 3-h transit in open-boats running side-by-...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-010-1765-3
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigated the use of a tri-axial accelerometer, Tracmor2, for the measurement of physical activity in children. Eleven children [age 6.9 (2.2) years, body mass 19.5 (5.3) kg and height 112.3 (14.4) cm] were studied. Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) was measured using the doubly labeled water ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-003-0891-6
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Continuous assessment of mixed venous oxygen saturation (cSvO(2)) during exercise using a fiber optic pulmonary artery catheter can provide valuable information on the physiological determinants of the exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Since its accuracy is not well established during exe...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-007-0597-2
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Walking is a complex locomotor process that involves both spinal cord reflexes and cortical integration of peripheral nerve input. Maintaining an upright body position requires not only neuromuscular activity but also cardiovascular regulation. We postulated that plantar mechanical stimulation might modulate au...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-016-3479-7
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine the effects of lower-limb unilateral resistance exercise on central and peripheral arterial stiffness, thirteen participants (7 male and 6 female, mean age = 21.5 +/- 0.7 years) performed leg press exercise using their dominant leg. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was used to measure central (carotid to femoral) ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-006-0259-9
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to examine the magnitude and the origin of neuromuscular fatigue induced by half-squat static whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise, and to compare it to a non-WBV condition. Nine healthy volunteers completed two fatiguing protocols (WBV and non-WBV, randomly presented) consisting of five 1-min...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-013-2590-2
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Standing workstations have recently been promoted as a healthy alternative to sitting. However, it is unknown how prolonged standing affects arterial stiffness, a prognostic indicator of cardiovascular health. The purpose of this study was twofold: to observe changes in arterial stiffness, as assessed by pulse ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-018-3956-2
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study is aimed to evaluate whether circulating adiponectin concentration is associated with physical activity (PA) level in healthy older females. To date, daily PA in older adults (> or = 65 years) has primarily relied on self-report. This study used accelerometry, which objectively measured minute-by-minute mov...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-010-1423-9
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An intermittent exposure to artificial hypergravity with physical exercise by a human centrifuge may provide a countermeasure against various physiological problems after space flight. To test the effects of hypergravity with ergometric exercise on dynamic regulation of heart rate during weightlessness, we quantified ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-004-1308-x
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intense exercise is known to cause temporary impairments in immune function. Few studies, however, have investigated the effects of intense competitive exercise on immunoendocrine variables in elite team sport athletes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time course of changes in selected immunoendocrine and in...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-009-1200-9
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both physical as well as mental demands result in an increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) with changes in blood-pressure and heart-rate. Through local release of catecholamines, e.g. noradrenaline (NAd) SNS exerts various actions at the muscle level. The aims of this study were to investigate the...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-009-1095-5
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is not known how the mode of exercise, dynamic and static exercises, affects the limb volume. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate hand and wrist volume (HWV) after dynamic and static handgrip exercise. Nine healthy subjects (age 31.8 +/- 7.3 years; height 172.0 +/- 5.7 cm; body mass 66.9 +/- 8.1...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-008-0672-3
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microdialysis presents the unique possibility to measure metabolite concentrations in human interstitial fluid. During exercise, the recovery of these metabolites should be precisely monitored since it is known to increase greatly with muscle blood flow. The loss of ethanol, perfused at low concentration, can be accur...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-004-1099-0
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Bruce treadmill protocol is an often-used exercise test for children and adults. Few and mainly old normative data are available for young children. In this cross-sectional observational study we determined new reference values for the original Bruce protocol in children aged 4 and 5 years. Furthermore, we compare...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-009-1236-x
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study we investigated force loss and recovery after eccentric exercise, and further characterized profound losses in muscle function (n = 192 subjects--98 males, 94 females; population A). Maximal voluntary contractile force (MVC) was assessed before, immediately after, and at 36 and 132 h after eccentric exer...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004210000346
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Participation in at least 30 min of moderate intensity activity on most days is assumed to confer health benefits. This study accordingly determined whether the more vigorous household and garden tasks (sweeping, window cleaning, vacuuming and lawn mowing) are performed by middle-aged men at a moderate intensity of 3-...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-003-0932-1
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A plateau in oxygen consumption (VO(2)) has long been considered the criterion for maximal effort during an incremental exercise test. But, surprisingly, the termination of a maximum exercise test often occurs in the absence of a VO(2) plateau. To explain this inconsistency, some have proposed that an oxygen limitatio...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-003-0845-z
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
