Abstract:
:Fluorescent labeling of amine functional groups using dansyl chloride (DNS-Cl), and in sodium carbonate buffer, allowed the detection of 1 microg amounts of analytes. The methodology presented allows dansylation of primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups at a temperature of 25 degrees C. The dansylation of tertiary amines involves a chemical reaction which removes one substituent (or branch) of the amine group. A one molar working concentration of Na(2)CO(3) is used, and is at pH 11.0. Compounds such as isopropylamine, dipropylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, triisooctylamine, and N,N-dimethylaniline were labeled by use of DNS-Cl from samples obtained from a complex mixture of alkanes. The compound p-chloroaniline contains a primary amine group and is a solid at 25 degrees, quickly dissolves in the one molar sodium carbonate buffer and is dansylated in 15 min. Heroin, which contains a tertiary amine group, was extracted into ethyl acetate from an aqueous solution, then reacted with DNS-Cl. Benzocaine, a local anesthetic, was dansylated in 15 min. Tertiary amine groups incorporated in a rigid ring system, such as for caffeine, strychnine, and the ionic salt form of cocaine hydrochloride did not react with DNS-Cl under these conditions. The reaction time for tertiary amines was 2 h or less, and 15 min for compounds having primary and secondary amine groups. Separation of the dansylated compounds from unreacted DNS-Cl was accomplished by diethyl ether extraction of the aqueous reaction solution, followed by thin layer chromatography using various organic solvents such as acetone and methylene chloride.
journal_name
J Pharmacol Toxicol Methodsjournal_title
Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methodsauthors
Bartzatt Rdoi
10.1016/s1056-8719(01)00157-5keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-05-01 00:00:00pages
247-53issue
3eissn
1056-8719issn
1873-488Xpii
S1056-8719(01)00157-5journal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Guinea pigs were sensitized with ovalbumin (i.p.) 14 days before use. In vivo airway hyperreactivity induced by ovalbumin inhalation was determined by challenging with aerosolized spasmogen (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT] methacholine, the thromboxane-mimetic, U-46619, or adenosine) 24 hr before (7 days with adenosine) an...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(95)00093-3
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Fosmidomycin is a phosphonic acid derivative originally isolated as a natural antibiotic from Streptomyces lavendulae. It was originally used as an antibiotic, and later on as an antimalarial drug. A simple, sensitive, selective and reproducible bioassay based on colorimetric method was developed for the d...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2010.02.012
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sensitive and precise gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method with selected ion monitoring has been developed for determination of ketamine in the brain using chlorpheniramine as an internal standard. The assay is based on the acid extraction of brain homogenate with hexane and ethyl ether with subsequent alkali...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(99)00023-4
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The evaluation of drug's cytotoxicity is a crucial step in the development of new pharmacological compounds. 31P NMR can be a tool for toxicological screening, as it enables the study of drugs' cytotoxicity and their effect on cell energy metabolism in a real-time, in a non- invasive and non-destructive wa...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2018.11.004
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A radioimmunoassay of the undecapeptide substance P (SP) and its application in rabbit lung superfusate has been developed. The assay was based on the use of a radioactive tracer, 125I-SP-Tyr8, which showed, with an excess of antibodies, a specific binding greater than 90% and a nonspecific binding lower than 2%. This...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(98)00012-4
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In experimental pain research the effect of opioids is normally assessed by verbal subjective response to analgesia. However, as many confounders in pain assessment exist, objective bed-side assessment of the effect is highly warranted. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effect of morphine on three objectiv...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2015.01.005
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hemodynamic and biochemical changes were studied on 36 white ELCO-rabbits, seven adult older than 150 days, seven immatures between 21 and 27 days, and seven neonatals between 7 and 14 days. Five supplementary hearts of each age group served for preischemic biochemical values. Protection during 60 min of global ischem...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(93)90016-8
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:A Tecan-based enzyme inhibition assay has been developed for the determination of atorvastatin-derived 'active' and 'total' (active inhibitors plus atorvastatin lactone and other potential inhibitors following base hydrolysis) 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor concentratio...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2007.06.002
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipid peroxidation is a major consequence of oxidative stress and an important cause of neuronal damage in ischaemic injuries and neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease. Recent research has focused on the development of antioxidant drugs which may delay or minimize neurodegeneration. Rapid and reliabl...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(98)00022-7
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Parts A and B of the ICH S7 guidelines on safety pharmacology describe the in vivo studies that must be conducted prior to first time in man administration of any new pharmaceutical. ICH S7A requires a consideration of the sensitivity and reproducibility of the test systems used. This could encompass maint...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2013.04.008
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Challenge of guinea-pig tracheal epithelium with hyperosmolar solution alters ion transport and evokes the release of epithelium-derived relaxing factor (EpDRF). Cultured tracheal epithelial cells (CE) offer the potential to examine biochemical pathways related to EpDRF release, but whether the bioelectric...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2006.04.005
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Computational methods have been widely applied to toxicology across pharmaceutical, consumer product and environmental fields over the past decade. Progress in computational toxicology is now reviewed. METHODS:A literature review was performed on computational models for hepatotoxicity (e.g. for drug-indu...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2013.12.003
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:An increase in striatal dopamine is considered essential for the rewarding and reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse. We have developed and validated an ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for the analysis of dopamine in rat brain extracellular fluid (...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2015.06.002
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Increase of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity is widely used as a surrogate marker for tissue damage. Two ALT isoforms, ALT1 and ALT2, have been cloned recently in mammals. The study investigated the source of elevated ALT activity in serum of dogs treated with a hepatotoxic compound. METHODS:...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2009.09.001
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Recent EU/US pediatric legislation and FDA/EMEA guidelines recognize the potential differences in safety profiles of drugs in adults versus young patients. Hence safety studies are recommended to investigate key functional domains of e.g. the developing CNS. METHODS:Selected psychoactive stimulants (caffe...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2008.06.001
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review article describes various quantitation methods for the insulin-regulatable glucose transporter (Glut4). Several methods including reconstituted glucose transport, cytochalasin B binding assays, immunocytochemistry, immunoblots, ELISA, and the more recently developed exofacial labels are discussed. Since Gl...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(97)00036-1
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Drug-induced prolongation of the electrocardiographic QT interval (long QT syndrome) has been associated with increased risk of a serious ventricular arrhythmia, torsade de pointes. Inhibition of hERG, a cardiac potassium channel that controls action potential repolarization, is the most common cause of QT...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2008.10.004
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Drug-induced cardiovascular effects identified in conscious cynomolgus monkeys equipped with tethers and prepared for radiotelemetry were compared with results from anesthetized non-human primate (cynomolgus and rhesus) models. METHODS:Remifentanil (4.0 microg/kg, bolus), esmolol (2.0 mg/kg, bolus) and do...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2008.05.004
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The standard Ficoll-Hypaque method used to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) gives very variable results when used with cynomolgus monkey blood. We have improved the method by using special cell processing tubes (CP-tubes), originally developed for clinical use. METHODS:Blood samples were ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2004.04.003
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Induction of acute myocardial infarction in the rat is an established model for studying effects of therapeutic interventions. Images of sections of the rat left ventricle, stained with nitroblue tetrazolium, were digitized and several parameters estimated by dedicated software on an image analyzer (IBAS 2.0). The met...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(95)00019-e
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::"What do you know about Safety Pharmacology?" This is the question that was asked in 2000 with the inception of the Safety Pharmacology Society (SPS). There is now a widespread awareness of the role of safety pharmacology in drug discovery and increasing awareness among the wider community of methods and models used i...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type:
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2014.08.004
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INDUCTION:Despite increasing acceptance of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) in safety pharmacology, controversy remains about the physiological relevance of existing in vitro models for their mechanical testing. We hypothesize that existing signs of immaturity of the cell models re...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106892
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comparison is made of four rat aortic preparations, that is, single ring, spiral strip, zig-zag strip, and multiple-ring, on the basis of the responses to norepinephrine (NE) and acetylcholine (ACh). The single ring preparation was suitable under isometric, but not under isotonic conditions, because of the small iso...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(96)00023-8
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The origins of safety pharmacology are grounded upon observations that organ functions (like organ structures) can be toxicological targets in humans exposed to novel therapeutic agents, and that drug effects on organ functions (unlike organ structures) are not readily detected by standard toxicological testing. Safet...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2004.02.007
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulation of brain temperature during and after cerebral ischemia plays an important role in the evolution of neuronal damage. Therefore, it is essential to maintain brain temperature at 37 degrees C during and after the ischemic insult. To get information about brain temperature during the experimental procedure, re...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(92)90016-t
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The pig is one of the most valuable in vivo models in biomedical research, however with only a few well-accessible veins suitable for venipuncture. Moreover, most of the known methods of blood collection are suitable only for a limited time period. The aim of the study was to verify an improved method of l...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2019.106584
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In response to the ongoing shift of the regulatory cardiac safety paradigm, a recent White Paper proposed general principles for developing and implementing proarrhythmia risk prediction models. These principles included development strategies to validate models, and implementation strategies to ensure a m...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106890
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relative importance of the discipline of safety pharmacology (which integrates physiology, pharmacologyand toxicology) has evolved since the incorporation of the Safety Pharmacology Society (SPS) as an entity on August 10, 2000. Safety pharmacology (SP), as a synthesis of these other fields of knowledge, is concer...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2015.05.013
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Detection of drug effects on neuronal synapses is important for predicting their adverse effects. We have used drebrin as a marker to detect the synaptic changes in cultured neurons. High concentration of glutamate decreases the amount of drebrin in synapses. To increase the availability of this method for...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2019.106607
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a need for short-term, reliable and reproducible animal model of chronic pancreatitis (CP) in small animals like mice. This study was aimed to establish the 9 exposures of cerulein-induced CP in mice. Repeated intraperitoneal cerulein injections were performed at 6 consecutive doses (50 μg/kg)/day, 3 days a w...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2019.01.002
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00