Abstract：
:Induction of acute myocardial infarction in the rat is an established model for studying effects of therapeutic interventions. Images of sections of the rat left ventricle, stained with nitroblue tetrazolium, were digitized and several parameters estimated by dedicated software on an image analyzer (IBAS 2.0). The method was tested on 7 rats with 48-hr-old myocardial infarction and 4 sham-operated controls. Infarct size can be evaluated by two largely used methods, based on area or on angular extension of the lesion. Results of the two methods are linearly correlated, but area calculations give values half of those obtained from angular extension. Five minutes were needed for a complete evaluation of a section of the left ventricle. Estimates of the parameters showed a relatively low between- and within-operator variability and a good correlation with a classic, but time-consuming, planimetric method. The method simultaneously measures infarct size and left ventricular geometry in the rat. The advantages over previous nonautomatic methods are simplicity, good reproducibility, and speed of execution, which make it particularly useful in the evaluation of drug effects.
journal_name
J Pharmacol Toxicol Methodsjournal_title
Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methodsauthors
Porzio S,Masseroli M,Messori A,Forloni G,Olivetti G,Jeremic G,Riva E,Luvarà G,Latini Rdoi
10.1016/1056-8719(95)00019-esubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-08-01 00:00:00pages
221-9issue
4eissn
1056-8719issn
1873-488Xpii
1056-8719(95)00019-Ejournal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A review of numerous studies of the protein binding of vancomycin suggests major discrepancies among their results. The reported percent protein binding of vancomycin varies from 0% to 98%. The influence of pH and concentration on the protein binding of vancomycin was investigated in this study. There was a significan...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/1056-8719(92)90066-a
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to develop a simple and noninvasive method for the quantitative evaluation of neuromuscular blockade in mice. The sciatic nerve in anesthetized animals (etomidate, 50 mg/kg or mephenesin, 250 mg/kg) was stimulated using transcutaneous electrodes; repetitive supramaximal stimulations (3 Hz...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/1056-8719(92)90033-w
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:A variety of in vitro tests to replace the Draize test have been developed; however, there is no available method for assessing the full spectrum of Globally Harmonized System (GHS) categories. Human cornea-like three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed tissue models are the most promising in vitro systems. The...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2018.02.007
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:There has been an increasing need to conduct investigative safety pharmacology studies to complement regulatory-required studies, particularly as it applies to a comprehensive assessment of cardiovascular (CV) risk. METHODS:We describe refined methodology using a combination of telemetry and direct signal...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2016.05.002
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The quantification of [(3)H]noradrenaline spillover from electrically stimulated, sympathetic nerves is a widely used method to study presynaptic effects of hormones, transmitters and drugs. Although a straightforward approach, the execution of the experiments is not trivial. This holds true mainly for a r...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1056-8719(02)00170-3
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potentiation of the antinociceptive effect of morphine by dipyrone (metamizol) and the possible participation of a peripheral mechanism on such synergism were studied with the use of the formalin test in the rat. Nociception was induced by the intraplantar injection of diluted formalin (1%) in the right hind paw. ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1056-8719(00)00046-0
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Epigenetic modifications, such as histone acetylation and deacetylation, are responsible for maintaining chromatin stability. As such, they have been implicated in a wide range of neurodegenerative disorders. METHODS:Histone acetylation involves the presentation of an acetyl group to lysine residues at th...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2012.08.001
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:We characterised the development of Type 2 diabetes and associated changes in islet appearance in female ZDF rats and explored its suitability for studies with novel therapeutic agents. METHODS:Female ZDF rats were either chow or high fat (60%) fed for up to 36 days and blood glucose and plasma insulin co...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2010.04.001
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Understanding the appropriate application of telemetry and other technologies for nonclinical investigation of functional safety issues in the context of ongoing toxicology evaluations is a current industry challenge. One major issue is related to the potential impact of surgical implantation of a telemetr...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2013.02.006
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Buffers used to incubate cells for pharmacological or toxicological studies are usually of very simple composition, far from the composition of biological fluids or cell culture media. Comparative studies on taurine uptake levels by cultured cells show that a new CO2-Independent Medium (CIM) is suitable for incubating...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1056-8719(98)00020-3
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Terfenadine, cisapride, and E-4031, three drugs that prolong ventricular repolarization, were selected to evaluate the sensitivity of the conscious chronic atrioventricular node--ablated, His bundle-paced Dog for defining drug induced cardiac repolarization prolongation. A novel predictive pharmacokinetic/...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2005.02.003
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:RL-14 cells, human fetal ventricular cardiomyocytes, are a commercially available cell line that has been established from non-proliferating primary cultures derived from human fetal heart tissue. However, the expression of different drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) in RL-14 cells has not been elucidated y...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2014.11.005
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The standard Ficoll-Hypaque method used to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) gives very variable results when used with cynomolgus monkey blood. We have improved the method by using special cell processing tubes (CP-tubes), originally developed for clinical use. METHODS:Blood samples were ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2004.04.003
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Regulatory guidelines recommend the use of conscious, unrestrained animals for comprehensive cardiovascular safety assessment of a new therapeutic agent. Cardiovascular safety pharmacology studies normally use internal telemetry (surgical implants) in free-moving animals to monitor key ECG endpoints, like ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2009.04.196
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:In response to the ongoing shift of the regulatory cardiac safety paradigm, a recent White Paper proposed general principles for developing and implementing proarrhythmia risk prediction models. These principles included development strategies to validate models, and implementation strategies to ensure a m...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106890
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Opioid withdrawal syndrome is a critical component of opioid abuse and consists of a wide array of symptoms including increases in pain sensitivity (hyperalgesia). A reliable preclinical model of hyperalgesia during opioid withdrawal is needed to evaluate possible interventions to alleviate withdrawal. The...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2013.02.003
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The origins of safety pharmacology are grounded upon observations that organ functions (like organ structures) can be toxicological targets in humans exposed to novel therapeutic agents, and that drug effects on organ functions (unlike organ structures) are not readily detected by standard toxicological testing. Safet...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2004.02.007
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Multiple cardiac ion channels are prone to block by pharmaceutical compounds, and this can have large implications for cardiac safety. The effect of a compound on individual ion currents can now be measured in automated patch clamp screening assays. In-silico action potential models are proposed as one way...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2015.05.002
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:In vivo profiles of aldosterone synthase inhibitors (ASIs) have been investigated utilizing various rodent models. Due to lack of CYP17 activity, rodents produce corticosterone rather than cortisol as that of humans, which raised concern to their effectiveness in translational pharmacological characterizat...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2014.09.011
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evaluation of the myocardial relaxation has become important in the last years. An impaired relaxation may precede contractile dysfunctions and even cause heart failure. To treat this impaired lusitropism it is necessary to properly assess the lusitropic state of the heart and understand how drugs affect the cellular ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/1056-8719(94)90011-6
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Majority of the work for establishing nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced migraine models in animals was done in rats, though recently some studies in mice were also reported. Different special formulations of NTG were investigated in various studies; however, NTG treated groups were often compared to simple salin...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2015.09.006
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Recently we have demonstrated that to the choice of tissue type is important in identifying I(Kr) and I(Ks)-induced prolongation of the action potential. However, the differential sensitivity of cardiac tissues to other ionic current blockers or modulators is relatively unknown. The aim of the present stud...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2007.06.005
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High-content screening (HCS) systems can be used for high-throughput screening of drugs in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). However, hESCs require immunofluorescence staining with stemness markers (e.g., Oct-4) prior to HCS, which can be time consuming and labor intensive. In this study, we employed transgenic hESC...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106913
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This editorial prefaces the annual themed issue on safety pharmacology (SP) methods published in the Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods (JPTM). We highlight here the content derived from the recent 2016 Safety Pharmacology Society (SPS), Canadian Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (CSPT), and J...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2017.04.012
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Small interfering RNA (siRNA) directs the targeted destruction of mRNA encoding a specific protein, in a process known as RNA interference (RNAi). This stops translation of the targeted mRNA into protein, effectively silencing the gene. RNAi is a recent discovery, identified in mammalian cells in 2001, but it has rapi...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2004.08.012
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic use of beta2-agonists and increased production of inflammatory mediators during the late allergic reaction after antigen challenge results in the desensitization of beta-adrenoceptors in the airways and the accompanying rise in nonspecific airway hyperresponsiveness. In this study, we established an in vivo mo...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1056-8719(98)00046-x
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Recent EU/US pediatric legislation and FDA/EMEA guidelines recognize the potential differences in safety profiles of drugs in adults versus young patients. Hence safety studies are recommended to investigate key functional domains of e.g. the developing CNS. METHODS:Selected psychoactive stimulants (caffe...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2008.06.001
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a need for short-term, reliable and reproducible animal model of chronic pancreatitis (CP) in small animals like mice. This study was aimed to establish the 9 exposures of cerulein-induced CP in mice. Repeated intraperitoneal cerulein injections were performed at 6 consecutive doses (50 μg/kg)/day, 3 days a w...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2019.01.002
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:In vitro metabolism models such as liver microsomes represent an important tool for the development of novel radioligands. Comparability and physiological relevance of in vitro metabolism data critically depend on the careful evaluation and optimization of assay protocols. We therefore investigated the inf...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2018.11.005
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Ex vivo studies of human fetal hepatic drug metabolism are uncommon as it requires access to functional liver tissue and therefore raises practical and ethical concerns. Large animal models provide an alternative opportunity to study changes in cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity in the mother and fetus during ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106934
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
