Short-term exposure to pregnancy levels of estrogen prevents mammary carcinogenesis.

abstract：:Unfolded RNase A is known to contain an equilibrium mixture of two forms, a slow-folding form (U(1)) and a fast-folding form (U(2)). If U(1) is produced after unfolding by the slow cis-trans isomerization of proline residues about X-Pro imide bonds, then the formation of U(1) should be catalyzed by strong acids. There...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schmid FX,Baldwin RL

更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although neurotrophins are primarily associated with long-term effects on neuronal survival and differentiation, recent studies have shown that acute changes in synaptic transmission can also be produced. In the hippocampus, an area critically involved in learning and memory, we have found that brain-derived neurotrop...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levine ES,Dreyfus CF,Black IB,Plummer MR

更新日期：1995-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have investigated the effect of the v-Myc oncoprotein on gene expression in myelomonocytic cells. We find that v-Myc dramatically down-regulates the expression of myelomonocytic-specific genes, such as the chicken mim-1 and lysozyme genes, both of which are known targets for C/EBP transcription factors. We present ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mink S,Mutschler B,Weiskirchen R,Bister K,Klempnauer KH

更新日期：1996-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) agonist muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a peptidoglycan motif common to all bacteria, supports leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5)+ intestinal stem cell (ISC) survival through NOD2 activation upon an otherwise lethal oxid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levy A,Stedman A,Deutsch E,Donnadieu F,Virgin HW,Sansonetti PJ,Nigro G

更新日期：2020-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The immune response is normally controlled by regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, Treg deficits are found in autoimmune diseases, and therefore the induction of functional Tregs is considered a potential therapeutic approach for autoimmune disorders. The activation of the ligand-activated transcription factor aryl hy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yeste A,Nadeau M,Burns EJ,Weiner HL,Quintana FJ

更新日期：2012-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Expression of amino acid biosynthesis genes in bacteria is often repressed when abundant supplies of the cognate amino acid are available. Repression of the Bacillus subtilis lysC gene by lysine was previously shown to occur at the level of premature termination of transcription. In this study we show that lysine dire...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grundy FJ,Lehman SC,Henkin TM

更新日期：2003-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Coastal hypoxia (dissolved oxygen ≤ 2 mg/L) is a growing problem worldwide that threatens marine ecosystem services, but little is known about economic effects on fisheries. Here, we provide evidence that hypoxia causes economic impacts on a major fishery. Ecological studies of hypoxia and marine fauna suggest multipl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith MD,Oglend A,Kirkpatrick AJ,Asche F,Bennear LS,Craig JK,Nance JM

更新日期：2017-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:An obstacle in the utilization of catalytic Abs for selective prodrug activation in cancer therapy has been systemic tumor targeting. Here we report the generation of catalytic Abs that effectively target tumor cells with undiminished prodrug activation capability. Ab conjugates were prepared by covalent conjugation o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Abraham S,Guo F,Li LS,Rader C,Liu C,Barbas CF 3rd,Lerner RA,Sinha SC

更新日期：2007-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Methods are described for the removal of the sporophytic pollen grain coating of Brassica oleracea and for the isolation of coat polypeptides. The coat contains a small number of proteins ranging from 6 to 45 kDa. Many of the larger proteins are glycosylated, while all carry high positive charges resulting in pI value...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Doughty J,Hedderson F,McCubbin A,Dickinson H

更新日期：1993-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptors on activated T cells exist in high- and low-affinity configurations, both of which share a ligand-binding component known as the Tac protein. Although almost all binding of IL-2 to such cells was inhibited by an antibody to Tac, the predominant component of binding on the natural killer ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Robb RJ,Rusk CM,Yodoi J,Greene WC

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Caulobacter crescentus flagellum is formed at a specific time in the cell cycle and its assembly requires the ordered expression of a large number of genes. These genes are controlled in a positive trans-acting hierarchy that reflects the order of assembly of the flagellum. Using plasmids carrying transcriptional ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu H,Dingwall A,Shapiro L

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vibrational modes in mechanical resonators provide a promising candidate to interface and manipulate classical and quantum information. The observation of coherent dynamics between distant mechanical resonators can be a key step toward scalable phonon-based applications. Here we report tunable coherent phonon dynamics...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang ZZ,Song XX,Luo G,Su ZJ,Wang KL,Cao G,Li HO,Xiao M,Guo GC,Tian L,Deng GW,Guo GP

更新日期：2020-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:A vaccine capable of stimulating protective antiviral antibody responses is needed to curtail the global AIDS epidemic caused by HIV-1. Although rarely elicited during the course of natural infection or upon conventional vaccination, the membrane-proximal ectodomain region (MPER) of the HIV-1 glycoprotein of M(r) 41,0...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Song L,Sun ZY,Coleman KE,Zwick MB,Gach JS,Wang JH,Reinherz EL,Wagner G,Kim M

更新日期：2009-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The TATA box-binding activity of transcription factor IID (TFIID) is autoinhibited by the N-terminal domain of the Drosophila TATA box-binding protein- (TBP) associated factor 230/yeast TBP-associated factor 145 subunit, which binds to the TATA box-binding domain of TBP by mimicking the TATA box structure. Here, we pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kotani T,Banno K,Ikura M,Hinnebusch AG,Nakatani Y,Kawaichi M,Kokubo T

更新日期：2000-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Six alternative hypotheses for the phylogenetic origin of Bilateria are evaluated by using complete 18S rRNA gene sequences for 52 taxa. These data suggest that there is little support for three of these hypotheses. Bilateria is not likely to be the sister group of Radiata or Ctenophora, nor is it likely that Bilateri...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Collins AG

更新日期：1998-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The ovaries of the mosquito Aedes aegypti cultured in vitro secrete material that behaves like ecdysone in a radioimmunoassay. The material was identified as alpha-ecdysone by high-resolution liquid and gas-liquid chromatography. Secretion reached a maximum 16 hr after a blood meal as shown by bioassay and direct dete...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hagedorn HH,O'Connor JD,Fuchs MS,Sage B,Schlaeger DA,Bohm MK

更新日期：1975-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hearing is one of the last sensory modalities to be subjected to genetic analysis in Drosophila melanogaster. We describe a behavioral assay for auditory function involving courtship among groups of males triggered by the pulse component of the courtship song. In a mutagenesis screen for mutations that disrupt the aud...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eberl DF,Duyk GM,Perrimon N

更新日期：1997-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:microRNAs comprise a few percent of animal genes and have been recognized as important regulators of a diverse range of biological processes. Understanding the biological functions of miRNAs requires effective means to identify their targets. Combined efforts from computational prediction, miRNA over-expression or dep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hong X,Hammell M,Ambros V,Cohen SM

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tissue-specific transcriptional coactivator OCA-B is required for antigen-dependent B cell differentiation events, including germinal center formation. However, the identity of OCA-B target genes involved in this process is unknown. This study has used large-scale cDNA arrays to monitor changes in gene expression ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim U,Siegel R,Ren X,Gunther CS,Gaasterland T,Roeder RG

更新日期：2003-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Design and synthesis of 3D metallic carbon that is stable under ambient conditions has been a long-standing dream. We predict the existence of such phases, T6- and T14-carbon, consisting of interlocking hexagons. Their dynamic, mechanical, and thermal stabilities are confirmed by carrying out a variety of state-of-the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang S,Wang Q,Chen X,Jena P

更新日期：2013-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry (CXMS) is being increasingly used to study protein assemblies and complex protein interaction networks. Existing CXMS chemical cross-linkers target only Lys, Cys, Glu, and Asp residues, limiting the information measurable. Here we report a "plant-and-cast" cross-linking strateg...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang B,Wu H,Schnier PD,Liu Y,Liu J,Wang N,DeGrado WF,Wang L

更新日期：2018-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the effects of specific ligands of the receptor for the IgG Fc fragment (FcR) on the membrane potential (delta psi) of the macrophage cell line J774 by the [3H]tetraphenylphosphonium ion equilibration technique. We observe a membrane depolarization with binding of FcR ligands that is dependent on the d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Young JD,Unkeless JC,Kaback HR,Cohn ZA

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The structural features that determine tRNA(Ala) acceptor identity have been studied with amber-suppressor tRNAs in Escherichia coli cells. Previous work established that a wobble pair composed of guanosine at position 3 and uridine at position 70 (G3-U70) in the acceptor helix of tRNA(Ala) is a determinant of the mol...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McClain WH,Foss K,Jenkins RA,Schneider J

更新日期：1991-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:It was reported that the rate of elongation of partially reconstituted RNA, if prepared without centrifugation, showed dependency upon the state of protein aggregation like that found when free RNA was used as the nucleic acid source [Butler, P. J. G. (1974) J. Mol. Biol. 82, 333-341]. Butler concluded from this resul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ohno T,Takahashi M,Okada Y

更新日期：1977-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The extracellular hemoglobin of Ascaris has an extremely high oxygen affinity (P50 = 0.004 mmHg). It consists of eight identical subunits of molecular weight 40,600. Their sequence, determined by protein chemistry, shows two tandemly linked globin-like sequences and an 18-residue C-terminal extension. Two N-linked gly...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： De Baere I,Liu L,Moens L,Van Beeumen J,Gielens C,Richelle J,Trotman C,Finch J,Gerstein M,Perutz M

更新日期：1992-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:New advances in polarized light microscopy were used to image Congo red-stained cerebral amyloidosis in sharp relief. The rotating-polarizer method was used to separate the optical effects of transmission, linear birefringence, extinction, linear dichroism, and orientation of the electric dipole transition moments and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jin LW,Claborn KA,Kurimoto M,Geday MA,Maezawa I,Sohraby F,Estrada M,Kaminksy W,Kahr B

更新日期：2003-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Reinstatement of neural activity is hypothesized to underlie our ability to mentally travel back in time to recover the context of a previous experience. We used intracranial recordings to directly examine the precise spatiotemporal extent of neural reinstatement as 32 participants with electrodes placed for seizure m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yaffe RB,Kerr MS,Damera S,Sarma SV,Inati SK,Zaghloul KA

更新日期：2014-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence for hydrogen bonding between 5'-ribonucleotides in water has been obtained from a 220-MHz proton magnetic resonance study of nitrogenous protons. The amino groups of GMP, AMP, and CMP exhibit proton resonance lines which are somewhat broadened by proton exchange with the solvent at 0 degrees ; their downfield...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Raszka M,Kaplan NO

更新日期：1972-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic and biochemical studies on enzymes known to be involved in regulating DNA supercoiling yield a complex spectrum of effects on the Escherichia coli SOS system. Previous studies indicated that only inhibition of DNA gyrase by antibiotics that act on the DNA gyrase A subunit results in turning on the E. coli SOS ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith CL

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The designed assembly of proteins into well-defined supramolecular architectures not only tests our understanding of protein-protein interactions, but it also provides an opportunity to tailor materials with new physical and chemical properties. Previously, we described that RIDC3, a designed variant of the monomeric ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brodin JD,Carr JR,Sontz PA,Tezcan FA

更新日期：2014-02-25 00:00:00