Abstract:
:The RING (really interesting new gene) finger proteins containing a characteristic C3HC4 or C3H2C3 motif appear to act as E3 ubiquitin ligase and play important roles in many processes, including cell-cycle progression, oncogenesis, signal transduction, and development. This review is focused on SAG/ROC/Rbx/Hrt (sensitive to apoptosis gene/regulator of cullins/RING box protein), an evolutionarily conserved RING finger family of proteins that were cloned recently by several independent laboratories through differential display, yeast two-hybrid screening, or biochemical purification. SAG/ROC2/Rbx2/Hrt2 is expressed in multiple mouse adult tissues, as well as early embryos. In humans, both SAG and ROC1 are ubiquitously expressed at a very high level in heart, skeletal muscle, and testis. Expression of both SAG and ROC1 is induced by mitogenic stimulation. SAG is also induced by a redox agent in cultured cells, as well as in in vivo mouse brain upon ischemia/reperfusion. Structurally, SAG consists of four exons and three introns with at least one splicing variant and two pseudogenes. The SAG gene promoter is enriched with multiple transcription factor binding sites. Biochemically, SAG binds to RNA, has metal-ion binding/free radical scavenging activity, and is redox-sensitive. Most importantly, like ROC1, SAG/ROC2 binds to cullins and acts as an essential component of E3 ubiquitin ligase. Biologically, SAG is a growth-essential gene in yeast. In mammalian cells, SAG protects apoptosis mainly through inhibition of cytochrome c release/caspase activation, and promotes growth under serum deprivation at least in part by inhibiting p27 accumulation. Blocking SAG expression via antisense transfection inhibits tumor cell growth. Thus, SAG appears to be a valid drug target for anticancer therapy.
journal_name
Antioxid Redox Signaljournal_title
Antioxidants & redox signalingauthors
Sun Y,Tan M,Duan H,Swaroop Mdoi
10.1089/15230860152542989keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-08-01 00:00:00pages
635-50issue
4eissn
1523-0864issn
1557-7716journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:AIMS:Chronic metabolic impairment and oxidative stress are associated with the pathogenesis of axonal dysfunction in a growing number of neurodegenerative conditions. To investigate the intertwining of both noxious factors, we have chosen the mouse model of adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), which exhibits axonal degenerati...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2010.3877
更新日期:2011-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing evidence indicates that disequilibrium of the alveolar oxidant-antioxidant balance may play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic fibrosing lung diseases. Excessive production of oxidants and a differential regulation of antioxidant enzymes have been described under these conditions. We characterized for th...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2008.2105
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myocardial infarction triggers an inflammatory cascade that results in healing and replacement of the damaged tissue with scar. Cardiomyocyte necrosis triggers innate immune mechanisms eliciting Toll-like receptor- mediated responses, activating the complement cascade and generating reactive oxygen species. Subsequent...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2006.8.1907
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of free radicals in aging has been a long-standing theory that has now been extended to include both reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The original concepts that overwhelming oxidative stress depleted antioxidants and thus damaged intracellular targets is being supplanted by the hypothesis that the reacti...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1089/15230860050192143
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular chaperones play key roles in protein quality control, signal transduction, proliferation, and cell death, and confer cytoprotection and assure survival after environmental stress. The heat-shock response is implicated in a variety of conditions including ischemic diseases, infection and immunity, neurodegene...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2007.1866
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is a gasotransmitter with multifaceted physiological functions, including the regulation of glucose metabolism. Methylglyoxal (MG) is an intermediate of glucose metabolism and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance syndromes. In the present study, we investigated the...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2009.2918
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Here we report that chromatin, the complex and dynamic eukaryotic DNA packaging structure, is able to sense cellular redox changes. Histone H3, the only nucleosomal protein that possesses cysteine(s), can be modified by glutathione (GSH). RESULTS:Using Biotin labeled glutathione ethyl ester (BioGEE) treatment of ...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2012.5021
更新日期:2013-10-20 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Pharmacological activation of the adaptive response to hypoxia is a therapeutic strategy of growing interest for neurological conditions, including stroke, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease. We screened a drug library with known safety in humans using a hippocampal neuroblast line expressing a reporter...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5595
更新日期:2015-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated within the vascular wall trigger low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and carbonyl stress that are involved in atherogenesis. We recently reported that the antihypertensive drug, hydralazine, exhibits carbonyl scavenger and antiatherogenic properties, but...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2010.3321
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The paracellular cleft within epithelia/endothelia is sealed by tight junction (TJ) proteins. Their extracellular loops (ECLs) are assumed to control paracellular permeability and are targets of pathogenes. We demonstrated that claudin-1 is crucial for paracellular tightening. Its ECL1 is essential for the s...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5706
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:SIGNIFICANCE:Currently, calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is only treatable through surgical intervention because the specific mechanisms leading to the disease remain unclear. In this review, we explore the forces and structure of the valve, as well as the mechanosensors and downstream signaling in the valve endoth...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2015.6554
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we sought to investigate the putative association of the oxidized metabolites derived from linoleic acid (OXFAs) with pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We studied 80 obese adolescents (age 13.3 ± 3.31 years; body mass index 33.0 ± 6.79 kg/m(2)), who underwent ...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5466
更新日期:2014-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::Loss of redox homeostasis and formation of excessive free radicals play an important role in the pathogenesis of kidney disease and hypertension. Free radicals such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) are necessary in physiologic processes. However, loss of redox homeostasis contributes to proinflammatory and profibrotic...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2008.2034
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is a bulk degradation process in which cytosolic proteins and organelles are degraded through lysosomes. To evaluate autophagic flux in cardiac myocytes, we generated adenovirus and cardiac-specific transgenic mice harboring tandem fluorescent mRFP-GFP-LC3. Starvation significantly increased the number of mR...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2010.3488
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:SIGNIFICANCE:Evidence is emerging that parenteral administration of high-dose vitamin C may warrant development as an adjuvant therapy for patients with sepsis. RECENT ADVANCES:Sepsis increases risk of death and disability, but its treatment consists only of supportive therapies because no specific therapy is availabl...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5401
更新日期:2013-12-10 00:00:00
abstract:SIGNIFICANCE:Ionizing radiation is a vital component in the oncologist's arsenal for the treatment of cancer. Approximately 50% of all cancer patients will receive some form of radiation therapy as part of their treatment regimen. DNA is considered the major cellular target of ionizing radiation and can be damaged dire...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2012.5000
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:SIGNIFICANCE:Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death worldwide and pose an immense economical burden. In most cases, the underlying problem is vascular occlusion by atherosclerotic plaques. Importantly, different cell types of the vascular wall and the immune system play crucial roles in atherosclerosis at ...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2016.6946
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion (O2-*) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can be produced by vascular endothelium and smooth muscle cells under diverse physiological and pathophysiological situations. These species are known to exert various deleterious effects by which they might induce changes in va...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2000.2.2-363
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies have shown that advancing age is associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) comprise the major arterial cell population, and changes in VSMC behavior, function, and redox status with age contribute to alterations in vascular remo...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2009.2854
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs), a subfamily of the mitochondrial transporter family, are related by sequence homology to UCP1. This protein, which is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, dissipates the proton gradient between the intermembrane space and the mitochondrial matrix to uncouple electron t...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2005.7.1173
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:: Significance: Unique to the branched-chain aminotransferase (BCAT) proteins is their redox-active CXXC motif. Subjected to post-translational modification by reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, these proteins have the potential to adopt numerous cellular...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2020.8118
更新日期:2020-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::It has been known that glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) can reduce lipid hydroperoxides through their Se-independent glutathione peroxidase activity and that these enzymes can also detoxify lipid peroxidation end products such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). In this article, recent studies suggesting that the Alpha clas...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/152308604322899350
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The present study was designed to explore the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on Ca(2+) homeostasis in rat pancreatic acini. RESULTS:Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS; an H2S donor) induced a biphasic increase in the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) in a dose-dependent manner. The NaHS-induced [Ca(2+)]i el...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2012.5108
更新日期:2014-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Signal transduction via PI 3-kinases plays an important role in regulating the cellular processes of cell growth, survival, proliferation, and motility. The stimulated generation of reactive oxygen species is a necessary component of the signal transduction mechanisms by which many growth factors and cytokines activat...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2006.8.1765
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) plays a crucial role in tissue pathological changes such as brain injuries. Our previous studies have demonstrated that bradykinin (BK) induces the expression of several inflammatory proteins, including matrix metalloproteinase-9 and COX-2, via mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear fact...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2009.2957
更新日期:2010-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to couple photosynthetic electron transport and redox poise to plastid gene expression enables plants to respond to environmental conditions and coordinate nuclear and chloroplast activities in order to maintain photosynthetic efficiency. The plastid redox regulatory system serves as a paradigm for underst...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/152308603321223577
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Oxidative stress is thought to be involved in Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), yet it has not been demonstrated in the target neurons that are first to degenerate. Using the YG8R mouse model of FRDA, microarray and neuritic growth experiments were carried out in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), the primary site of neuro...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2012.4537
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, and thrombosis. Several animal models of hyperhomocysteinemia have been developed by using both dietary and genetic approaches. These animal models have provided considerable insight into the mechanisms underlying the adverse vascular effects of...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2007.1806
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transforming growth factor-betas (TGF-beta) regulate a wide variety of cellular functions in normal development and are involved in both tissue homeostasis and disease pathogenesis. The regulation of the TGF-beta family of growth factors is unique because they are targeted to the extracellular matrix in a biologically...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2007.1914
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:SIGNIFICANCE:Heart disease is the primary cause of death in the industrialized world. Cardiac failure is dictated by an uncompensated reduction in the number of viable and fully functional cardiomyocytes. While current pharmacological therapies alleviate the symptoms associated with cardiac deterioration, heart transpl...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2014.5875
更新日期:2014-11-10 00:00:00