SAG/ROC/Rbx/Hrt, a zinc RING finger gene family: molecular cloning, biochemical properties, and biological functions.

Abstract:

:The RING (really interesting new gene) finger proteins containing a characteristic C3HC4 or C3H2C3 motif appear to act as E3 ubiquitin ligase and play important roles in many processes, including cell-cycle progression, oncogenesis, signal transduction, and development. This review is focused on SAG/ROC/Rbx/Hrt (sensitive to apoptosis gene/regulator of cullins/RING box protein), an evolutionarily conserved RING finger family of proteins that were cloned recently by several independent laboratories through differential display, yeast two-hybrid screening, or biochemical purification. SAG/ROC2/Rbx2/Hrt2 is expressed in multiple mouse adult tissues, as well as early embryos. In humans, both SAG and ROC1 are ubiquitously expressed at a very high level in heart, skeletal muscle, and testis. Expression of both SAG and ROC1 is induced by mitogenic stimulation. SAG is also induced by a redox agent in cultured cells, as well as in in vivo mouse brain upon ischemia/reperfusion. Structurally, SAG consists of four exons and three introns with at least one splicing variant and two pseudogenes. The SAG gene promoter is enriched with multiple transcription factor binding sites. Biochemically, SAG binds to RNA, has metal-ion binding/free radical scavenging activity, and is redox-sensitive. Most importantly, like ROC1, SAG/ROC2 binds to cullins and acts as an essential component of E3 ubiquitin ligase. Biologically, SAG is a growth-essential gene in yeast. In mammalian cells, SAG protects apoptosis mainly through inhibition of cytochrome c release/caspase activation, and promotes growth under serum deprivation at least in part by inhibiting p27 accumulation. Blocking SAG expression via antisense transfection inhibits tumor cell growth. Thus, SAG appears to be a valid drug target for anticancer therapy.

journal_name

Antioxid Redox Signal

authors

Sun Y,Tan M,Duan H,Swaroop M

doi

10.1089/15230860152542989

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2001-08-01 00:00:00

pages

635-50

issue

4

eissn

1523-0864

issn

1557-7716

journal_volume

3

pub_type

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