Shaping cocaine abstinence by successive approximation.

Abstract:

:Cocaine-using methadone-maintenance patients were randomized to standard contingency management (abstinence group, n = 49) or to a contingency designed to increase contact with reinforcers (shaping group, n = 46). For 8 weeks, both groups earned escalating-value vouchers based on thrice-weekly urinalyses: The abstinence group earned vouchers for cocaine-negative urines only; the shaping group earned vouchers for each urine specimen with a 25% or more decrease in cocaine metabolite (first 3 weeks) and then for negative urines only (last 5 weeks). Cocaine use was lower in the shaping group, but only in the last 5 weeks, when the response requirement was identical. Thus, the shaping contingency appeared to better prepare patients for abstinence. A 2nd phase of the study showed that abstinence induced by escalating-value vouchers can be maintained by a nonescalating schedule, suggesting that contingency management can be practical as a maintenance treatment.

journal_name

J Consult Clin Psychol

authors

Preston KL,Umbricht A,Wong CJ,Epstein DH

doi

10.1037//0022-006x.69.4.643

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2001-08-01 00:00:00

pages

643-54

issue

4

eissn

0022-006X

issn

1939-2117

journal_volume

69

pub_type

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