A fatty acid desaturase modulates the activation of defense signaling pathways in plants.

abstract：:Swainsonine, an indolizidine alkaloid, inhibits the processing of asparagine-linked glycoproteins in both cell-free extracts and animal cells in culture. Thus, in a liver particulate enzyme preparation, swainsonine at 0.1-1.0 microM inhibited the mannosidase that releases [3H]mannose from a high mannose glycopeptide b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Elbein AD,Solf R,Dorling PR,Vosbeck K

更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a simple theory that uses thermodynamic parameters to predict the probability that a protein retains the wild-type structure after one or more random amino acid substitutions. Our theory predicts that for large numbers of substitutions the probability that a protein retains its structure will decline expone...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bloom JD,Silberg JJ,Wilke CO,Drummond DA,Adami C,Arnold FH

更新日期：2005-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The fungus, Phycomyces blakesleeanus, shows many well-defined responses to a number of external stimuli. Genetic analysis shows that at least eight genes are involved in Phycomyces sensory transduction. As a first step toward the molecular analysis of these genes and their products, we have developed a transformation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Revuelta JL,Jayaram M

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), an important mechanism of Ca2+ signaling in a wide range of cell types, is mediated by stromal interaction molecule (STIM), which senses the depletion of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores and binds and activates Orai channels in the plasma membrane. This inside-out mechanism of Ca2...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim KM,Wijerathne T,Hur JH,Kang UJ,Kim IH,Kweon YC,Lee AR,Jeong SJ,Lee SK,Lee YY,Sim BW,Lee JH,Baig C,Kim SU,Chang KT,Lee KP,Park CY

更新日期：2018-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Pentamidine, diminazene aceturate (Berenil), isometamidium chloride (Samorin), and ethidium bromide, which are important antitrypanosomal drugs, promote linearization of Trypanosoma equiperdum minicircle DNA (the principal component of kinetoplast DNA, the mitochondrial DNA in these parasites). This effect occurs at t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shapiro TA,Englund PT

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Analysis of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the biologically active mouse mdr1 cDNA clone indicates that the protein is formed by two highly homologous halves, each containing six putative transmembrane domains and a nucleotide-binding site. The duplicated unit shows high sequence homology to the pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Raymond M,Gros P

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleotide excision repair (NER) prevents skin cancer by eliminating highly genotoxic cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) induced in DNA by the UVB component of sunlight. NER consists of two distinct but overlapping subpathways, i.e., global NER, which removes CPD from the genome overall, and transcription-coupled NE...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mathonnet G,Leger C,Desnoyers J,Drouin R,Therrien JP,Drobetsky EA

更新日期：2003-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Although rigorous measures of similarity for sequence and structure are now well established, the problem of defining functional relationships has been particularly daunting. Here, we present several manifold embedding techniques to compute distances between Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotations and consequently e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lerman G,Shakhnovich BE

更新日期：2007-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The bifunctional Neurospora crassa mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (CYT-18 protein) both aminoacylates mitochondrial tRNA(Tyr) and acts as a structure-stabilizing splicing cofactor for group I introns. Previous studies showed that CYT-18 has distinct tRNA(Tyr) and group I intron-binding sites, with the latter fo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paukstelis PJ,Lambowitz AM

更新日期：2008-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, including hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and pituitary corticotropin, is one of the first endocrine systems to develop during fetal life, probably because glucocorticoid secretion is necessary for the maturation of many essential fetal organs. Consiste...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Venihaki M,Carrigan A,Dikkes P,Majzoub JA

更新日期：2000-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Nicotinic AChRs (nAChRs) represent a paradigm for ligand-gated ion channels. Despite intensive studies over many years, our understanding of the mechanisms of activation and inhibition for nAChRs is still incomplete. Here, we present molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the alpha7 nAChR ligand-binding domain, both i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yi M,Tjong H,Zhou HX

更新日期：2008-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:There is great interest in developing selective protein kinase inhibitors by targeting allosteric sites, but these sites often involve protein-protein or protein-peptide interfaces that are very challenging to target with small molecules. Here we present a systematic approach to targeting a functionally conserved allo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rettenmaier TJ,Sadowsky JD,Thomsen ND,Chen SC,Doak AK,Arkin MR,Wells JA

更新日期：2014-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon mutagenesis screen is a powerful tool to facilitate the discovery of cancer genes that drive tumorigenesis in mouse models. In this study, we sought to identify genes that functionally cooperate with sonic hedgehog signaling to initiate medulloblastoma (MB), a tumor of the cerebellu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Genovesi LA,Ng CG,Davis MJ,Remke M,Taylor MD,Adams DJ,Rust AG,Ward JM,Ban KH,Jenkins NA,Copeland NG,Wainwright BJ

更新日期：2013-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibodies provide effective antiviral immunity despite the fact that viruses escape into cells when they infect. Here we show that antibodies remain attached to viruses after cell infection and mediate an intracellular immune response that disables virions in the cytosol. We have discovered that cells possess a cytos...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mallery DL,McEwan WA,Bidgood SR,Towers GJ,Johnson CM,James LC

更新日期：2010-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The only known product of the Snyder-Theilen strain of feline sarcoma virus (ST-FeSV) is a 85,000-dalton protein, designated ST P85, that contains feline leukemia virus gag gene encoded proteins (p15, p12, and a fragment of p30) and a sarcoma virus-specific polypeptide. Antibodies directed against the latter immunopre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barbacid M,Beemon K,Devare SG

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction between cells and nanostructured materials is attracting increasing interest, because of the possibility to open up novel concepts for the design of smart nanobiomaterials with active biological functionalities. In this frame we investigated the response of human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) to go...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brunetti V,Maiorano G,Rizzello L,Sorce B,Sabella S,Cingolani R,Pompa PP

更新日期：2010-04-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperpolarization of substrates for magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and imaging (MRI) by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP) usually involves saturating the ESR transitions of polarizing agents (PAs; e.g., persistent radicals embedded in frozen glassy matrices). This approach has shown enormous pote...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gajan D,Bornet A,Vuichoud B,Milani J,Melzi R,van Kalkeren HA,Veyre L,Thieuleux C,Conley MP,Grüning WR,Schwarzwälder M,Lesage A,Copéret C,Bodenhausen G,Emsley L,Jannin S

更新日期：2014-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Receptor-mediated endocytosis proceeds by transfer of receptor-ligand complexes from clathrin-coated pits at the cell surface to uncoated endocytic vesicles termed receptosomes (or endosomes). These vesicles have now been purified more than 37-fold based on their content of newly internalized epidermal growth factor. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dickson RB,Beguinot L,Hanover JA,Richert ND,Willingham MC,Pastan I

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) U1, U2, U4/U6, and U5 share a set of common proteins denoted B/B', D1, D2, D3, E, F, and G which play an important part in the biogenesis of the snRNPs. In addition, there is a link between the common proteins and autoimmunity; the three D proteins, together with B/B...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lehmeier T,Raker V,Hermann H,Lührmann R

更新日期：1994-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Natively unfolded proteins play key roles in normal and pathological biochemical processes. Despite their importance for function, this category of proteins remains beyond the reach of classical structural biology because of their inherent conformational heterogeneity. We present a description of the intrinsic conform...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bernadó P,Blanchard L,Timmins P,Marion D,Ruigrok RW,Blackledge M

更新日期：2005-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The satellite sequences (AGGGAG)(n) and Ty3/gypsy-like retrotransposons are known to localize at the barley centromeres. Using a gametocidal system, which induces chromosomal mutations in barley chromosomes added to common wheat, we obtained an isochromosome for the short arm of barley chromosome 7H (7HS) that lacked ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nasuda S,Hudakova S,Schubert I,Houben A,Endo TR

更新日期：2005-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Alternaria solani, the causal agent of early blight disease in potato, produces two host-specific, lipidlike toxins in culture. Both compounds are required in the leaf bioassay for the elicitation of typical early blight symptoms, but the compounds are individually inactive. The procedures for the preparation of both ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matern U,Strobel G,Shepard J

更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The usual way to compute Hartree-Fock type functions for molecules is by an expansion of the one-electron functions (molecular orbitals) in a linear combination of analytical functions (LCAO-MO-SCF, linear combination of atomic orbitals-Molecular Orbital-Self Consistent field). The expansion coefficients are obtained ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Clementi E

更新日期：1972-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bullvalene is a structurally unique dynamic molecule thought to interconvert among 1.2 million degenerate isomers. The incorporation of different chemical substituents onto the bullvalene core should lead to a "shape-shifting" molecule that can interconvert among thousands of discrete structural isomers. Previous NMR ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： He M,Bode JW

更新日期：2011-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:CD4(+) T cells expand after transfer into lymphopenic H-2(b) A(beta)-/- mice (I-A(beta)-, I-E(alpha)-deficient mice) but not after transfer into lymphopenic MHC II(Delta/Delta) mice (I-A(alpha)-, I-A(beta)-, I-E(alpha)-, and I-E(beta)-deficient mice), implying that in H-2(b) A(beta)-/- mice, A(alpha) chain and E(beta)...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Martin B,Bourgeois C,Dautigny N,Lucas B

更新日期：2003-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The vaccinia virus early transcription factor (VETF), a heterodimeric protein composed of 82- and 70-kDa subunits, interacts with viral early promoters at both a sequence-specific core region upstream and a sequence-independent region downstream of the RNA start site. To determine the VETF subunit-promoter interaction...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cassetti MA,Moss B

更新日期：1996-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Muscular dystrophy is a general term encompassing muscle disorders that cause weakness and wasting, typically leading to premature death. Membrane instability, as a result of a genetic disruption within the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC), is thought to induce myofiber degeneration, although the downstream mecha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Millay DP,Goonasekera SA,Sargent MA,Maillet M,Aronow BJ,Molkentin JD

更新日期：2009-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the importance of valuing another person's welfare for prosocial behavior, currently we have only a limited understanding of how these values are represented in the brain and, more importantly, how they give rise to individual variability in prosociality. In the present study, participants underwent functional...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sul S,Tobler PN,Hein G,Leiberg S,Jung D,Fehr E,Kim H

更新日期：2015-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Early forms of the genetic code likely generated "statistical" proteins, with similar side chains occupying the same sequence positions at different ratios. In this scenario, groups of related side chains were treated by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases as a single molecular species until a discrimination mechanism develope...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang XL,Otero FJ,Skene RJ,McRee DE,Schimmel P,Ribas de Pouplana L

更新日期：2003-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Complete inactivation of the human retinoblastoma gene (RB) is believed to be an essential step in tumorigenesis of several different cancers. To provide a framework for understanding inactivation mechanisms, the structure of RB was delineated. The RB transcript is encoded in 27 exons dispersed over about 200 kilobase...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hong FD,Huang HJ,To H,Young LJ,Oro A,Bookstein R,Lee EY,Lee WH

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00