Abstract:
:The purpose of the current investigation was to determine whether sodium citrate enhances endurance cycling performance and, if so, what dosage(s) produces this effect. Eight trained [peak power output: 362 (48) W; power:weight: 5.1 (0.4) W x kg(-1), mean (SD)] male cyclists were requested to complete four, 40-km time-trials, each separated by 3-7 days, on their own bicycles, mounted on a Kingcycle ergometer. To mimic the stochastic nature of cycle road races, the time-trials included four 500-m, four 1-km and two 2-km sprints. The experimental conditions involved the ingestion of three dosages of sodium citrate dissolved in 400 ml water: 0.2 g x kg(-1), 0.4 g x kg(-1) and 0.6 g x kg(-1) body mass (b.m.) and a placebo (calcium carbonate, 0.1 g x kg(-1) b.m.). Subjects were asked to complete both the sprints and total distance in the fastest time possible. Venous blood samples were collected before, as well as at 10-km intervals during the trials for the analysis of plasma lactate and glucose concentrations and for the measurement of blood pH and PCO2 levels. Immediately before, as well as during exercise, pH was significantly higher in the group ingesting the highest citrate dose (range 7.36-7.45) compared to the placebo (range 7.31-7.39) and the two lower citrate dosages. Despite this, no significant differences in power output (P = 0.886) or time taken to complete the 40 km (P = 0.754) were measured between the four trials. The average performance times (in min:s, with SD in parentheses) and average power output (in W) for the 40-km time-trials were: 58:46 (5:06) [265 (62) W], 60:24 (6:07) [251 (59) W], 61:47 (5:07) [243 (44) W] and 60:02 (5.05) [255 (55) W] for the 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 g x kg(-1) b.m. sodium citrate and placebo trials, respectively. There were also no significant differences measured between treatments in terms of time, power output, speed or heart rate during the 500-m, 1-km and 2-km sprints. The ingestion of increasing sodium citrate dosages before exercise produced dose-dependent changes in pH, base excess and HCO3- concentrations before and during the 40-km time-trial. However, these changes influenced neither the time-trial time nor the sprinting performance times.
journal_name
Eur J Appl Physioljournal_title
European journal of applied physiologyauthors
Schabort EJ,Wilson G,Noakes TDdoi
10.1007/s004210000264keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-11-01 00:00:00pages
320-7issue
4 -5eissn
1439-6319issn
1439-6327journal_volume
83pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract::Intermittent hypoxic exposure with exercise training is based on the assumption that brief exposure to hypoxia is sufficient to induce beneficial muscular adaptations mediated via hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIF). We previously demonstrated (Mounier et al. Med Sci Sports Exerc 38:1410-1417, 2006) that leu...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-008-0928-y
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of squat training with different depths on lower limb muscle volumes. METHODS:Seventeen males were randomly assigned to a full squat training group (FST, n = 8) or half squat training group (HST, n = 9). They completed 10 weeks (2 days per week) of squat tra...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-019-04181-y
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1508-5
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00421-017-3757-z
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2476-8
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanical loading of cells induces the expression of transforming growth factor-beta-1, and acute exercise, which involves mechanical loading of several tissues, could thus increase its circulating level in humans. However, no consensus exists regarding the plasma concentration of this cytokine in resting subjects (r...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-017-3585-1
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-008-0714-x
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3396-9
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-015-3303-9
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3357-3
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3492-x
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2330-z
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-013-2799-0
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-008-0939-8
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A hypoxic model was used to investigate changes in localized cerebral and muscle haemodynamics during knee extension (KE) in healthy individuals. Thirty-one young healthy volunteers performed one set of KE until failure under hypoxia (14 % O(2)) or normoxia (21 % O(2)) at 50, 75 or 100 % of 1 repetition maximum, in ra...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2408-7
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004210100460
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-011-1926-z
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/PL00007956
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Measuring maximal sniff pressures is an easy way of assessing inspiratory muscle strength. During a static manoeuvre, the pattern of inspiratory muscle recruitment during a sniff can vary from one individual to another. We therefore assessed how voluntarily changing muscle recruitment would affect sniff oesophageal, g...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004210100469
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Changes in mean skin temperature (Tsk) have been shown to modify the maximum rate of sweat ion reabsorption. This study aims to extend this knowledge by investigating if modifications could also be caused by local Tsk. METHODS:The influence of local Tsk on the sweat gland maximum ion reabsorption rates was inv...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-018-04059-5
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-015-3228-3
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypothermia is commonly found in accidents on land and at sea, yet its pulmonary circulatory effects have not been studied before. To study the effects of hypothermia on the right heart function and pulmonary circulation, cardiac catheterization was carried out on nine anaesthetized beagle dogs. The dogs were cooled b...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004210050059
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared the cardiorespiratory response and muscle recruitment [as determined by electromyography (EMG)] of 37 McArdle patients [19 males, 37.4 ± 2.8 years, body mass index (BMI): 25.1 ± 4.7 kg m(-2)] and 33 healthy controls (18 males, 36.4 ± 10.0 years, BMI: 25.7 ± 3.8 kg m(-2)) during cycle-ergometer exercise (an...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1585-5
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Muscular strength is suggested to be dependent upon muscle characteristics. Yet, sex-specific relationships of muscle characteristics to strength in the resistance-trained require investigation. Therefore, the purpose was to evaluate sex differences in muscle characteristics and isometric strength in the elbow ...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-018-3913-0
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty healthy women aged between 65 and 74 years, trained three times a week, for 16 weeks, on a cycle ergometer, to determine the effects of dynamic resistance training on heart rate variability (HRV). Subjects were allocated to two training groups, high (HI, n=10) and low (LO, n=10) intensity. The HI group performe...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-002-0775-1
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Under electrically evoked contractions, the time interval between the onset of the stimulation pulse (Stim) and the beginning of force (F) development can be partitioned (Delay(TOT)), by an electromyographic (EMG), mechanomyographic (MMG) and F combined approach, into three components each containing different ...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-013-2790-9
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00