Abstract：
:Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by chorea, psychiatric disturbances, and dementia. It is caused by a polyglutamine repeat expansion in the huntingtin protein. The striatum is a major site of neuronal loss in HD, but the mechanisms underlying the neurodegenerative process have not been established. Systemic administration of the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor 3-nitropropionic acid (3NP) to rodents results in motor dysfunction and degeneration of striatal neurons with features similar to those of HD. Here we report that levels of prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4; a protein recently linked to neuronal apoptosis) increase in striatum, and to a lesser extent in cortex and hippocampus, after systemic administration of 3NP to adult rats. The increase in Par-4 levels occurred within 6 h of 3NP administration and was followed by an increase in caspase activation which preceded neuronal loss. Exposure of cultured primary striatal neurons to 3NP induced a rapid increase of Par-4 levels and caspase activation. Treatment of striatal neurons with a Par-4 antisense oligonucleotide blocked Par-4 induction by 3NP, suppressed caspase activation, and attenuated neuronal apoptosis. The caspase-3 inhibitor DEVD suppressed 3NP-induced apoptosis of striatal neurons, but did not prevent induction of Par-4, indicating that Par-4 acts upstream of caspase-3 activation in the cell death pathway. Our results suggest that Par-4 plays an important role in the degeneration of striatal neurons in an experimental model of HD.
journal_name
Exp Neuroljournal_title
Experimental neurologyauthors
Duan W,Guo Z,Mattson MPdoi
10.1006/exnr.2000.7434keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-09-01 00:00:00pages
1-11issue
1eissn
0014-4886issn
1090-2430pii
S0014-4886(00)97434-Xjournal_volume
165pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The sciatic nerve of adult mice was transected and proximal and distal nerve stumps were sutured into a nontoxic bioresorbable nerve guide. Nerve guide lumens were either empty or filled with a gel containing 80% laminin and additional extracellular matrix components. Two weeks later cells in the L3 through L5 dorsal ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(85)90087-1
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vivo studies have shown that high blood concentrations of pituitary-adrenocortical hormones can activate the hippocampal cholinergic terminals. Incubation of hippocampal synaptosomal preparations with methylprednisolone, or with ACTH at concentrations comparable to stress-induced high concentrations in plasma, did ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(87)90078-1
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuronal migration was investigated in rodent cerebellum in vitro and in vivo. Time-lapse video recording showed that cultured neurons migrated on laminin by first extending neurites that formed contacts with other neurons. This was followed by movement of the cell nucleus inside the preformed process. No guidance cue...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(92)90119-b
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study we investigated whether the link between mitochondrial dysfunction and deregulation of Ca(2+) homeostasis preceding excitotoxic cell death is mediated by cellular deenergization. Glycolytic and/or mitochondrial ATP synthesis was inhibited with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) and oligomycin, respectively. Changes...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-4886(03)00243-7
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposing rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to dibutyryl cAMP (db-cAMP) enables central branches to regenerate in the spinal cord by nullifying the ability of CNS myelin to inhibit elongation. A conditioning lesion (CL) promotes similar regeneration of central branches in the spinal cord by increasing neuronal cAM...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.03.010
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood flow in the feline thoracic spinal cord was measured, using a laser-Doppler flowmetry. Rhythmic changes in the spinal cord blood flow were repeatedly observed with a frequency of about three to eight cycles per minute, unrelated to the respiratory or cardiac cycles. These changes were unaffected by hypertension ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(88)90009-x
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A host protein encoded by the gene specifying the scrapie amyloid precursor affects pathogenesis of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker's syndrome (GSS), and kuru in man, and scrapie in animals. We found a mutation in this gene of two patients ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(89)90095-2
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spinal motor neurons of Sprague-Dawley rats were examined to determine which of the neuronal isoforms of actin (beta or gamma) upregulate following axon injury. In situ hybridization studies showed greater beta-actin mRNA levels but no change in gamma-actin mRNA levels-suggesting that axon regrowth utilizes beta-actin...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2002.8034
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:AMPAkines are positive modulators of AMPA receptors, and previous work has shown that these compounds can facilitate synaptic plasticity and improve learning and memory in both animals and humans; thus, their role in the treatment of cognitive impairment is worthy of investigation. In this study, we have utilized an o...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.07.010
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The electromyographic (EMG) activity of the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles was recorded from normal geriatric subjects and from hemiplegic patients subjected to a continuous back-and-forth movement of the platform on which they stood. The platform oscillated at a fixed frequency of 0.5 Hz. Movement amplit...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(88)90156-2
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We administered tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA), a cholinesterase inhibitor, to rats with bilateral nucleus basalis magnocellularis lesions and measured their performance in a spatial learning task. The subjects, 34 male Fischer-344 rats, received bilateral excitotoxic NBM lesions; 10 other rats served as unlesioned con...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(90)90126-d
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperreflexia develops after spinal cord injury (SCI) in the human and in the spinal cord transected animal, and can be measured by the loss of low frequency-dependent depression of the H-reflex. Previous studies demonstrated normalization of low frequency-dependent depression of the H-reflex using passive exercise wh...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.07.002
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is not yet clear how L-dopa, that is the most effective drug for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, enters into the dopaminergic neurons to be transformed into dopamine. It is suggested that L-dopa is mainly transported into cells by a group of L-amino acid carriers named "System L". Since these carriers are sel...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.04.005
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A "neuroplastic" hypothesis proposes that changes in neuronal structural plasticity may underlie the aetiology of depression and the action of antidepressants. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is affected by this disorder and shows an intense expression of the polysialylated form of the neural cell adhesion molecul...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.07.018
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diffuse noxious inhibitory controls (DNIC) are very powerful long-lasting descending inhibitory controls which are pivotal in modulating the activity of spinal and trigeminal nociceptive neurons. DNIC are subserved by a loop involving supraspinal structures such as the lateral parabrachial nucleus and the subnucleus r...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.03.006
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Embryonic substantia nigra grafts partially reinnervate the dopamine-denervated corpus striatum when implanted adjacent to that structure. This reinnervation is generally limited to a small portion of the denervated striatum and does not completely compensate for the behavioral effects of a 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(87)90151-8
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ocular movements of alert cats were recorded by classical electronystagmography techniques during (a) vestibular stimulation (sinusoidal rotation of the cat in complete darkness), (b) optokinetic stimulation (sinusoidal rotation of the visual surroundings around the stationary cat), (c) additive visual-vestibular stim...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(83)90005-5
更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats were injected with progressively increasing doses of morphine or meperidine during a period of 3 to 40 days. From this colony of animals individual rats were used at 3- to 4-day intervals for electrophysiologic experiments to analyze the activity of nociceptive neurons in the somesthetic thalamus. After an i.p. i...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(84)90051-7
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the second most common cause of presenile dementia. Here we have investigated the frequency of the epsilon4 allele of the Apolipoprotein (APOE) gene in FTD and in other non-Alzheimer forms of dementia related to FTD such as Motor Neurone disease dementia, semantic dementia, progressive...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2000.7387
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dendritic organization of the phrenic nucleus as a whole was studied after injections of the B-subunit of cholera toxin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase were made into the diaphragm of adult rats. Transverse, sagittal, and horizontal sections through the phrenic nucleus (C3-C5) were incubated according to a mo...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(87)90224-x
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The roles of activated NF-kappaB subunits in the CNS remain to be discerned. Members of this family of transcription factors are essential to diverse physiological processes and can be activated by pathogens, stress, pharmacological agents, and trauma. We are particularly interested in long-term NF-kappaB activation a...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2002.7967
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mice lacking the gene encoding for substance P and neurokinin A, or the NK-1 receptor, exhibit alterations in behavior to various acute nociceptive stimuli. However, behavioral responses of NK-1 mutant animals have not been well characterized in models of chronic pain. We studied the behavioral responses of NK-1 knock...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1999.7336
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The competence of neurons to regenerate depends on their ability to initiate a program of gene expression supporting growth and on the growth-permissive properties of glial cells in the distal stump of the injured nerve. Most studies on intrinsic molecular mechanisms governing peripheral nerve regeneration have focuss...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1998.6886
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Therapeutic hypothermia is a potential protective strategy after stroke. The present study evaluated the neurovascular protective potential of pharmacological hypothermia induced by the neurotensin receptor 1 agonist HPI-201 after severe ischemic stroke. Adult C57BL/6 mice were subjected to filament insertion-induced ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113133
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was carried out to determine if augmentation of phrenic nerve activity during the crossed phrenic phenomenon temporally coincides with the morphological changes in the phrenic nucleus that we have observed in previous studies. This investigation consisted of two experiments in spinal cord hemisected ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(91)90012-2
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fluorescence microscopy revealed that the innervation of the vasa nervorum of both cranial and spinal nerve roots in the subarachnoid space in the monkey is adrenergic in nature. The endoneurium of the cranial nerve roots contained free adrenergic nerve fibers which were not related to the vessel wall. ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(87)90275-5
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitrosative stress contributes to nerve conduction slowing, thermal hypoalgesia, and impaired nitrergic innervation in animal models of Type 1 diabetes. The role for reactive nitrogen species in Type 2 diabetes-associated neuropathy remains unexplored. This study evaluated the role for nitrosative stress in functional...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.03.019
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Based on previous studies demonstrating the potential of growth factors to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration, we developed a novel growth factor delivery system to provide sustained delivery of nerve growth factor (NGF). This delivery system uses heparin to immobilize NGF and slow its diffusion from a fibrin matri...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-4886(03)00258-9
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Subcortical deafferentation of the rat hippocampus has been suggested to offer a model for developing limbic epilepsy. In the present study, the long-term effect of fimbria-fornix lesioning on the density and distribution of hippocampal N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-sensitive L-[3H]glutamate binding was studied using qu...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1993.1086
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cortical stimulation (CS) as a means to modulate regional activity and excitability in cortex is emerging as a promising approach for facilitating rehabilitative interventions after brain damage, including stroke. In this study, we investigated whether CS-induced functional improvements are linked with synaptic plasti...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.01.031
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
