Diagnostic techniques in the work-up of renal allograft dysfunction--an update.

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the current understanding of hemodialysis-mediated clearance of commonly used cardiovascular medications. RECENT FINDINGS:Although cardiovascular drug dialyzability is poorly understood, many drug classes appear to include agents with substantially different degrees of dialyzability. Recent...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Tieu A,Leither M,Urquhart BL,Weir MA

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The pathogenesis and optimal therapy of renal bone disease remains poorly understood in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dialysis patients. Bone biopsy is thus far the only window into cellular and molecular events in bone. This review will focus on recent insights into the pathophysiology of renal bo...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Christov M,Pereira R,Wesseling-Perry K

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The glomerular filtration barrier is a unique structure characterized by a specialized three-dimensional framework of podocytes. This review is aimed at describing the latest advances made in the understanding of polarity signalling pathways regulating the formation and the maintenance of the complex ...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Simons M,Hartleben B,Huber TB

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Disturbances in mineral metabolism are common among individuals with chronic kidney disease and have consistently been associated with cardiovascular and bone disease. The current review aims to describe the current knowledge of the genetic aspects of mineral metabolism disturbances and to suggest dir...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Robinson-Cohen C

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is substantial evidence to suggest that regular physical activity reduces the risk of heart disease. Less clear is the extent to which this is caused by blood pressure reduction. This review considers effects of exercise on blood pressure and overall cardiovascular risk in normotensive and hypertensive individua...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Puddey IB,Beilin LJ

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cellular and molecular mechanisms whereby hypertension causes vascular and cardiac disease are beginning to be understood. Angiotensin II, perhaps because so many probes to explore its action are available, is emerging as a central pathogenetic factor in the development of both vascular and cardiac hypertrophy. It...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Oliver JA

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a serious diabetic complication despite the use of widely employed interventions such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and glucose-lowering treatments. Accumulation of methylglyoxal, a highly reactive glucose metabolite and a major precursor in the forma...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Hanssen NMJ,Stehouwer CDA,Schalkwijk CG

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Assessment of fluid status to reach normovolemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) continues to be a tough task. Besides clinical observation, technological methods have been introduced, yet, the best approach is still uncertain. The present review looks at fluid overload in CKD from three...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： de Ruiter A,Bello A,Braam B

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing evidence implicates reactive oxygen species in the pathogenesis of hypertension and its cardiovascular complications. By altering the balance in the endothelium between vasoconstrictors such as thromboxane and isoprostanes and vasodilators such as nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species contribute to endothel...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Kitiyakara C,Wilcox CS

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The renin-angiotensin system, traditionally viewed as a circulatory system, has significantly expanded in the last two decades to include independently regulated local systems in several tissues, newly identified active products of angiotensin II, and new receptors and functions of renin-angiotensin s...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Kumar R,Singh VP,Baker KM

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Studies of patients with tumors associated with osteomalacia (tumor-induced osteomalacia), X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) and autosomal-dominant hypophosphatemic rickets have provided important new insights into the identity and mechanisms of action of factors that play a role in controlling renal ph...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Kumar R

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To evaluate the role of restricting dietary sodium intake in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its complications. RECENT FINDINGS:A consistent line of evidence shows that high dietary sodium intake is a determinant of therapy resistance to blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). A...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Krikken JA,Laverman GD,Navis G

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There is much interest in cystatin C to replace or supplement serum creatinine to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Here we review the performance of cystatin C and combined creatinine-cystatin C estimating equations compared to creatinine-based estimating equations in chronic and acute k...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Inker LA,Okparavero A

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize recent evidence regarding the role of distal nephron segments other than the macula densa in sensing the tubular environment and transmitting this signal to the adjacent vasculature. RECENT FINDINGS:In addition to the classical contact site between the macula densa plaque and the afferen...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Komlosi P,Bell PD,Zhang ZR

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in the genetics of hypertension include studies on localizations of many loci involved in blood pressure regulation in the rat, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying monogenetic forms of hypertension, and studies of candidate genes in primary hypertension. Evidence that the angiotensinogen...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Lathrop GM,Soubrier F

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The target hematocrit to be achieved when treating anemia in hemodialysis patients with erythropoietin is controversial. Current evidence-based recommendations suggest a target hematocrit range of 33% to 36%. Small studies suggest that normalization of hematocrit with erythropoietin may benefit hemodialysis patients i...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Murphy ST,Parfrey PS

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Renal tubular cells die by apoptosis as well as necrosis in experimental models of ischemic and toxic acute renal failure as well as in humans with acute tubular necrosis. It is not yet possible, however, to determine the relative contribution of these two forms of cell death to loss of renal tubular cells in acute tu...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Bonegio R,Lieberthal W

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complex multifactorial inheritance pattern of systemic lupus erythematosus in various murine models has been dissected via both classic genetic analysis and the use of modern technologies in genomic manipulation. Current information suggests that lupus may be mediated by a multitude of genetic abnormalities that i...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Yim YS,Wakeland EK

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The majority of uric acid nephrolithiasis in humans occurs in the absence of frank hyperuricosuria and is primarily a disease of excessively low urinary pH. Uric acid is substantially less soluble than urate salts so in low urine pH urate is protonated, thus favoring precipitation even under what is c...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Moe OW

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The imbalances in the activities of various components of the neurohormonal system that maintain renal homeostasis may have important implications in pathophysiology. This review aims to examine the evidence for disparities between angiotensin II and nitric oxide in acute and chronic kidney diseases. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Singh P,Deng A,Weir MR,Blantz RC

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) oxidase [NAD(P)H oxidase] are both expressed in tubular epithelial cells within the renal medulla, particularly the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle (mTALH). Thick ascending limbs contribute to long-ter...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Evans RG,Fitzgerald SM

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tests have become available that not only give an index of iron stores and availability but also provide an integrated assessment of the efficacy of its utilization. This has allowed the revision of previously accepted criteria of iron deficiency as well as the most appropriate strategies for iron administration. By o...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： van Zyl-Smit R

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ischemic heart disease is the major cause of death in dialysis patients. Efforts at coronary artery disease detection in end-stage renal disease patients have primarily focused on the cardiac evaluation of 'high-risk' renal transplant candidates. Despite their high cardiac risk, no data exist on the results of reperfu...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Herzog CA

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review will critically highlight the role of leukotrienes as mediators of renal diseases and drug nephrotoxicity. It will also discuss the recently identified mechanism of cysteinyl leukotrienes induction and action, and will propose clinical implementation of these findings. RECENT FINDINGS:Sin...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Rubinstein M,Dvash E

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aldosterone plays a major role in the regulation of renal sodium reabsorption, of extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure. Such specific mineralocorticoid physiological adaptations occur despite the large prevalence of glucocorticoid hormones over aldosterone in the plasma. Indeed both classes of hormones bind w...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Farman N

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The sodium-hydrogen exchanger isoform-1 (NHE1) functions in intracellular pH and cell volume homeostasis by catalyzing an electroneutral exchange of extracellular sodium and intracellular hydrogen. Recent studies have revealed the structural functions of NHE1 as an anchor for actin filaments and a sca...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Meima ME,Mackley JR,Barber DL

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The success of any given kidney transplant is closely tied to the ability to monitor patients and responsively change their medications. Transplant monitoring is still, however, dependent on relatively old technologies: serum creatinine levels, urine output, blood pressure, blood glucose and histopath...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Wishart DS

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypertension in kidney transplant patients is a common complication that affects long-term patient and allograft survival. Although multifactorial in nature, at least two causes can be corrected by surgical or radiologic intervention--stenosis and native kidney-associated hypertension. Unfortunately, the current immun...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Curtis JJ

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review provides an up-to-date understanding of how peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) exerts its cardioprotective effect in the vasculature through its activation of novel PPARγ target genes in endothelium and vascular smooth muscle. RECENT FINDINGS:In vascular endothelial cell...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Fang S,Sigmund CD

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic renal disease evolves to end-stage renal failure through events, including enhanced intraglomerular pressure and plasma protein ultrafiltration, mediated at least in part by angiotensin II. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors reduce intracapillary pressure and ameliorate glomerular size-selective function...

journal_title：Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension

authors： Ruggenenti P,Remuzzi G

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00