Involvement of actin microfilaments in the transcription/replication of human parainfluenza virus type 3: possible role of actin in other viruses.

Abstract:

:Multifunctional involvement of actin microfilaments during viral infection has been documented in many studies. The molecular mechanism underlying this important host-virus interaction, however, remains poorly understood. We have investigated the role of actin microfilaments in the life cycle of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3), a paramyxovirus that causes severe respiratory illness in children. In vitro transcription with purified viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex showed a requirement of cellular actin, in the polymeric form, for mRNA synthesis in vitro. This was further confirmed by using recombinant actin, which interacted with the viral RNP and also activated mRNA synthesis in vitro. Consistent with the role of the polymeric form of actin, the actin microfilaments of the cytoskeletal framework participate in the virus replication in vivo. Biochemical and immunological analyses revealed the association of viral RNPs with cytoskeletal framework during early stages of infection, and involvement of these RNPs in the synthesis of mRNAs and genome-length RNA. Immunofluorescent labeling and confocal microscopy showed that the viral nucleocapsids colocalize with the actin microfilaments. Treatment of cells with cytochalasin D, which depolymerizes actin microfilaments, inhibited viral RNA synthesis and RNP accumulation. These data indicate that actin microfilaments play a critical role in HPIV3 life cycle, specifically at the level of viral transcription and replication. Involvement of the cytoskeletal framework in the life cycle of several viruses containing RNA and DNA genomes is reviewed.

journal_name

Microsc Res Tech

authors

De BP,Banerjee AK

doi

10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19991015)47:2<114::AID-JEM

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1999-10-15 00:00:00

pages

114-23

issue

2

eissn

1059-910X

issn

1097-0029

pii

10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19991015)47:2<114::AID-JEM

journal_volume

47

pub_type

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