Abstract:
:Multifunctional involvement of actin microfilaments during viral infection has been documented in many studies. The molecular mechanism underlying this important host-virus interaction, however, remains poorly understood. We have investigated the role of actin microfilaments in the life cycle of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3), a paramyxovirus that causes severe respiratory illness in children. In vitro transcription with purified viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex showed a requirement of cellular actin, in the polymeric form, for mRNA synthesis in vitro. This was further confirmed by using recombinant actin, which interacted with the viral RNP and also activated mRNA synthesis in vitro. Consistent with the role of the polymeric form of actin, the actin microfilaments of the cytoskeletal framework participate in the virus replication in vivo. Biochemical and immunological analyses revealed the association of viral RNPs with cytoskeletal framework during early stages of infection, and involvement of these RNPs in the synthesis of mRNAs and genome-length RNA. Immunofluorescent labeling and confocal microscopy showed that the viral nucleocapsids colocalize with the actin microfilaments. Treatment of cells with cytochalasin D, which depolymerizes actin microfilaments, inhibited viral RNA synthesis and RNP accumulation. These data indicate that actin microfilaments play a critical role in HPIV3 life cycle, specifically at the level of viral transcription and replication. Involvement of the cytoskeletal framework in the life cycle of several viruses containing RNA and DNA genomes is reviewed.
journal_name
Microsc Res Techjournal_title
Microscopy research and techniqueauthors
De BP,Banerjee AKdoi
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19991015)47:2<114::AID-JEMkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-10-15 00:00:00pages
114-23issue
2eissn
1059-910Xissn
1097-0029pii
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19991015)47:2<114::AID-JEMjournal_volume
47pub_type
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