Abstract：
:A 13-year-old boy with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome characterized by absence, myoclonic, complex-partial, and secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures, presents with progressive obtundation and loss of motor and verbal skills over a 2-day period. Initial evaluation revealed therapeutic phenytoin serum concentrations. This article discusses the differential diagnosis and management approach used in this setting, as well as the appropriate interpretation of antiepileptic drug serum concentrations.
journal_name
Semin Pediatr Neuroljournal_title
Seminars in pediatric neurologyauthors
Gidal BE,Seltz JN,Rutecki Pdoi
10.1016/s1071-9091(99)80004-7keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-09-01 00:00:00pages
146-9; discussion 149-50issue
3eissn
1071-9091issn
1558-0776pii
S1071-9091(99)80004-7journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Significant advancements have been made in early intervention programs for children with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, measuring treatment response for children with ASD is difficult due to the heterogeneity of changes in symptoms, which can be subtle, especially over a short period of time. Here we outline...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2020.100806
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant disorder with variable expression. The complications are age specific. Neurologic complications include tumors of the peripheral nerves, nerve roots, and plexi; spinal cord compression; dural ectasias; learning disabilities; attention deficit; headaches; seizures...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2006.01.005
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cerebral cortex is the area of the brain where higher-order cognitive processing occurs. The 2 hemispheres of the cerebral cortex communicate through one of the largest fiber tracts in the brain, the corpus callosum. Malformation of the corpus callosum in human beings occurs in 1 in 4000 live births, and those aff...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2009.07.003
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous neurosurgical approaches are available for children presenting with hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) associated with severe epilepsy. A concern regarding the impairment of short-term memory after resective surgery is promoting the exploration of less invasive alternatives like radiosurgery. Gamma knife radiosurg...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2007.03.005
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Migraine is the most frequent type of headache in children. In the 1980s, scientists first hypothesized a connection between migraine and mitochondrial (mt) disorders. More recent studies have suggested that at least some subtypes of migraine may be related to a mt defect. Different types of evidence support a relatio...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2013.09.002
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The heterogeneous childhood limb-girdle muscular dystrophies have originally been defined as a group of autosomal recessive and dominant diseases with progressive weakness and wasting of shoulder and pelvic-girdle muscles. Over the last 12 years, the underlying genetic defects for many of the diseases have been identi...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2006.06.006
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The protein surplus myopathies have emerged as a newly recognized subgroup of morphologically defined myopathies within the spectrum of congenital myopathies because of the accumulation of protein aggregates, some of them mutant proteins. Currently, nosologic, including molecular criteria include desmin-related myopat...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/spen.2002.33799
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Imaging of the brachial plexus and peripheral nerves is challenging in the pediatric patient. Magnetic resonance imaging is the modality of choice as it is not invasive and demonstrates proximal and distal lesions. This may be used to detect nerve root avulsions, nerve ruptures, pseudo-meningoceles, brachial plexus sc...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1071-9091(00)80006-6
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Headache is a common problem in children and adolescents. Its recurrent and disabling nature may lead to use of neuroimaging to exclude secondary causes of headache such as Chiari I malformation (CM I). CM I has a variety of presentation with headache being the most common symptom. CM I can be asymptomatic and is also...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2016.01.001
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is known to cause acute retinal necrosis (ARN). The availability of HSV-2-specific polymerase chain reaction tests for diagnostic analysis has greatly increased our ability to discriminate ARN caused by HSV-2 from ARN caused by either herpes simplex virus type 1 or varicella zoster ...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2012.02.005
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interaction between sleep and headache or migraine is powerful and an elevated comorbidity between these 2 disorders has been reported in either adults or children. This comobidity is linked to common neurophysiological and neuroanatomical substrates that are genetically based strongly. The first reports on this r...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2015.04.005
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although no single neurological manifestation is specific of mitochondrial encephalopathies, several neurological syndromes are clearly suggestive of the diagnosis. Muscle biopsy for histochemicals, biochemical, and mitochondrial DNA studies is frequently necessary to establish diagnosis of mitochondrial encephalopath...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1071-9091(96)80032-5
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The success of transition for children and youth with neurological disorders depends on leadership from the pediatric neurology team to encourage and support the patient's firm knowledge base of the medical condition, gradual acceptance of self-management skills and confident self-advocacy. While the foundations of ef...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2020.100852
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report describes language development from infancy through 8 years of life for a large sample of very low birth weight (VLBW) (high medical risk, n = 94; low medical risk, n = 132) and term (n = 134) children. Children of high and low medical risk status showed lower levels and slower rates of development compare...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/spen.2002.35499
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Creatine deficiency syndromes are a group of disorders of creatine (Cr) synthesis and transport characterized by intellectual disability, language delay, epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder, and movement disorders secondary to decrease of Cr concentration in the brain. Synthesis defects are treatable, therefore an earl...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2016.11.003
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pediatric neurologists frequently encounter patients who present with significant musculoskeletal pain that cannot be attributed to a specific injury or illness, which can often be defined as pain amplification syndrome (PAS). PAS in children and adolescents is the result of a heightened pain sensitivity pathway, whic...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2016.10.006
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this article, I consider in what sense bioethics is philosophical. Philosophy includes both analysis and synthesis. Analysis focuses on central concepts in a domain, for example, informed consent, death, medical futility, and health. It is argued that analysis should avoid oversimplification. The synthesis or synop...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2015.05.005
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common congenital virus passed from mother to fetus in the United States, and the most common acquired cause of sensorineural hearing loss. Neuroimaging in patients with symptomatic congenital CMV demonstrates abnormalities frequently, but many providers are unaware of the extent of t...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2017.03.014
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence and sex distribution of spinal cord injury (SCI) changes with age. Motor vehicle accidents, bicycle accidents, sports accidents, and violence are major causes in the pediatric population. Pulmonary complications may be severe and life-threatening in the acute phase. Chronically, the degree of ventilatory...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1071-9091(03)00022-6
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Routine serum antiepileptic (AED) drug levels and laboratory monitoring for drug toxicity have crept into clinical practice. The value of these routines is uncertain. Serum drug levels do not clearly improve seizure control, predict adverse effects, or influence compliance. Routine laboratory testing appears neither s...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral palsy (CP) registers appear to be appropriate tools for answering questions regarding the prevalence and characteristics of this common childhood disability. Registers are population databases issuing from multiple sources, relying on a clear definition and inclusion and exclusion criteria of CP, and requirin...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2004.01.004
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclic vomiting is a variant of migraine that is discussed in depth. The importance of the diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, supportive and pharmacologic therapies is stressed. ...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/spen.2001.23456
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracranial pressure (ICP) and skull volume are intricately related. Craniosynostosis alters skull volume, and the many forms of craniosynostosis complicate the relationship to ICP even further. Patients with single-suture synostosis are less likely to experience elevated ICP than patients in whom multiple sutures, c...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2004.11.001
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biomarkers are central to the translational medicine strategic focus, though strict criteria need to be applied to their designation and utility. They are one of the most promising areas of medical research, but the "biomarker life-cycle" must be understood to avoid false-positive and false-negative results. Molecular...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2017.08.001
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Velocardiofacial syndrome, also called Shprintzen syndrome or DiGeorge sequence, is one of the most common genetic disorders in humans. Caused by a microdeletion on chromosome 22, it manifests in a remarkable variety of symptoms in multiple systems. The most frequent anomalies involve palatal function, facial features...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2007.07.005
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seizures are a common complication of pediatric brain tumors and their treatment. This article reviews the epidemiology, evaluation, and treatment of seizures in children with brain tumors. Seizures in known brain tumor patients may signify tumor progression or recurrence, or treatment-related brain damage, as well as...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2012.02.010
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many genetic conditions can result in ataxia. Careful clinical, radiologic, and genetic evaluation permits the specific diagnosis of many of these conditions, which in turn facilitates medical care for the patient and genetic counseling for the patient and family. Predictive, prenatal, and carrier testing are possible...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1071-9091(03)00031-7
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It was not too long ago that being struck violently in the head or "getting your bell rung" was often brushed off as nothing to worry about. These days the pendulum has swung and there is growing appreciation that this mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), often called concussion, must be taken seriously and is now on t...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2019.03.008
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pediatric epileptic encephalopathies represent a clinically challenging and often devastating group of disorders that affect children at different stages of infancy and childhood. With the advances in genetic testing and neuroimaging, the etiologies of these epileptic syndromes are now better defined. The various ence...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2016.06.002
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Astrocytes have long been forgotten entities in our quest to understand brain function. Over the last few decades, there has been an exponential increase in our knowledge of central nervous system (CNS) function, and, consequently, astrocytes have emerged as key figures in CNS physiology and disease. Indeed, several p...
journal_title：Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.spen.2013.10.003
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
