Abstract:
:The most replicated neuroanatomical finding in autism is the tendency toward brain overgrowth, especially in younger children. Research shows that both gray and white matter are enlarged. Proposed mechanisms underlying brain enlargement include abnormal inflammatory and neurotrophic signals that lead to excessive, aberrant dendritic connectivity via disrupted pruning and cell adhesion, and enlargement of white matter due to excessive gliogenesis and increased myelination. Amyloid-β protein precursor (βAPP) and its metabolites, more commonly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), are also dysregulated in autism plasma and brain tissue samples. This review highlights findings that demonstrate how one βAPP metabolite, secreted APPα, and the ADAM family α-secretases, may lead to increased brain matter, with emphasis on increased white matter as seen in autism. sAPPα and the ADAM family α-secretases contribute to the anabolic, non-amyloidogenic pathway, which is in contrast to the amyloid (catabolic) pathway known to contribute to Alzheimer disease. The non-amyloidogenic pathway could produce brain enlargement via genetic mechanisms affecting mRNA translation and polygenic factors that converge on molecular pathways (mitogen-activated protein kinase/MAPK and mechanistic target of rapamycin/mTOR), promoting neuroinflammation. A novel mechanism linking the non-amyloidogenic pathway to white matter enlargement is proposed: α-secretase and/or sAPPα, activated by ERK receptor signaling activates P13K/AKt/mTOR and then Rho GTPases favoring myelination via oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) activation of cofilin. Applying known pathways in AD to autism should allow further understanding and provide options for new drug targets.
journal_name
Front Psychiatryjournal_title
Frontiers in psychiatryauthors
Sokol DK,Maloney B,Westmark CJ,Lahiri DKdoi
10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00165subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-04-10 00:00:00pages
165issn
1664-0640journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Introduction: People with psychosis show impairments in cognitive flexibility, a phenomenon that is still poorly understood. In this study, we tested if there were differences in cognitive and metacognitive processes related to rigidity in patients with psychosis. We compared individuals with dichotomous interpersonal...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.594840
更新日期:2020-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-related stigma has been documented as one of the greatest obstacles to reducing HIV spread, engagement in HIV treatment, and poor mental health functioning among people living with HIV (PLWH). Although disclosure is important for people to receive social support, the fear of stigma and discrimination prevents PLWH...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00772
更新日期:2020-07-31 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Despite the importance of dopamine neurotransmission in schizophrenia, very few studies have addressed anomalies in the mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area (SN/VTA). Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate-limiting enzyme for the production of dopamine, and a pos...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2012.00031
更新日期:2012-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::Our study aims to explore the risk factors for suicidal ideation and their interaction among the elderly in nursing homes in Hunan province, China. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the elderly in nursing homes in Hunan Province. Twenty-four nursing homes were selected by multistage cluster random sampling, ...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00339
更新日期:2020-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Previous studies have indicated that changes in the concentration of glutamate and related metabolites may mediate the progression of addiction in patients with methamphetamine (MA) use disorders. In the present study, we utilized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to investigate absolute glutamate co...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00368
更新日期:2018-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::In clinical settings, nitrous oxide gas is a safe anesthetic used during childbirth, in dentistry, and to relieve anxiety in emergencies. Colloquially known as "hippy crack"' or "laughing gas," it is increasingly taken recreationally for its euphoric and relaxing effects and hallucinogenic properties. Using a self-rep...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00312
更新日期:2018-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Japan recently ordered a string of death sentences for offenders with mental illness. Based on the verdicts, we describe cases where one or more psychiatrists conducted psychiatric evaluations for several months and testified in lay judge courts. We compared these cases with those in which the death penalty was avoide...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00550
更新日期:2018-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::This protocol describes a study that will test the effectiveness of a 7-week non-clinical digital coaching intervention to promote self-control. The goal of the coaching is to support and guide people who are willing and motivated to improve their self-control with the help of the smartphone application MindHike. The ...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.575101
更新日期:2020-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: We previously found that chronic ketamine usages were associated with various psychotic and cognitive symptoms mimicking schizophrenia. The blockade of the NMDA receptor and subsequent nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) dysfunction were found to be closely correlated with schizophrenia including NOS1 gene polym...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.580771
更新日期:2020-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Over the past 15 years, comparative assessments of psychoactive substance harms to both users and others have been compiled by addiction experts. None of these rankings however have included synthetic cannabinoids or non-opioid prescription analgesics (NOAs, e.g., gabapentinoids) despite evidence of increa...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.592199
更新日期:2020-10-26 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Disorganization of semantic memory in patients with schizophrenia has been studied by referring to their category fluency performance. Recently, data-mining techniques such as singular value decomposition (SVD) analysis have been reported to be effective in elucidating the latent semantic memory structure in...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00087
更新日期:2018-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::The complement system consists of more than 30 proteins that have long been known to participate to the immune defence against pathogens and to the removal of damaged cells. Their role, however, extends beyond immunity and clearance of altered "self" components in the periphery. In particular, complement proteins can ...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00573
更新日期:2019-08-21 00:00:00
abstract:Background:In the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the primary problem is respiratory-related, but there also is increasing evidence of central nervous system (CNS) involvement. This study aims to summarize the literature on neurological manifestations of COVID-19, underlying mechanisms of CNS involvement...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00860
更新日期:2020-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: During the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in China, breast cancer (BC) patients and healthcare workers faced several challenges, resulting in great psychological stress. We measured the psychological status of BC patients and female nurses and compared the severity within the two groups at the peak time-...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.559701
更新日期:2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Major depression is a high-prevalence mental disease with major socio-economic impact, for both the direct and the indirect costs. Major depression symptoms can be faked or exaggerated in order to obtain economic compensation from insurance companies. Critically, depression is potentially easily malingered, as the sym...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00249
更新日期:2018-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00202.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00300
更新日期:2020-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is a potential alternative to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), but there is currently a lack of reports about MST in Chinese patients with schizophrenia. Our objective was to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of add-on MST in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia. Eigh...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00224
更新日期:2018-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Background: The developmental period from 0 to 25 years is a vulnerable time during which children and young people experience many psychosocial and neurobiological changes and an increased incidence of mental illness. New clinical services for children and young people aged 0 to 25 years may represent a radical trans...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00355
更新日期:2019-06-07 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Patients with schizophrenia and individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR) have been reported to exhibit impaired recognition of facial emotion expressions. This impairment has involved both inaccuracy and negative bias of facial emotion recognition. The present study aimed to investigate whether UHR...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00577
更新日期:2020-06-26 00:00:00
abstract:Introduction:Accumulating evidence indicates the effectiveness of cryogenic temperature interventions in rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, and chronic low back pain. The application of whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) in psychiatric aspects of medicine was also noted. Neverthel...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00522
更新日期:2020-06-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder affecting children, adolescents, and adults. Its etiology is not well understood, but it is increasingly believed to result from diverse pathophysiologies that affect the structure and function of specific brain circui...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00128
更新日期:2016-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Although binge eating disorder (BED) is an eating disorder and obesity is a clinical disease, it is known that both conditions present overlapped symptoms related to, at least partially, the disruption of homeostatic and hedonistic eating behavior pathways. Therefore, the understanding of neural substrat...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.559966
更新日期:2020-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::Autobiographical memory (AM) impairment in schizophrenia affects the richness of detail in personal memories and is one of the major predictors of patients' social functioning. Despite the empirical evidence attributing these difficulties to a defective encoding process, cognitive remediation interventions targeting A...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00397
更新日期:2020-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Previous studies on internet gaming disorder (IGD) have reported an association between personality traits and impulsive or problematic use of the internet or internet games, but the results obtained were inconsistent. Our study's hypothesis was that personality traits are associated with the individual'...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00583
更新日期:2019-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::Structure and function are closely related in the healthy human brain. In patients with chronic heroin exposure, brain imaging studies have identified long-lasting changes in gray matter (GM) volume. More recently, we showed that acute application of heroin in dependent patients results in hypoperfusion of fronto-temp...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00135
更新日期:2013-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::Depression is one of the most prevalent and serious mental disorders with a worldwide significant health burden. Metabolic abnormalities and disorders in patients with depression have attracted great research attention. Thirty-six metabolic biomarkers of clinical plasma metabolomics were detected by platform technolog...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00667
更新日期:2020-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a co-/posttranscriptional modification of double-stranded RNA, catalyzed by the adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) family of enzymes, which results in recognition of inosine as guanosine by translational and splicing machinery causing potential recoding events in amin...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00277
更新日期:2019-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::Timing is a fundamental and highly conserved mammalian capability, yet the underlying neural mechanisms are widely debated. Ramping activity of single neurons that gradually increase or decrease activity to encode the passage of time has been speculated to predict a behaviorally relevant temporal event. Cue-evoked low...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00190
更新日期:2016-01-18 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Contemporary psychiatric research focuses its attention on the patient's dysfunction of metacognition in relation to the basic cognitive processes of mental activity. The current study investigated dysfunctional metacognition in relation to self-monitoring of memory in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00725
更新日期:2020-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroimaging holds the promise that it may one day aid the clinical assessment of individual psychiatric patients. However, the vast majority of studies published so far have been based on average differences between groups, which do not permit accurate inferences at the level of the individual. We examined the potent...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00187
更新日期:2014-01-29 00:00:00